Tornadoes · United States · Nebraska · 2003

F0 tornado, Greeley to Spalding, Nebraska, April 18, 2003

From Greeley to Spalding, this F0 tornado ran 2.0 miles across Greeley County on April 18, 2003, touching down at 6:24 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $70,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
April 18, 2003
Touchdown
6:24 PM CDT (23:24 UTC)
Path length
2.0 miles (3.2 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$70,000
County
Greeley County
Touchdown point
41.620, -98.530
Lift-off point
41.650, -98.530
Record number
791

What the Weather Service recorded

The severe thunderstorm which had spawned some brief tornados earlier was to blame for a short path tornado centered about 6 miles north of Greeley. The tornado upset 2 center irrigation pivots and damaged a shelter belt.

Another tornado set down west of Spalding and overturned a brand new center irrigation pivot in its path.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

28 minutes of warning. NWS GID issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:56 UTC, 28 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:45 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
22:56 UTC23:45 UTCTornado WarningGID

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 19:50 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Hastings, NE wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Apr 18, 2:30 PM CDT, 3 hours 54 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 18, 2:30 PM CDT, 3 hours 54 minutes before
SOUTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA/NORTH CENTRAL KANSAS FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HASTINGS NE
230 PM CDT FRI APR 18 2003

AS THOUGHT YESTERDAY...FIRST SHORTWAVE THROUGH AND FIRST BATCH OF
CONVECTION INTO OMA AREA...AND NEXT...SFC AND UPR WAVE WEST OF
OFFICE WITH 1MB PR PRESSURE DROPS AND LOW LOOKING TO MOVE OVR NRN
HALF OF CWA. NOTHING ELSE HAS REALLY CHANGED MUCH...WITH MID 50 DPTS
SHOWING ACROSS KANSAS COUNTIES WITH DRY PUSH WEST OF COUNTIES MOVING
THIS WAY. SUNSHINE INFILTRATING SWRN PORTION OF FA WITH SFC TEMPS
INTO 60S OVR KS AREA. EXCELLENT LL INSTABILITY WITH =8
LAPSE...HOWEVER MID LVL RATES FALL OFF SOMEWHAT. CONVECTION STARTING
JUST WEST OF PHILLIPS AND ROOKS COUNTIES WITH NEW BATCH OF SHOWERS
STARTING UP IN LBFS ERN PORTION. STORM MOTION NNE NRN HALF AND ENE
SRN HALF. CLOUDS OVR NRN TWO THIRDS OF FA KEEPING LID ON THINGS
ELSEWHERE. HUGE LL SHEAR MOVING INTO CWA WITH EXTREMELY STRONG LL
ASCENT GOING ON. LL MOISTURE TRYING TO RETURN RAPIDLY INTO AREAS
FROM SSE AHEAD OF LOW. DRY AIR ALREADY MOVING INTO HLC AS THIS IS
WRITTEN. EXPECTING NEW BATCH OF TSRW TO START AND RIDE ACROSS NRN
CWA...ROUGHLY N OF I 80 THROUGH MID EVE...WITH STRONGER CONVECTION
OCCURRING AS TEMPS RISE WITH SUNSHINE SERN AND ERN ZONES. BEST CHC
FOR SEVERE ACTION LOOKS TO BE MOSTLY E AND SE OF FA...HOWEVER
COMBINATION OF INGREDIENTS...ESPECIALLY STRONG BOUNDARY LAYER SHEAR
WILL PUT CHANCE FOR ROUGH ACTION INITIATING FROM MITCHELL AND JEWELL
COUNTIES IN KS...UP THROUGH THAYER FILLMORE AND YORK COUNTIES IN NE.
WOULD SAY THAT MAIN THREAT WILL BE FROM HAIL TO AN INCH AND POSSIBLE
STRONG WIND WITH LCL RISING QUICKLY TO 4000 FT OR SO. ALSO POSSIBLE
ISO TOR CHANCES WITH EARLY STRONG CONVECTION AND SMALL SUPERCELL
FORMATION WHERE MOISTURE IS MORE PLENTIFUL...BUT AGAIN PROBABLY E
OR SE OF FA. OTHERWISE SHARP LINE OF STORMS LOOK TO LIGHT UP FROM S
TO N AND MAY CATCH OUR FAR ERN ZONES BEFORE RIDING INTO OMA AND TOP
AREA. SHOULD BE RATHER BRIEF SEVERE POTENTIAL FOR US HOWEVER...IF AT
ALL. OTHERWISE...MOST OF CWA EXCEPT FOR SWRN PORTION SHOULD HAVE
DECENT CHC FOR SHOWERS AND THUNDER...WITH BEST CHC FOR ACTUAL WATER
OVR NRN QUARTER.

NEXT WEEK AS WHOLE CONTINUES TO LOOK ACTIVE. PUT CHC FOR SERN HALF
CWA FOR LATER IN DAY SAT WITH TROUGH AXIS CONTINUING TO PULL OVR
REGION...AND EXTREMELY VOLATILE SITUATION SETTING SOUTH OF OUR
AREA...INTO SRN KS AND OK. CONVECTION LIKELY TO RIDE RIGHT UP AND
INTO AT LEAST SERN PORTION OF FA. ANOTHER CHC FOR SUN AFTERNOON EVE
WITH SHORTWAVE ENERGY MOVING IN OVR NERN ZONES AROUND BACKSIDE OF
TROUGH. THROUGH REST OF EXTENDED...NO REAL CHANGES OTHER THAN
STARTING CHANCES FOR PRECIP TUE WITH MORE SHORTWAVE ENERGY RIDING
OVERHEAD...BUT LIKELY ELEVATED PRECIP ONLY.

.GID...NONE.

10
Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 18, 11:59 AM CDT, 6 hours 25 minutes before
KSZ005>007-017>019-NEZ039>041-046>049-060>064-072>077-082>087-191200-

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HASTINGS NE
1159 AM CDT FRI APR 18 2003

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR SOUTH CENTRAL NEBRASKA AND
PARTS OF NORTH CENTRAL KANSAS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

A SURFACE LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM SITUATED IN SOUTHWEST NEBRASKA AT NOON
WILL MOVE EAST ACROSS THE STATE DURING THE AFTERNOON AND INTO THE
EVENING. THUNDERSTORMS MAY DEVELOP TO THE EAST AND SOUTHEAST OF THIS
LOW.  EXTENSIVE CLOUD COVER WILL HELP LIMIT INSTABILITY EARLY THIS
AFTERNOON...HOWEVER DRIER AIR WILL MOVE IN FROM THE SOUTHWEST
RESULTING IN SOME CLEARING SKIES AS THE AFTERNOON WEARS ON.

WIND SHEAR IN THE ATMOSPHERE WILL BE CONDUCIVE FOR SUPERCELL
DEVELOPMENT THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING...BUT AVAILABLE LOW LEVEL
MOISTURE WILL BE BETTER IN THE EASTERN PARTS OF NEBRASKA AND KANSAS.

STORM DEVELOPMENT IS POSSIBLE AFTER 3 PM...AND SOME OF THESE
STORMS COULD BECOME SEVERE...WITH LARGE HAIL BEING THE PRIMARY
SEVERE HAZARD. HAIL THE SIZE OF GOLFBALLS IS POSSIBLE MAINLY OVER
AREAS EAST OF HIGHWAY 281.  MINI SUPERCELL TORNADOES ARE POSSIBLE AS
WELL...ALTHOUGH THAT THREAT LOOKS TO BE FURTHER TO THE EAST OF THE
LISTENING AREA.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

STORM SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE REQUIRED THIS AFTERNOON AND THIS
EVENING...MAINLY FOR AREAS ALONG AND EAST OF ROUTE 281.

EWALD

In the hours before

Local storm report, Apr 18, 4:23 PM CDT, 2 hours 1 minute before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HASTINGS NE
420 PM CST FRI APR 18 2003

TIME(CST)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

420 AM     RURAL                     NE   TORNADO HWY 21
04/18/03   DAWSON                        MILE MARKER 40
                                         REPORTED BY STATE
                                         PATROL.
Local storm report, Apr 18, 4:30 PM CDT, 1 hour 54 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HASTINGS NE
430 PM CDT TUE APR 18 2003

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0424 PM    2N EDDYVILLE              NE   0.75 TO .88 HAIL
04/18/03   DAWSON                         REPORTED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT.
                                          AT HIGHWAY 21 AND
                                          BUFFALO ROAD.

10
Local storm report, Apr 18, 5:20 PM CDT, 1 hour 4 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HASTINGS NE
420 PM CST FRI APR 18 2003

TIME(CST)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

420 AM     RURAL                     NE   TORNADO HWY 21
04/18/03   DAWSON                        MILE MARKER 40
                                         REPORTED BY STATE
                                         PATROL.
Local storm report, Apr 18, 6:15 PM CDT, 9 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HASTINGS NE
615 PM CDT TUE APR 18 2003

TIME(CDT)  .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE  ...EVENT/REMARKS...
           ....COUNTY LOCATION....

0555 PM    2S NORTH LOUP             NE   0.75 HAIL
04/18/03   VALLEY                         REPORTED BY LOCAL
                                          FIRE CHIEF.

10

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE (KLBF), 12:00Z

11.4 hours before the tornado, 182 km from the path. April 18, 2003.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 12:00Z on 2003-04-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1 joules per kilogram, CIN 0, lifted condensation level 491 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 12:00Z on 2003-04-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 329 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 50 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Surface CAPE
8 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
491 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
50 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
31 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
329 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
414 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE (KLBF), 00:00Z

0.6 hours after it, 182 km from the path. April 19, 2003.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 00:00Z on 2003-04-19Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -2, lifted condensation level 820 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, N. Platte/Lee Bi, NE at 00:00Z on 2003-04-19The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -27 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 20 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-2 J/kg
Surface CAPE
57 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
820 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
20 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
12 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-27 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-40 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Grand Island radar (KUEX), 146 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:24 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2003 tornado in NebraskaEvery tornado in Nebraska since 1950Warnings in force in Nebraska nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 18, 2003

8 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 185:00 PM EDTF1Palm Beach, FL3.030
April 184:20 PM CDTF0Dawson, NE0.125
April 184:47 PM CDTF0Custer, NE2.020$20,000
April 184:56 PM CDTF0Custer, NE0.520$20,000
April 185:25 PM CDTF0Sherman, NE0.125
April 185:40 PM CDTF0Sherman, NE0.125
April 185:55 PM CDTF0Valley, NE0.125
April 186:40 PM CDTF0Greeley, NE3.550$40,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.