Tornadoes · United States · Mississippi · 2000

F2 tornado, Meridian, Mississippi, December 16, 2000

This F2 tornado ran 12.0 miles across Lauderdale County on December 16, 2000, touching down at 11:30 AM CST and reaching 440 yards wide. It killed nobody and injured 17, and did $2.1 million of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F2
Date
December 16, 2000
Touchdown
11:30 AM CST (17:30 UTC)
Path length
12.0 miles (19.3 km)
Path width
440 yards (402 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
17
Property damage
$2.1 million
County
Lauderdale County
Touchdown point
32.400, -88.670
Lift-off point
32.500, -88.500
Record number
620

What the Weather Service recorded

An F2 tornado caused major damage in the Marion and Dalewood Shore Lake communities, northeast of Meridian. Two houses and thirteen mobile homes were destroyed. Eleven houses and twelve mobile homes received major damage. Thirty-three houses and twenty-two mobile homes received minor damage. Three businesses were destroyed and one business had minor damage. Thousands of trees were blown down or snapped off, and numerous power poles and power lines were also downed. Seventeen people were injured, including one in critical condition.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 17:53 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Jackson, MS (KJAN), 12:00Z

5.5 hours before the tornado, 141 km from the path. December 16, 2000.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 2000-12-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 667 joules per kilogram, CIN -48, lifted condensation level 582 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 12:00Z on 2000-12-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 324 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 64 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
667 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-48 J/kg
Surface CAPE
422 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
582 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
64 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
324 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
320 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.3
Supercell composite
5.5
0-3 km lapse rate
4.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Jackson, MS (KJAN), 00:00Z

6.5 hours after it, 141 km from the path. December 17, 2000.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 2000-12-17Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 12 joules per kilogram, CIN -30, lifted condensation level 810 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 2000-12-17The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -90 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 90 knots.1939587897117136156175194214Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
12 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-30 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
810 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
90 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-90 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
21 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
7.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2000 tornado in MississippiEvery tornado in Mississippi since 1950Warnings in force in Mississippi nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of December 16, 2000

23 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
December 1610:34 AM CSTF2Geneva, AL4.510019$2.5 million
December 1611:00 AM CSTF2Dale, AL29.0170$5.0 million
December 1612:25 PM CSTF1Lawrence, AL5.130$100,000
December 1612:38 PM CSTF2Limestone, AL4.860$150,000
December 1612:54 PM CSTF4Tuscaloosa tornado, AL18.075011144$13 million
December 1612:55 PM CSTF0Walton, FL0.250$3,000
December 161:08 PM CSTF1Lincoln, TN1.550$50,000
December 161:24 PM CSTF2Holmes, FL3.0100$750,000
December 161:29 PM CSTF0Perry, AL0.730$4,000
December 161:50 PM CSTF1Jackson, FL5.070$300,000
December 162:20 PM CSTF2St. Clair, AL8.52002$170,000
December 162:46 PM CSTF3Etowah, AL12.850014$10 million
December 163:17 PM CSTF0Calhoun, AL0.320
December 164:50 PM ESTF2Dougherty, GA6.070$750,000
December 164:55 PM CSTF0Autauga, AL0.220
December 165:46 PM CSTF0Macon, AL0.750$10,000
December 166:19 PM CSTF0Randolph, AL1.040$10,000
December 169:30 PM ESTF2Sumter, GA10.0100$310,000
December 1610:10 PM ESTF0Abbeville, SC0.10
December 1612:00 AM ESTF0Cumberland, NC0.120
December 1612:10 AM ESTF0Harnett, NC0.120
December 1612:10 AM ESTF2Richmond, GA2.0608
December 1612:15 AM ESTF0Harnett, NC0.120

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.