Tornadoes · United States · North Dakota · 2002

F0 tornado, Lawton to Lankin, North Dakota, August 23, 2002

From Lawton to Lankin, this F0 tornado ran 2.0 miles across Ramsey and Walsh counties on August 23, 2002, touching down at 7:20 PM CDT and reaching 25 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
August 23, 2002
Touchdown
7:20 PM CDT (00:20 UTC)
Path length
2.0 miles (3.2 km)
Path width
25 yards (23 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Counties
Ramsey and Walsh counties
Touchdown point
48.320, -98.330
Lift-off point
48.320, -98.270
Record number
819

What the Weather Service recorded

This tornado crossed into Walsh county.

This tornado originated in Ramsey county.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

16 minutes of warning. NWS FGF issued a tornado warning for this county at 00:04 UTC, 16 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:45 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:32 UTC00:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningFGF
23:32 UTC00:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningFGF
00:04 UTC00:45 UTCTornado WarningFGF
00:04 UTC00:45 UTCTornado WarningFGF
00:41 UTC01:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningFGF

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 20:40 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Grand Forks, ND wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Aug 23, 1:09 PM CDT, 6 hours 11 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Aug 23, 1:09 PM CDT, 6 hours 11 minutes before
FORECAST DISCUSSION FOR EASTERN NORTH DAKOTA AND NORTHWEST MINNESOTA
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE EASTERN ND/GRAND FORKS ND
109 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

...FORECAST CHALLENGE WILL BE PRECIPITATION CHANCES OVERNIGHT...

.CURRENT OBSERVATIONS...
WEAK SURFACE FRONT LOCATED WELL NORTH OF THE BORDER AND IS SLOWLY
MOVING SOUTH. SHORT WAVE EVIDENT ON WATER VAPOR IMAGERY ALONG AND
AHEAD OF FRONT. A FEW LIGHTNING STRIKES HAVE BEEN NOTED ALONG FRONT.
DEWPOINTS ACROSS AREA REMAIN IN THE MID 60S WITH ALL MODELS
UNDERDOING THE LOW LEVEL MOISTURE.

.SHORT TERM...
MAIN CHALLENGE IS THUNDER OVERNIGHT. SOME LOW LEVEL MOISTURE PRESENT
BUT LIMITED ABOVE THIS LAYER. SOME WEAK SURFACE/850MB CONVERGENCE
AND INSTABILITY TONIGHT. WILL PUT ISOLATED MENTION ACROSS MUCH OF
THE FORECAST AREA(FA) WITH SLIGHTLY HIGHER POPS ACROSS NORTHWEST
MINNESOTA.

.MID TERM...
WEAK SURFACE HIGH WILL PUSH FRONT SOUTH OF FA ON SATURDAY AND WILL
KEEP PRECIPITATION OUT OF THE REGION UNTIL SUNDAY NIGHT. BY SUNDAY
NIGHT...UPPER LEVEL LOW EJECTS OUT OF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST AND INTO
THE NORTHERN HIGH PLAINS. SEVERAL WAVES EXPECTED TO ROTATE AROUND
SYSTEM AND WILL BRING CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS TO THE RED RIVER
VALLEY AND AREAS WEST INTO MONDAY...HOWEVER MOISTURE WILL BE LIMITED
WITH A BLOCKING PATTERN TO THE SOUTH.

.EXTENDED FORECAST...
ECMWF IS ODD MODEL OUT IS SHOWING AMPLIFYING UPR LOW AND COLD AIR
DROPPING SOUTHEAST TOWARD NRN MN BY 12Z THU.  NCEP
ENSEMBLES/NOGAPS/MRF/CANADIAN ALL GO AGAINST THIS SHOWING MAIN POLAR
JET AND COLD AIR WELL NORTH ACROSS NRN CANADA WITH MUCH WEAKER 50H
SYSTEMS DROPPING THRU NRN PLAINS TUE-WED TIME FRAME.  CANADIAN AND
NOGAPS ARE EVEN WEAKER THAN THE MRF AND WOULD IMPLY ONLY SMALL
CHANCES OF PCPN TUE-WED VERSUS HEAVIER QPF OF MRF.  BELIEVE THIS MAY
BE RIGHT.  WILL HOWEVER STILL KEEP CHC IN PER CURRENT EXTENDED FOR
TUE-WED...THEN DRY THU-FRI AND STILL MILD WITH NEAR NORMAL TEMPS.

.FGF...NONE
DONAVON/RIDDLE

In the hours before

Local storm report, Aug 23, 6:30 PM CDT, 50 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND FORKS, ND
630 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION.....STATE   ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0628 PM    2 E MOUNTAIN              ND   1.00 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   PEMBINA

JH
Local storm report, Aug 23, 6:32 PM CDT, 48 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND FORKS, ND
632 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION.....STATE   ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0620 PM    5 NW BISBEE               ND   .75 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   TOWNER                         REPORTED BY CO-OP OBSERVER.

0630 PM    3 S MOUNTAIN              ND   TORNADO
08/23/02   PEMBINA                        REPORTED BY CO-OP OBSERVER.

DPORTER
Local storm report, Aug 23, 6:40 PM CDT, 40 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND FORKS, ND
640 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION.....STATE   ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0635 PM    2 E MOUNTAIN              ND   2.00 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   PEMBINA                        REPORTED BY CO-OP
                                          OBSERVER.

DPORTER
Local storm report, Aug 23, 6:53 PM CDT, 27 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND FORKS, ND
653 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION.....STATE   ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0600 PM    2 NE CONCRETE             ND   .88 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   PEMBINA                        REPORTED BY PUBLIC.

0615 PM    5 NW BISBEE               ND   .75 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   TOWNER                         HAIL FELL FOR 15 MINUTES

DPORTER
Local storm report, Aug 23, 6:56 PM CDT, 24 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND FORKS, ND
656 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION.....STATE   ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0650 PM    2 NW CRYSTAL              ND   1.75 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   PEMBINA                        REPORTED BY CO-OP
                                          OBSERVER.

DPORTER
Local storm report, Aug 23, 7:08 PM CDT, 12 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND FORKS, ND
708 PM CDT FRI AUG 23 2002

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION.....STATE   ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0702 PM    HOOPLE                    ND   .75 INCH HAIL
08/23/02   WALSH                          REPORTED BY FIRE
                                          DEPARTMENT.

DPORTER

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Bismarck Municip, ND (KBIS), 00:00Z

0.3 hours before the tornado, 249 km from the path. August 24, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Bismarck Municip, ND at 00:00Z on 2002-08-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 815 joules per kilogram, CIN -75, lifted condensation level 1999 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Bismarck Municip, ND at 00:00Z on 2002-08-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 20 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 17 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
815 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-75 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1011 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1999 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
6 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
20 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
16 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
8.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Bismarck Municip, ND (KBIS), 12:00Z

11.7 hours after it, 249 km from the path. August 24, 2002.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Bismarck Municip, ND at 12:00Z on 2002-08-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 865 joules per kilogram, CIN -129, lifted condensation level 1332 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Bismarck Municip, ND at 12:00Z on 2002-08-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -9 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 6 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
865 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-129 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1332 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
6 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
3 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-9 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
13 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Fargo/Grand Forks radar (KMVX), 114 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 00:22 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2002 tornado in North DakotaEvery tornado in North Dakota since 1950Warnings in force in North Dakota nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 23, 2002

3 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 235:15 PM ESTF1Putnam, IN0.150$200,000
August 236:30 PM CDTF0Pembina, ND0.225
August 238:06 PM CDTF0Jones, IA0.110

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.