Tsunamis in 1680

September 28, 1680 Tsunami: Totomi-Nada, Japan

September 28, 1680 · Deaths: many · Questionable tsunami

A tsunami caused by an earthquake began at Totomi-Nada, Japan on September 28, 1680. Its effects were recorded at 2 places.

Where the waves reached

The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.

  • Under 1 m
  • 1 to 3 m
  • 3 to 10 m
  • 10 to 30 m
  • 30 m and more
  • Height not recorded

Tsunami warnings in force

Travel times

How long the first wave took to reach each part of the ocean, one line for each hour up to 24, estimated from the source and the depth of the sea.

The travel times are computed in your browser, which needs JavaScript.

  • 1 to 4 hours
  • 5 to 6 hours
  • 7 to 14 hours
  • 15 hours and more

Computed in your browser the way NOAA’s own travel time maps are: the wave travels at the square root of gravity times the depth, over NOAA’s ETOPO1 depths averaged to a 10 arc-minute grid. Checked against NOAA NCEI’s maps for 21 tsunamis over the first 24 hours, these lines fall within 10 minutes of NCEI’s at half the points compared and within 52 minutes at 9 in 10. They give when the first wave could arrive, not how high it is; bays, harbors and island chains finer than the grid can see it later. Not for use in a warning: see tsunami.gov.

The tsunami

Date
September 28, 1680
Source
Totomi-Nada, Japan
Cause
Earthquake
Earthquake
The earthquake
Runups recorded
2
Tsunami intensity (Soloviev-Imamura)
2
Waters
Ocean
How certain
Questionable tsunami
Source location
34.600° N, 137.600° E

The toll

Deaths
Many (about 101 to 1,000)
Damage
Moderate (about $1 to $5 million)
Houses destroyed
Many (101 to 1,000)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

1680, September 28? There was an earthquake at Totomi-Nada (Aichi and Shizuoka Prefectures). There was a tsunami on the coast of Totomi-Nada and Fukushima Prefectures. Many homes were washed out and many people drowned. Imamura considers this tsunami to have been of storm origin, although the available historical materials suggest that it may, in fact, have been caused by an earthquake. [m=2] (Reference #414).

Every runup

Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.

WhereCountryKm from sourceWater height, mInland, mMeasured byFirst wave, UTCDeaths
Totomi-NadaJapan82Eyewitness observation of water height
FukushimaJapan382Eyewitness observation of water height

More

Every tsunami in 1680The 1600sTsunamis of JapanThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force

Sources

Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 5501.