Tornadoes · United States · Texas · 2004

F0 tornado, Harris County, Texas, May 1, 2004

This F0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Harris County on May 1, 2004, touching down at 10:00 AM CDT and reaching 20 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
May 1, 2004
Touchdown
10:00 AM CDT (15:00 UTC)
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
20 yards (18 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Harris County
Touchdown point
29.900, -95.070
Lift-off point
29.900, -95.070
Record number
1249

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
13:43 UTC15:30 UTCFlash Flood WarningHGX
13:50 UTC14:30 UTCTornado WarningHGX
16:58 UTC19:00 UTCFlash Flood WarningHGX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 12:29 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Houston/Galveston, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at May 1, 10:00 AM CDT, 0 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 1, 10:00 AM CDT, 0 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
10 AM CDT SAT MAY 1 2004

.DISCUSSION...
HAVE MADE A QUICK UPDATE TO ZONES TO ACCOUNT FOR THE NEW TORNADO
WATCH. TOA#143 COVERS THE COASTAL/NEAR COASTAL COUNTIES OF SE TX
UNTIL 3PM. HOWEVER...NOT ANTICIPATING THE WATCH TO HOLD OVER THE
CWFA THROUGH THE OFFICAL END TIME.  KEEPING THE FFA UP FOR THE
TIME BEING AS WELL. ADDITIONAL TWEAKING OF ZONES PROBABLY IN THE
WORKS THIS AFTN TO ACCOUNT FOR WINDS/TEMPS. 41/45/42

&&

.HGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
TORNADO WATCH COASTAL/NEAR COASTAL ZONES OF SE TX UNTIL 3 PM.
FLOOD WATCH ALL OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS THROUGH 6 PM.
SCA ALL WATERS THIS AFTERNOON.
&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POP...
COLLEGE STATION (CLL) 72 52 75 50 79 / 80 30 00 00 00
HOUSTON (IAH)         76 56 75 50 79 / 80 60 00 00 00
GALVESTON (GLS)       75 61 74 60 78 / 80 70 10 00 00
&&
Hazardous weather outlook, May 1, 5:13 AM CDT, 4 hours 47 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
513 AM CDT SAT MAY 1 2004

TXZ163-164-176>179-195>200-210>214-226-227-235>238-021200-
AUSTIN-BRAZORIA-BRAZOS-BURLESON-CHAMBERS-COLORADO-FORT BEND-GALVESTON-
GRIMES-HARRIS-HOUSTON-JACKSON-LIBERTY-MADISON-MATAGORDA-MONTGOMERY-
POLK-SAN JACINTO-TRINITY-WALKER-WALLER-WASHINGTON-WHARTON-
513 AM CDT SAT MAY 1 2004

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS AND LOCALLY HEAVY RAINFALL POSSIBLE ACROSS
SOUTHEAST TEXAS TODAY...

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT.
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS WILL SWEEP THROUGH SOUTHEAST TEXAS TODAY
AHEAD OF A COLD FRONT. STRONG TO SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS AND LOCALLY
HEAVY RAINFALL ARE POSSIBLE WITH THESE STORMS. THE MAIN SEVERE
WEATHER THREAT WILL BE STRONG DAMAGING WINDS AND LARGE HAIL.
ISOLATED TORNADOES WILL ALSO BE POSSIBLE WITH THE STRONGER
THUNDERSTORMS. RAINFALL AMOUNTS OF 1 TO 2 INCHES WITH ISOLATED 3 TO
4 INCH TOTALS WILL BE POSSIBLE. THE ACTIVITY IS EXPECTED TO MOVE OFF
TO THE EAST THIS EVENING ENDING THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AND LOCALLY
HEAVY RAINFALL THREAT.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.
NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS ANTICIPATED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...
SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED THIS MORNING AND THIS AFTERNOON.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, May 1, 9:48 AM CDT, 12 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HOUSTON/GALVESTON TX
948 AM CDT SAT MAY 1 2004

GMZ330-335-350-355-370-375-TXZ200-213-214-226-227-235>238-012000-
BRAZORIA-CHAMBERS-FORT BEND-GALVESTON-GALVESTON BAY-HARRIS-JACKSON-
LIBERTY-MATAGORDA-MATAGORDA BAY-
WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL 20 NM TO 60 NM-
WATERS FROM FREEPORT TO THE MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL OUT 20 NM-
WATERS FROM HIGH ISLAND TO FREEPORT 20 NM TO 60 NM-
WATERS FROM HIGH ISLAND TO FREEPORT OUT 20 NM-WHARTON-
948 AM CDT SAT MAY 1 2004

...TORNADO WATCH HAS BEEN ISSUED FOR THE SOUTHERN AND COASTAL
PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS UNTIL 300 PM CDT...

THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A TORNADO WATCH FOR THE
FOLLOWING SOUTHEAST TEXAS COUNTIES...BRAZORIA...CHAMBERS...FORT
BEND...GALVESTON...HARRIS...JACKSON...LIBERTY...MATAGORDA AND
WHARTON.

THIS TORNADO WATCH REPLACES THE TORNADO WATCH THAT WAS PREVIOUSLY IN
EFFECT FOR ALL OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS UNTIL 1000 AM CDT.

A WARM AND UNSTABLE AIR MASS IS IN PLACE OVER THE AREA...ALLOWING
THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP OVER THE COASTAL WATERS AND ADJACENT LAND
AREAS. WIND FIELDS ARE FAVORABLE FOR ISOLATED TORNADOES WITH THE
STRONGEST STORMS. IN ADDITION TO THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT...LOCALLY
HEAVY RAINFALL MAY LEAD TO FLOODING...AND A FLOOD WATCH IS IN EFFECT
FOR ALL OF SOUTHEAST TEXAS UNTIL 600 PM CDT.

STAY TUNED TO YOUR LOCAL RADIO OR TELEVISION STATION...NOAA WEATHER
RADIO...OR VISIT OUR WEB SITE AT WWW.SRH.NOAA.GOV/HGX FOR MORE
INFORMATION.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 12:00Z

3.0 hours before the tornado, 182 km from the path. May 1, 2004.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2004-05-01Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 326 joules per kilogram, CIN -239, lifted condensation level 978 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 12:00Z on 2004-05-01The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 153 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 43 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
326 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-239 J/kg
Surface CAPE
172 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
978 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
43 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
153 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
263 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
9.3
0-3 km lapse rate
4.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Lake Charles Mun, LA (KLCH), 00:00Z

9.0 hours after it, 182 km from the path. May 2, 2004.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2004-05-02Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -38484, lifted condensation level 899 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lake Charles Mun, LA at 00:00Z on 2004-05-02The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 63 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 39 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-38484 J/kg
Surface CAPE
10 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
899 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
39 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
18 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
63 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-95 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Houston radar (KHGX), 48 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 15:02 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2004 tornado in TexasEvery tornado in Texas since 1950Warnings in force in Texas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 1, 2004

9 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 11:00 AM CDTF0Boone, AR3.525
May 14:24 AM CDTF1Wayne, MO0.250$10,000
May 18:45 AM CDTF1Harris, TX0.5451$280,000
May 19:12 AM CDTF0Harris, TX0.120
May 13:10 PM CDTF0Hancock, IA3.050
May 13:43 PM CDTF1Jefferson Davis, MS9.0300$30,000
May 14:02 PM CDTF1Covington, MS0.775$30,000
May 14:03 PM CDTF1Walthall, MS9.0100$70,000
May 14:32 PM CDTF1Jefferson Davis, MS6.0100$10,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.