Tornadoes · United States · South Dakota · 2002

F0 tornado, Reva, South Dakota, August 8, 2002

This F0 tornado ran 1.0 miles across Harding County on August 8, 2002, touching down at 2:34 PM MDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
August 8, 2002
Touchdown
2:34 PM MDT (20:34 UTC)
Path length
1.0 miles (1.6 km)
Path width
25 yards (23 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Harding County
Touchdown point
45.650, -103.230
Lift-off point
45.650, -103.220
Record number
236

What the Weather Service recorded

A storm chaser saw a tornado form and persist for 3 minutes over open prairie in eastern Harding County. The storm left no damage or debris.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
02:44 UTC03:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNR
03:53 UTC05:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNR
20:09 UTC21:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNR

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 20:17 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Rapid City, SD wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Aug 8, 1:55 PM MDT, 39 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Aug 8, 1:55 PM MDT, 39 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION FOR WESTERN SD AND NORTHEASTERN WY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
155 PM MDT THU AUG 8 2002

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH ENTIRE AREA EXCEPT CAMPBELL COUNTY
WYOMING THIS EVENING...
VIGOROUS PACIFIC SHORT WAVE MOVING INTO THE NORTHERN PLAINS THIS
AFTERNOON WILL CONTINUE TO PRODUCE INTENSE THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY AS
IT MOVES OUT OF SOUTHERN MONTANA INTO NORTHEAST WYOMING AND WESTERN
SOUTH DAKOTA. FORECAST HODOGRAPHS INDICATE A PREFERENCE FOR LINEAR
ORGANIZATION...STRONG WINDS AND LARGE HAIL. THE WINDS ARE OF
PARTICULAR CONCERN FOR NWRN SD...N AND NE OF THE BLACK HILLS...SINCE
THE SHORT WAVE WILL CONTRIBUTE 50+ MPH WIND SPEEDS TO THE MID LEVELS
OF THE ATMOSPHERE ACROSS WRN SD BY MIDNIGHT.  SEVERE WEATHER
OPERATIONS IN PROGRESS AT UNR.

ONLY MINOR ADJUSTMENTS WERE MADE TO LATER PERIODS OF THE PACKAGE. A
SOMEWHAT UNSTABLE NW FLOW WILL KEEP THE WEATHER MODERATELY ACTIVE
THROUGH THE END OF THE WEEK...THEN LARGE SCALE SUBSIDENCE AND DRY
AIR WILL PROVIDE A RESPITE FROM MIDDAY SATURDAY THROUGH SUNDAY.
SUMMERTIME HEATING AND A WEAK MID LEVEL SHORT WAVE WILL PRODUCE SOME
WEATHER MON AND TUE...WITH FAIR SKIES DOMINATING WED AND THU.

.UNR...NONE.

CARPENTER

In the hours before

Local storm report, Aug 8, 11:31 AM MDT, 3 hours 3 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
1131 AM MDT THU AUG 08 2002

TIME(MDT)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0945 PM    3 NW FAIRPT               SD   65 MPH TSTM GUST
08/07/02   MEADE                          REPORTED BY PUBLIC.

1000 PM    1 S REVA                  SD    MPH TSTM GUST
08/07/02   HARDING                        EVENT DURATION 30
                                          MINUTES. REPORTED BY
                                          STORM SPOTTER.

1003 PM    ZEONA                     SD   70 MPH TSTM GUST
08/07/02   PERKINS                        REPORTED BY PUBLIC.

1030 PM    PRAIRIE CITY              SD   60 MPH TSTM GUST
08/07/02   PERKINS                        REPORTED BY STORM
                                          SPOTTER.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Rapid City, SD (KUNR), 12:00Z

8.6 hours before the tornado, 178 km from the path. August 8, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Rapid City, SD at 12:00Z on 2002-08-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 165 joules per kilogram, CIN -154, lifted condensation level 1511 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Rapid City, SD at 12:00Z on 2002-08-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 83 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 19 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
165 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-154 J/kg
Surface CAPE
226 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1511 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
15 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
83 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
89 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Rapid City, SD (KUNR), 00:00Z

3.4 hours after it, 178 km from the path. August 9, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Rapid City, SD at 00:00Z on 2002-08-09Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -88010, lifted condensation level 2356 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Rapid City, SD at 00:00Z on 2002-08-09The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 123 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 41 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-88010 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2356 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
41 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
123 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
504 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2002 tornado in South DakotaEvery tornado in South Dakota since 1950Warnings in force in South Dakota nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 8, 2002

1 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 87:55 PM CDTF1Traill, ND8.025

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.