Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2012

EF0 tornado, Brenham Muni Arpt to Prairie Hill, Texas, January 25, 2012

From Brenham Muni Arpt to Prairie Hill, this EF0 tornado ran 2.1 miles across Washington County on January 25, 2012, touching down at 7:17 AM CST and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $30,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
January 25, 2012
Touchdown
7:17 AM CST (13:17 UTC)
Lifted
7:20 AM CST (13:20 UTC)
On the ground
3 minutes
Path length
2.1 miles (3.3 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$30,000
County
Washington County
Touchdown point
30.232, -96.373
Lift-off point
30.248, -96.344
Record number
1201250717-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe thunderstorms produced tornado and wind damage along with some flash flooding.

This EF-0 tornado initially touched down west of County Road 50 just north of the Brenham Municipal Airport and traveled to the east and northeast toward the intersection of FM 2621 and County Road 65. The tornado destroyed several metal outbuildings and removed the roof from a barn. It also produced minor roof damage to a home and snapped numerous large trees.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 09:27 UTC and running to 16:27 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
09:27 UTC16:27 UTCTornado WatchHGX
11:49 UTC18:00 UTCWind AdvisoryHGX
12:12 UTC13:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGX
12:43 UTC13:15 UTCTornado WarningHGX
13:16 UTC14:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGX
13:22 UTC14:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGX
13:23 UTC14:00 UTCTornado WarningHGX
15:14 UTC18:15 UTCFlood AdvisoryHGX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 12:54 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Corpus Christi, TX (KCRP), 12:00Z

1.3 hours before the tornado, 295 km from the path. January 25, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Corpus Christi, TX at 12:00Z on 2012-01-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1968 joules per kilogram, CIN -2, lifted condensation level 518 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Corpus Christi, TX at 12:00Z on 2012-01-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 280 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 45 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1968 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-2 J/kg
Surface CAPE
3189 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
518 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
45 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
280 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
344 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
3.5
Supercell composite
21.9
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Corpus Christi, TX (KCRP), 00:00Z

10.7 hours after it, 295 km from the path. January 26, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Corpus Christi, TX at 00:00Z on 2012-01-26Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -68104, lifted condensation level 1367 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Corpus Christi, TX at 00:00Z on 2012-01-26The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -143 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 85 knots.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-68104 J/kg
Surface CAPE
42 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1367 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
85 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
18 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-143 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-67 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Ft Hood radar (KGRK), 112 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 13:14 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
12:30 UTCTSTM WND DMGCaldwellBurleson, TXTREES DOWN ALONG FM 975 IN CALDWELL.
12:43 UTCTORNADO 17 Ssw CaldwellBurleson, TXSWATH OF DAMAGE EXTENDED FROM JUST NORTHEAST OF DEANVILLE TO JUST SOUTHEAST OF CALDWELL. DAMAGE APPEARED TORNADIC ALONG SOUTHERN PORTION OF THAT AREA WITH NUMEROUS TREES SNAPPED OR UPROOTED. ONE HOUSE WAS PUSHED OFF A CI
12:43 UTCTORNADO7 Ssw CaldwellBurleson, TXSWATH OF DAMAGE EXTENDED FROM JUST NORTHEAST OF DEANVILLE TO JUST SOUTHEAST OF CALDWELL. DAMAGE APPEARED TORNADIC ALONG SOUTHERN PORTION OF THAT AREA WITH NUMEROUS TREES SNAPPED OR UPROOTED. ONE HOUSE WAS PUSHED OFF A CI
12:45 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 S CaldwellBurleson, TXTREES DOWN AND ROOF DAMAGE AT FM 975 AT SECOND CREEK. 1 HOME AND 4 BARNS DAMAGED IN DEANVILLE AT CR 116 AND FM 111. TREE AND ROOF DAMAGE AT FM 111 AND CR 121. BUILDING DAMAGE AT SOUTH OF FM 60 AND SOUTH OF HIGHWAY 36.
13:00 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 N GiddingsLee, TXSEVERAL TREES BLOWN DOWN AND SOME BUILDING DESTROYED.
13:00 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 N SomervilleBurleson, TXTIN CONSTUCTED TIRE SHOP ON HWY 36 DESTROYED.
13:15 UTCTSTM WND DMGBryanBrazos, TXDAMAGE TO GARAGE DOOR AND AND ROOF DAMAGE TO HOUSE AT INTERSECTION OF HWY 30 AND FM 158.
13:15 UTCTSTM WND GST 0BrenhamWashington, TX70 MPH GUST AT BRENHAM AWOS.
13:15 UTCTSTM WND GST 70BrenhamWashington, TX70 MPH GUST AT BRENHAM AWOS.
13:17 UTCTORNADO 0BrenhamWashington, TXEF0 TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN WEST OF COUNTY ROAD 50 JUST TO THE NORTH OF BRENHAM MUNICIPAL AIRPORT. THE TORNADO TRAVELED TO NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF FM262 AND CR65. IT DESTROYED SEVERAL SMALL METAL OUTBUILDINGS, REMOVED ROOF
13:17 UTCTORNADOBrenhamWashington, TXFO TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN WEST OF COUNTY ROAD 50 JUST TO THE NORTH OF BRENHAM MUNICIPAL AIRPORT. THE TORNADO TRAVELED TO NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF FM262 AND CR65. IT DESTROYED SEVERAL SMALL METAL OUTBUILDINGS, REMOVED ROOF
13:20 UTCTSTM WND DMGBrenhamWashington, TXNUMEROUS TREES DOWN AND VEHICLE DAMAGE IN DOWNTOWN BRENHAM.
13:24 UTCTSTM WND DMGCollege StationBrazos, TXBUILDING WALL VENEER FELL DOWN AT TEXAS AVENUE AND UNIVERSITY.
13:24 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMGCollege StationBrazos, TXBUILDING WALL VENEER FELL DOWN AT TEXAS AVENUE AND UNIVERSITY.
14:00 UTCTSTM WND DMGBrenhamWashington, TXCOUNTY WIDE DAMAGE INCLUDING ROOF DAMAGE AND DOWNED POWER LINES.
14:00 UTCTSTM WND DMGCaldwellBurleson, TXBARN DAMAGE. ROOF AND STRUCTURE DAMAGE TO HOUSE ON CR 116 IN CALDWELL.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2012 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of January 25, 2012

24 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
January 252:58 AM CSTEF1Travis, TX1.150
January 254:15 AM CSTEF0Bexar, TX0.330
January 255:30 AM CSTEF0Bastrop, TX2.930$5,000
January 256:43 AM CSTEF1Burleson, TX2.350$200,000
January 258:00 AM CSTEF0Madison, TX0.550$10,000
January 259:06 AM CSTEF0Walker, TX0.450$50,000
January 259:09 AM CSTEF0Walker, TX0.225$30,000
January 2510:32 AM CSTEF1Rusk, TX1.51751$100,000
January 2510:47 AM CSTEF0Rusk, TX6.5100
January 2512:05 PM CSTEF0Brazoria, TX0.275$15,000
January 2512:10 PM CSTEF0Hardin, TX2.525$10,000
January 2512:28 PM CSTEF0Tyler, TX0.410$20,000
January 2512:45 PM CSTEF0Jasper, TX1.020$5,000
January 2512:57 PM CSTEF1Jasper, TX1.625$50,000
January 251:33 PM CSTEF0Vernon Parish, LA3.125$20,000
January 252:01 PM CSTEF0Sabine Parish, LA2.3150$50,000
January 252:14 PM CSTEF0Vernon Parish, LA1.640$20,000
January 253:02 PM CSTEF0Rapides Parish, LA1.820$50,000
January 253:15 PM CSTEF0Rapides Parish, LA0.920$40,000
January 253:52 PM CSTEF0Rapides Parish, LA1.425$100,000
January 254:27 PM CSTEF1Calcasieu Parish, LA5.825$100,000
January 256:21 PM CSTEF0Cameron Parish, LA0.110$10,000
January 256:49 PM CSTEF1Copiah, MS3.1350$10,000
January 257:58 PM CSTEF0Lafayette Parish, LA0.110$75,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.