Tornadoes · United States · Minnesota · 2010

EF2 tornado, Essig, Minnesota, June 25, 2010

This EF2 tornado ran 0.3 miles across Brown County on June 25, 2010, touching down at 5:55 PM CDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF2
Date
June 25, 2010
Touchdown
5:55 PM CDT (22:55 UTC)
Lifted
5:56 PM CDT (22:56 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.3 miles (0.5 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Brown County
Touchdown point
44.340, -94.660
Lift-off point
44.340, -94.654
Record number
1006251655-01

What the Weather Service recorded

During the morning of Friday June 25th, a small complex of thunderstorms developed across west-central Minnesota, and quickly moved eastward across southern Minnesota. Isolated severe weather occurred with these storms in west-central Minnesota during the morning hours. ||During the afternoon, a larger complex of storms developed across western Minnesota, and moved quickly across portions of central and southern Minnesota during the evening. Damage was extensive as several bow echoes, supercells, and squall lines raced across the area. There were numerous reports of structural damage to farms and homesteads, very large hail, and very large trees blown down. Softball to baseball size hail was reported near New Ulm, Minnesota, with several reports of wind damage throughout southern, and east-central Minnesota. ||Several significant tornadoes occurred in portions of south central Minnesota during the late afternoon, and early evening hours. ||Two separate severe storms moved across the Twin Cities area, one produced minor damage with hail in the late afternoon, but the second that occurred in the early evening caused more straight-line wind damage throughout the area, along with flash flooding.

Two farmsteads were hit near the intersection of 260th Street and County Road 10, with one receiving considerable damage. A barn was 2/3 destroyed, a harvestore silo was dented in about 70 feet off the ground, a corn crib was flattened, multiple wagons were displaced approximately 50 yards, and a wooden pole rated to 118 mph was cracked at the base.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:59 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Twin Cities, MN wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Jun 25, 3:37 PM CDT, 2 hours 18 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jun 25, 3:37 PM CDT, 2 hours 18 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
337 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

.DISCUSSION...

CONCERNS REVOLVE AROUND THE SEVERE THREAT BOTH THIS EVENING AND
AGAIN SATURDAY EVENING. STORMS ARE STARTING TO FIRE NORTH OF THE
STRONG CAPE/MULI GRADIENT OVER EASTERN SD AND WEST CENTRAL
MN...AND NEAR THE EDGE OF +12 700 MB TEMP. STRONG WARM ADVECTION
AND MOISTURE TRANSPORT INTO THIS BOUNDARY AND GRADIENT WILL
EVENTUALLY DEVELOP AN MCS TRACKING ESE ACROSS MAINLY SOUTHERN MN,
EARLY ON...SUPER CELLS LIKELY IN THE AREA OF STRONG PRESS FALLS
CO-LOCATED WITH THE VERY UNSTABLE REGIME IN SW MN AND EASTERN SD.

THOUGHT ABOUT A FLASH FLOOD WATCH FOR PARTS OF THE SOUTH BUT THE
COMPLEX SHOULD MOVE ALONG QUICKLY BUT CERTAINLY WITH THE
POSSIBILITY OF 2+ INCH LOCALIZED RAIN. MAY NEED SOME FLOOD
STATEMENTS THOUGH. THERE ARE STILL SOME DIFFERENCES IN THE
GUIDANCE TRENDS FOR LATER SATURDAY AND SATURDAY NIGHT. WONDER IF
THE GFS IS A LITTLE ROBUST WITH THE SUB 1000 MB LOW
MOVING/DEVELOPING INTO THE AREA. PREFER MORE OF A NAM /SREF
SOLUTION WITH A BOUNDARY AND WEAKER LOW OVER SOUTHERN MN. WILL
DEPEND AGAIN ON HOW FAR SOUTH ANY OUTFLOWS END UP TONIGHT. THE
UPPER JET MAY ALLOW MORE OF PROLONGED RIGHT ENTRANCE REGION OVER
THE AREA SATURDAY NIGHT...WHICH COULD BE A RISK FOR HEAVY RAIN.
HAVE ALSO OUTLINED AN AREA OF SEVERE OVER SOUTHERN MN LATE
SATURDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

THE SYSTEM APPEARS TO BE ON TRACK TO EXIT THE AREA ON
SUNDAY. THE BUILDING UPPER RIDGE STILL LOOKS TO GIVE US DRY
WEATHER FOR MOST OF NEXT WEEK. THE NAEFS METEOGRAMS AND GEFS POP
FIELDS SHOW A DECENT DRY PERIOD AS WELL.

&&

.AVIATION.../18Z TAF ISSUANCE/
WARM FRONT SEEMS TO BE DRAPED FROM EC SD ACROSS SRN MN... THROUGH
THERE IS SOME INDICATION OF BOUNDARY ALSO ACROSS CENTRAL MN PER
SPC MESOANALYSIS. SHOWERS GENERALLY ALONG AND NORTH/EAST OF COOLER
MID LEVEL TEMPS. FOR AVIATION PURPOSES...LOOKS LIKE SHOWERS WILL
CONTINUE FROM AXN/STC INTO WISC INTO MID AFTERNOON WITH A FEW
ISOLATED STORMS...THEN MUCH BETTER CHANCE OF THUNDER THROUGH MID
EVENING...TAPERING OFF FROM WEST TO EAST. RESIDUAL MOISTURE AND
LIGHT WINDS COULD BRING SOME MVFR CIGS AND VSBYS SATURDAY
MORNING... ESPECIALLY TO CENTRAL MN INTO WISC SITES.

KMSP...THERE IS A SMALL CHANCE OF THUNDER THE NEXT FEW HOURS BUT
PROBABILITY IS MUCH LOWER THAN LATE AFTERNOON INTO THE EVENING.
VCSH SHOULD SUFFICE FOR NOW IN WARM ADVECTION ZONE. AS FOR STRONG
WIND POTENTIAL IN STORMS LATE THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING...REMOVED
MENTION OF G45 MAINLY BECAUSE BEST CHANCE OF STRONG WIND SEEMS TO
BE LINING UP A LITTLE FARTHER SOUTH. MVFR CIGS/VSBYS POSSIBLE LATE
TONIGHT WITH LIGHT WINDS IN WAKE OF PRECIP.

&&

.MPX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MN...NONE.
WI...NONE.
&&

JPR/TDK
Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 25, 2:08 PM CDT, 3 hours 47 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK...UPDATED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
208 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

MNZ041>045-047>070-073>078-082>085-091>093-WIZ014>016-023>028-
261100-
DOUGLAS-TODD-MORRISON-MILLE LACS-KANABEC-STEVENS-POPE-STEARNS-
BENTON-SHERBURNE-ISANTI-CHISAGO-LAC QUI PARLE-SWIFT-CHIPPEWA-
KANDIYOHI-MEEKER-WRIGHT-HENNEPIN-ANOKA-RAMSEY-WASHINGTON-
YELLOW MEDICINE-RENVILLE-MCLEOD-SIBLEY-CARVER-SCOTT-DAKOTA-
REDWOOD-BROWN-NICOLLET-LE SUEUR-RICE-GOODHUE-WATONWAN-BLUE EARTH-
WASECA-STEELE-MARTIN-FARIBAULT-FREEBORN-POLK-BARRON-RUSK-
ST. CROIX-PIERCE-DUNN-PEPIN-EAU CLAIRE-
208 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL AND
SOUTHERN MINNESOTA...AND WEST CENTRAL WISCONSIN.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED ACROSS THE AREA DURING THE LATE
AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT. THE BEST CHANCE FOR TORNADOES WILL BE IN
WEST CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN MINNESOTA. LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING
WINDS ARE ALSO POSSIBLE ACROSS THE ENTIRE AREA. HEAVY RAINFALL IS
ALSO ANTICIPATED. A WARM FRONT EXTENDING FROM SOUTH DAKOTA INTO
SOUTHERN MINNESOTA WILL THE FOCUS FOR THE MOST SEVERE WEATHER.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THE FRONT IS EXPECTED TO LINGER IN THE AREA ON SATURDAY...WITH
THUNDERSTORM REDEVELOPMENT ANTICIPATED ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON AND
EVENING. ANOTHER ROUND OF SEVERE STORMS IS EXPECTED...WITH THE
POTENTIAL FOR DAMAGING WINDS...LARGE HAIL...AND A FEW TORNADOES.
HEAVY RAINFALL WILL ALSO BE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY ON SATURDAY
NIGHT.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SKYWARN SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL LIKELY BE NEEDED THIS AFTERNOON
AND EVENING AND AGAIN ON SATURDAY.

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jun 25, 5:36 PM CDT, 19 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
536 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0535 PM     HAIL             NW PRINSBURG            44.94N 95.19W
06/25/2010  M1.75 INCH       KANDIYOHI          MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

CEC
Local storm report, Jun 25, 5:39 PM CDT, 16 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
539 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0536 PM     HAIL             PLYMOUTH                45.02N 93.46W
06/25/2010  M1.00 INCH       HENNEPIN           MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

CEC
Local storm report, Jun 25, 5:44 PM CDT, 11 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
544 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0542 PM     HAIL             PLYMOUTH                45.02N 93.46W
06/25/2010  M0.88 INCH       HENNEPIN           MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

CEC
Local storm report, Jun 25, 5:47 PM CDT, 8 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
547 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0540 PM     HAIL             5 S FAIRFAX             44.46N 94.72W
06/25/2010  E4.25 INCH       NICOLLET           MN   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            HWY 4 AND COUNTY ROAD 5

&&

CEC
Local storm report, Jun 25, 5:50 PM CDT, 5 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
550 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0548 PM     HAIL             NEW HOPE                45.04N 93.39W
06/25/2010  E0.75 INCH       HENNEPIN           MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

CEC
Local storm report, Jun 25, 5:55 PM CDT, 0 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
555 PM CDT FRI JUN 25 2010

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0550 PM     FUNNEL CLOUD     N NEW ULM               44.31N 94.46W
06/25/2010                   BROWN              MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

0550 PM     FUNNEL CLOUD     NEW ULM                 44.31N 94.46W
06/25/2010                   BROWN              MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

CEC

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 12:00Z

10.9 hours before the tornado, 101 km from the path. June 25, 2010.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2010-06-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 38 joules per kilogram, CIN -225, lifted condensation level 1153 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2010-06-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 66 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 46 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
38 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-225 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1153 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
46 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
66 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
119 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), 00:00Z

1.1 hours after it, 101 km from the path. June 26, 2010.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 00:00Z on 2010-06-26Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1350 joules per kilogram, CIN -28, lifted condensation level 1067 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 00:00Z on 2010-06-26The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 166 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 48 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1350 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-28 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1672 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1067 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
166 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
350 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.6
Supercell composite
13.6
0-3 km lapse rate
6.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

New Ulm Municipal (ULM), 13 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:00 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Minneapolis radar (KMPX), 103 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:55 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2010 tornado in MinnesotaEvery tornado in Minnesota since 1950Warnings in force in Minnesota nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 25, 2010

21 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 253:57 PM CDTEF0Hardeman, TN0.750$25,000
June 254:55 PM CDTEF1Morton, ND1.650$200,000
June 255:35 PM CDTEF0Emmons, ND0.520
June 255:00 PM MDTEF0Cherry, NE0.920
June 256:30 PM CDTEF2Nicollet, MN4.375
June 256:55 PM CDTEF2Blue Earth, MN0.950
June 256:55 PM CDTEF1Redwood, MN2.8200
June 256:58 PM CDTEF1Blue Earth, MN4.375
June 257:05 PM CDTEF0Cottonwood, MN0.250
June 257:05 PM CDTEF2Blue Earth, MN1.940
June 257:05 PM CDTEF0Thomas, NE1.020
June 257:09 PM CDTEF0Blue Earth, MN0.350
June 258:10 PM CDTEF0Watonwan, MN0.910
June 258:19 PM CDTEF0Freeborn, MN0.930
June 258:38 PM CDTEF0Martin, MN0.430
June 259:53 PM CDTEF4Sibley–Little Rock tornado, IA13.780013$3.5 million
June 259:55 PM CDTEF1Lyon, IA1.2100$20,000
June 2510:45 PM CDTEF0Osceola, IA0.250
June 2510:53 PM CDTEF0Sioux, IA0.250
June 2511:05 PM CDTEF0O'Brien, IA0.6200
June 2511:42 PM CDTEF1O'Brien, IA3.3100$20,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.