Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2012

EF0 tornado, Wellington, Texas, April 30, 2012

This EF0 tornado ran 1.3 miles across Collingsworth County on April 30, 2012, touching down at 8:30 PM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
April 30, 2012
Touchdown
8:30 PM CDT (01:30 UTC)
Lifted
8:33 PM CDT (01:33 UTC)
On the ground
3 minutes
Path length
1.3 miles (2.0 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Collingsworth County
Touchdown point
34.745, -100.220
Lift-off point
34.747, -100.198
Record number
1204301930-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Severe thunderstorms producing large hail, thunderstorm wind gusts, flash flooding and a tornado moved across the southern and eastern Texas Panhandle during the evening hours. The only damage reported was from flash flooding and large hail across the southeastern Texas Panhandle. No injuries or fatalities were reported.

A tornado touched down just west of U.S. Highway 83 at 1930CST or approximately seven and one quarter mile south of Wellington, Texas in extreme southern Collingsworth county. The tornado was on the ground for one and one quarter miles and had a maximum path width of one hundred and fifty yards. The tornado dissipated at 1933CST and there were no reports of damage or injuries. The tornado was rated an EF0 with maximum wind speeds around sixty-five knots.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Amarillo, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Apr 30, 6:51 PM CDT, 1 hour 39 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 30, 6:51 PM CDT, 1 hour 39 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
651 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

.AVIATION...
FOR THE 00Z TAFS...BIGGEST CONCERN WILL BE TH POTENTIAL FOR TSRA
THROUGH 06Z ESPECIALLY AT KAMA AND KGUY. SATELLITE TRENDS SHOW THAT
MOST OF THE CUMULUS FIELD HAS DIMINISHED OVER THE LAST HOUR...AND THE
STORMS ARE WEST OF KAMA. HOWEVER...THERE IS A CONCERN THAT STORMS
REDEVELOP AS THE DRYLINE PUSHES BACK WEST AFTER SUNSET. SO WILL
MENTION A VCTS AT BOTH KAMA AND KGUY FROM 03Z THROUGH 05Z...BUT STILL
CONSIDERABLE UNCERTAINTY. OTHERWISE EXPECT VFR CONDITIONS THROUGH THE
TAF PERIOD.

JOHNSON
&&

.PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 609 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012/

UPDATE...
UPDATED GRIDS AND PUBLIC PRODUCTS TO ACCOUNT FOR NEW TORNADO WATCH
ISSUED FOR ABOUT HALF OF THE FCST AREA. SVR TSTM WATCH ISSUED EARLIER
REMAINS VALID FOR COUNTIES OUTSIDE TORNADO WATCH.

ANDRADE

PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 330 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012/

DISCUSSION...
VERY UNSTABLE AIRMASS OVERHEAD AT THIS TIME.  12Z RAOB FROM AMARILLO
SUGGESTED LIFTED INDEX OF -9 WITH HUGE CAPE AFTER LOWER 80S ATTAINED.
DRYLINE POSITIONED TO WEST OF FORECAST AREA.  A COUPLE OF 700 MB
VORTICITY MAXIMA WILL ASSIST IN THE RELEASE OF INSTABILITY.  FORECAST
CALLS FOR ISOLATED TO SCATTERED SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING...
WITH MOST OF ACTIVITY CONFINED TO EASTERN ZONES BY MIDNIGHT.  VERY
LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS EXPECTED TO BE PRIMARY THREATS THIS
EVENING.

NOT MANY CHANGES MADE TO EARLIER FORECAST...EXCEPT TO INTRODUCE
SLIGHT CHANCE THUNDERSTORMS IN FAR EASTERN ZONES TUESDAY AFTERNOON
AND EVENING...DUE TO EXPECTED LOCATION OF DRYLINE AND INSTABILITY
AXIS.  NO POPS IN LATER PERIODS.  03

COCKRELL

FIRE WEATHER...
ELEVATED FIRE WEATHER CONDTIONS WILL BE POSSIBLE ACROSS WESTERN
SECTIONS OF THE PANHANDLES TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY AS DRY SOUTHWEST
WINDS INCREASE.  DAILY RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES THURSDAY AND BEYOND
WILL FALL WELL BELOW 20 PERCENT...BUT EXCESSIVE WINDS ARE NOT
EXPECTED.  03

&&

.AMA WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
TX...NONE.
OK...NONE.

&&

16/02
Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 30, 6:46 PM CDT, 1 hour 44 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK...UPDATED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
646 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

OKZ001>003-TXZ001>020-011100-
CIMARRON-TEXAS-BEAVER-DALLAM-SHERMAN-HANSFORD-OCHILTREE-LIPSCOMB-
HARTLEY-MOORE-HUTCHINSON-ROBERTS-HEMPHILL-OLDHAM-POTTER-CARSON-
GRAY-WHEELER-DEAF SMITH-RANDALL-ARMSTRONG-DONLEY-COLLINGSWORTH-
646 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR THE TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA
PANHANDLES.

.DAY ONE...TONIGHT.

ISOLATED TO SCATTERED SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED THROUGH THIS
EVENING ACROSS ALL OF THE TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA PANHANDLES. A SEVERE
THUNDERSTORM WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR THE WESTERN AND CENTRAL OKLAHOMA
PANHANDLE AS WELL AS THE WESTERN SECTIONS OF THE TEXAS PANHANDLE
UNTIL 11 PM. IN ADDITION...A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR THE
EASTERN OKLAHOMA PANHANDLE AND THE SOUTH CENTRAL AND EASTERN TEXAS
PANHANDLE UNTIL 2 AM TUESDAY. THE PRIMARY HAZARDS WITH ANY STORMS
WILL BE HAIL UP TO THE SIZE OF BASEBALLS AND DAMAGING WINDS UP TO 70
MPH. IN ADDITION...ISOLATED TORNADOES WILL BE POSSIBLE THIS
EVENING...ESPECIALLY IN THE TORNADO WATCH AREA. LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN
WILL ALSO BE POSSIBLE WITH ANY OF THE THUNDERSTORMS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY.

THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE TUESDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING ACROSS
THE EASTERN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA PANHANDLES. SOME STORMS MAY BECOME
STRONG...WITH SMALL HAIL AND GUSTY WINDS THE PRIMARY HAZARDS.

ELEVATED FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE POSSIBLE ACROSS THE WESTERN HALF
OF THE PANHANDLES ON TUESDAY AND THE WESTERN HALF OF THE TEXAS
PANHANDLE ON WEDNESDAY DUE TO STRONG WINDS AND LOW AFTERNOON RELATIVE
HUMIDITY VALUES.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

EMERGENCY MANAGERS AND SPOTTER GROUPS ACROSS THE PANHANDLES SHOULD
BE READY OR ACTIVATION THIS EVENING.

AREA FIRE MANAGERS AND EMERGENCY OFFICIALS SHOULD BE ALERT FOR
POSSIBLE ELEVATED FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS ACROSS WESTERN SECTIONS OF
THE PANHANDLES TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY.

ANDRADE

In the hours before

Local storm report, Apr 30, 7:57 PM CDT, 33 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
757 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0756 PM     HAIL             4 W CLARENDON           34.94N 100.96W
04/30/2012  E2.50 INCH       DONLEY             TX   BROADCAST MEDIA

&&

EVENT NUMBER AMA1200380

SFJ
Local storm report, Apr 30, 7:58 PM CDT, 32 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
758 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0757 PM     HAIL             1 NW CLARENDON          34.95N 100.90W
04/30/2012  E2.50 INCH       DONLEY             TX   STORM CHASER

&&

EVENT NUMBER AMA1200381

SFJ
Local storm report, Apr 30, 8:07 PM CDT, 23 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
807 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0806 PM     HAIL             CLARENDON               34.94N 100.89W
04/30/2012  E1.50 INCH       DONLEY             TX   STORM CHASER

&&

EVENT NUMBER AMA1200383

SFJ
Local storm report, Apr 30, 8:08 PM CDT, 22 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
808 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0755 PM     HAIL             10 NW CLARENDON         35.04N 101.02W
04/30/2012  E2.00 INCH       DONLEY             TX   BROADCAST MEDIA

            THIS HAIL FELL IN ASHTOLA.

&&

EVENT NUMBER AMA1200384

EA
Local storm report, Apr 30, 8:13 PM CDT, 17 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
813 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0812 PM     HAIL             HOWARDWICK              35.04N 100.91W
04/30/2012  E1.75 INCH       DONLEY             TX   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

EVENT NUMBER AMA1200385

ABM
Local storm report, Apr 30, 8:27 PM CDT, 3 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AMARILLO TX
827 PM CDT MON APR 30 2012

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0820 PM     HAIL             5 NE CLARENDON          34.99N 100.83W
04/30/2012  E1.75 INCH       DONLEY             TX   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

EVENT NUMBER AMA1200386

SFJ

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Amarillo Airport, TX (KAMA), 00:00Z

1.5 hours before the tornado, 146 km from the path. May 1, 2012.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Amarillo Airport, TX at 00:00Z on 2012-05-01Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -1280, lifted condensation level 2953 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Amarillo Airport, TX at 00:00Z on 2012-05-01The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 35 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 53 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-1280 J/kg
Surface CAPE
916 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2953 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
53 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
4 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
35 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
266 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
7.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Childress Municipal (CDS), 35 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:00 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Altus AFB radar (KFDR), 121 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 01:30 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2012 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 30, 2012

22 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 301:56 AM CDTEF0Hickory, MO1.2100$5,000
April 305:38 PM CDTEF0Clark, KS0.475
April 305:52 PM CDTEF0Ford, KS0.025
April 305:57 PM CDTEF0Edwards, KS0.375
April 306:39 PM CDTEF0Kiowa, KS0.750
April 307:12 PM CDTEF0Kiowa, KS0.675
April 307:34 PM CDTEF0Alfalfa, OK0.120
April 307:40 PM CDTEF0Alfalfa, OK3.230
April 307:45 PM CDTEF2Comanche, KS2.6200
April 308:10 PM CDTEF0Nowata, OK0.150
April 308:12 PM CDTEF1Nowata, OK0.275
April 308:13 PM CDTEF1Grant, OK16.0300
April 308:25 PM CDTEF0Nowata, OK0.150
April 308:33 PM CDTEF0Nowata, OK0.275$5,000
April 308:59 PM CDTEF1Nowata, OK1.5200$2,000
April 309:06 PM CDTEF1Grant, OK1.050
April 309:10 PM CDTEF1Grant, OK14.0400
April 309:29 PM CDTEF1Grant, OK12.0200
April 3010:05 PM CDTEF0Craig, OK1.075
April 3010:07 PM CDTEF1Kay, OK2.050
April 3010:25 PM CDTEF1Kay, OK7.0100
April 3012:42 AM CDTEF1Nowata, OK6.5300$10,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.