Tornadoes · United States · Kansas · 2006

F0 tornado, Circleville to Robinson, Kansas, April 15, 2006

From Circleville to Robinson, this F0 tornado ran 11.0 miles across Jackson and Brown counties on April 15, 2006, touching down at 6:20 PM CDT and reaching 100 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $70,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
April 15, 2006
Touchdown
6:20 PM CDT (23:20 UTC)
Path length
11.0 miles (17.7 km)
Path width
100 yards (91 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$70,000
Counties
Jackson and Brown counties
Touchdown point
39.530, -95.820
Lift-off point
39.670, -95.580
Record number
377

What the Weather Service recorded

This F0 tornado touched down 3.5 miles northeast of Circleville, damaging some outbuildings and trees. It countinued moving northeast for 10 miles through Jackson County, passing through the northwest side of Netawaka before crossing into Brown County approximately 3 miles north of Whiting. At times it was 100 yards wide, and was spawned from a supercell thunderstorm. It caused approximately 75,000 dollars damage to outbuildings.

This F0 tornado moved 10 miles through Jackson County before crossing the border into Brown County 3 miles west of Horton. At times, it was 100 yards wide, and was spawned from a supercell thunderstorm. No damage was noted in Brown County.

This brief tornado touched down at 5:40pm cst 2 miles NW of Horton in Brown County and was on the ground for 1 mile before lifting 2.5 miles NNW of Horton at 5:43pm cst. It had a path width of 50 yards. The tornado destroyed 2 outbuildings, and caused minor damage to trees and a home along its 1 mile long path, with the damage estimated at $100,000. It was spawned from a supercell thunderstorm.

At 5:44pm cst, an F1 tornado touched down 1 mile south of Willis and travelled 4 miles before dissipating 3 miles east of Willis at 5:49pm cst. Just east of Willis, 4 well built outbuildings were destroyed on a farmstead. Several other outbuildings and trees were damaged by the tornado. Along it's 75 yard wide path, it is estimated to have caused $150,000 in damage. The parent thunderstorm was a supercell.

A brief tornado touchdown was noted 3 miles SSW of Robinson at 5:52pm cst from a supercell thunderstorm. It was 50 yards wide and remained on the ground for only one tenth of a mile. It caused about $25,000 of damage to a home and also damaged some trees before dissipating at 5:53pm cst. The parent thunderstorm also caused separate straight line wind damage in Robinson as well.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

30 minutes of warning. NWS TOP issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:50 UTC, 30 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:30 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 20:05 UTC and running to 00:32 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
20:05 UTC00:32 UTCTornado WatchTOP
22:42 UTC23:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOP
22:50 UTC23:30 UTCTornado WarningTOP
23:18 UTC00:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningTOP
23:25 UTC01:38 UTCWind AdvisoryTOP
23:27 UTC23:43 UTCTornado WarningTOP

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 20:20 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Topeka, KS (KTOP), 12:00Z

11.3 hours before the tornado, 67 km from the path. April 15, 2006.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Topeka, KS at 12:00Z on 2006-04-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 21 joules per kilogram, CIN -793, lifted condensation level 1648 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Topeka, KS at 12:00Z on 2006-04-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 184 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 40 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
21 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-793 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1648 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
16 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
184 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
294 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.3
0-3 km lapse rate
2.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Topeka, KS (KTOP), 00:00Z

0.7 hours after it, 67 km from the path. April 16, 2006.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Topeka, KS at 00:00Z on 2006-04-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1495 joules per kilogram, CIN -85, lifted condensation level 1459 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Topeka, KS at 00:00Z on 2006-04-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 439 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 71 knots.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1495 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-85 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1743 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1459 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
71 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
439 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
519 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
2.1
Supercell composite
8.5
0-3 km lapse rate
7.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Falls City/Brenn (FNB), 54 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
21:53 UTC7759140° 21 kt32990.9
22:00 UTC7759140° 21 kt32990.9
22:53 UTC7759140° 26 kt33989.8
23:00 UTC7759140° 26 kt33989.8
23:05 UTC78.859150° 22 kt35990.2
23:36 UTC75.262.6130° 25 kt31990.5
23:53 UTC7563130° 15 kt25990.5
00:00 UTC7563130° 15 kt25990.5
00:46 UTC69.860.8140° 15 kt990.9
00:53 UTC6960140° 11 kt990.9
01:00 UTC6960140° 11 kt990.9

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Topeka radar (KTWX), 81 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:18 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:36 UTCHAIL 1.256 S OnagaPottawatomie, KS
22:40 UTCTSTM WND GST 708 Wsw SenecaNemaha, KS
22:41 UTCTSTM WND GST 601 N CentraliaNemaha, KS
22:47 UTCTSTM WND GST 655 Sse SenecaNemaha, KS
22:50 UTCTORNADO2 E OnagaPottawatomie, KSBRIEF TOUCHDOWN REPORTED WITH NO DAMAGE.
22:51 UTCHAIL 11 W HavensvillePottawatomie, KS
23:13 UTCHAIL 25 Sse GoffNemaha, KS
23:30 UTCTSTM WND DMGNetawakaJackson, KSREPORT CALLED IN AT 645P...JACKSON COUNTY DISPATCH REPORTED UNKNOWN BUILDINGS DOWNED IN NETAWAKA. OFFICIALS HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO GET CLOSE ENOUGH TO THE TOWN TO EVALUATE THE DAMAGE AT THIS TIME. DISPATCH ALSO REPORTED P
23:30 UTCHAIL 0.886 Sw MayettaJackson, KS
23:38 UTCTORNADO2 E HortonBrown, KSFUNNEL CLOUD REACHING THE GROUND AT TIMES
23:38 UTCTORNADO2 W HortonBrown, KSFUNNEL CLOUD REACHING THE GROUND AT TIMES
23:40 UTCHAIL 1MayettaJackson, KS
23:40 UTCHAIL 1.255 Nne TopekaShawnee, KS
23:47 UTCTORNADOWillisBrown, KSOWNER OF HOUSE CALLED AFTER TORNADO WENT OVER HIS HOUSE...REPORTED LARGE PORTION OF HIS ROOF REMOVED...SEVERAL TREES UPROOTED...AND HE BELIEVES THE TORNADO MOVED THE FOUNDATION OF HIS HOUSE.
23:48 UTCTORNADOEverestBrown, KSDISPATCH REPORTED THAT EVEREST FIRE DEPARTMENT WAS REPORTING A TORNADO OFF TO THE NORTHEAST NEAR WILLIS.
23:49 UTCHAIL 0.88MeridenJefferson, KS
23:53 UTCHAIL 1RobinsonBrown, KS
23:55 UTCHAIL 1.5TopekaShawnee, KSHAIL REPORT AT SOUTH TOPEKA TURNPIKE EXIT.
23:55 UTCHAIL 1.5TopekaShawnee, KSHAIL REPORT AT SOUTH TOPEKA TURNPIKE EXIT.
23:55 UTCHAIL 1.754 Sw TopekaShawnee, KS
23:57 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 N EverestBrown, KSTWO 24 INCH DIAMETER TREES KNOCKED DOWN
23:57 UTCTSTM WND DMGRobinsonBrown, KSDISPATCH REPORTED A BARN DESTROYED AND POWER POLES DOWNED AROUND ROBINSON...WITH SEVERAL REPORTS DISPATCH WAS UNSURE OF EXACT LOCATION OF ALL THE DAMAGE.
23:57 UTCTSTM WND GST 705 N EverestBrown, KS
23:57 UTCHAIL 0.881 S Valley FallsJefferson, KS
23:59 UTCHAIL 1.75TopekaShawnee, KS21ST AND FAIRLAWN
23:59 UTCHAIL 1.75TopekaShawnee, KSHAIL AT LEAST GOLF BALL SIZE AT 21ST AND FAIRLAWN.
23:59 UTCHAIL 1.75TopekaShawnee, KSREPORT OF GOLF BALL SIZE HAIL AT 37TH AND BURLINGAME
00:20 UTCTSTM WND DMGGrantvilleJefferson, KSTRAILER AND BARN DAMAGE

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2006 tornado in KansasEvery tornado in Kansas since 1950Warnings in force in Kansas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 15, 2006

13 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 154:33 PM CDTF2Gage, NE34.0880$5.0 million
April 155:48 PM CDTF0Pottawatomie, KS0.150
April 156:33 PM CDTF1Otoe, NE2.5150$70,000
April 156:40 PM CDTF0Brown, KS1.050$100,000
April 156:44 PM CDTF1Brown, KS4.075$150,000
April 156:52 PM CDTF0Brown, KS0.150$30,000
April 157:03 PM CDTF0Doniphan, KS2.050
April 158:05 PM CDTF0Leavenworth, KS1.050
April 158:20 PM CDTF0Wyandotte, KS4.075
April 158:38 PM CDTF0DeKalb, MO1.550
April 158:43 PM CDTF2DeKalb, MO13.0100$70,000
April 158:43 PM CDTF0Audubon, IA0.230
April 159:15 PM CDTF0Ray, MO10.175$10,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.