Tornadoes · United States · Indiana · 2024

EF0 tornado, Tippecanoe, Indiana, July 15, 2024

This EF0 tornado ran 0.7 miles across Marshall County on July 15, 2024, touching down at 12:09 AM EDT and reaching 75 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $20,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
July 15, 2024
Touchdown
12:09 AM EDT (04:09 UTC)
Lifted
12:11 AM EDT (04:11 UTC)
On the ground
2 minutes
Path length
0.7 miles (1.1 km)
Path width
75 yards (69 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$20,000
County
Marshall County
Touchdown point
41.198, -86.087
Lift-off point
41.205, -86.077
Record number
2407152209-01

The damage survey

1 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS IWX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 62 mph.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A decaying derecho moved through the area late in the evening on July 15th. Storms raced eastward into southwest Lower Michigan and northern Indiana, prompting several Severe Thunderstorm Warnings for winds up to 70+ mph and Tornado Warnings for embedded rotation along the line. Three tornadoes were confirmed.

A survey of damage confirmed a brief tornado, embedded with a larger area of damaging winds. The tornado touched down southwest of the intersection of 19th Rd and Birch Rd, then moved northeast. Damage was confined to several trees being snapped or uprooted in the area.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

34 minutes of warning. NWS IWX issued a tornado warning for this county at 03:35 UTC, 34 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 04:30 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 23:54 UTC and running to 04:57 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:54 UTC04:57 UTCTornado WatchIWX
03:10 UTC04:00 UTCTornado WarningIWX
03:35 UTC04:30 UTCTornado WarningIWX

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:47 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Lincoln, IL (KILX), 00:00Z

4.2 hours before the tornado, 242 km from the path. July 16, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lincoln, IL at 00:00Z on 2024-07-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 3169 joules per kilogram, CIN -39, lifted condensation level 1385 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lincoln, IL at 00:00Z on 2024-07-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 161 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 30 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
3169 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-39 J/kg
Surface CAPE
5530 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1385 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
24 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
161 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
237 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.7
Supercell composite
22.3
0-3 km lapse rate
6.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Lincoln, IL (KILX), 12:00Z

7.8 hours after it, 242 km from the path. July 16, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lincoln, IL at 12:00Z on 2024-07-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 675 joules per kilogram, CIN -163, lifted condensation level 819 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Lincoln, IL at 12:00Z on 2024-07-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 179 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
675 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-163 J/kg
Surface CAPE
14 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
819 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
25 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
179 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
143 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
2.0
0-3 km lapse rate
3.5 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Rochester (RCR), 17 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
02:15 UTC82.482.4190° 7 kt1007.5
02:35 UTC82.482.4200° 11 kt1007.5
02:55 UTC82.482.4200° 12 kt1007.5
03:15 UTC84.284.2210° 11 kt181006.8
03:35 UTC84.284.2210° 15 kt231006.1
03:55 UTC84.284.2240° 18 kt231006.8
04:15 UTC75.275.2260° 19 kt411009.8VCTS RA BR
04:35 UTC69.869.8270° 13 kt211009.8TSRA BR
04:55 UTC6868260° 9 kt171009.5VCTS RA
05:15 UTC6868260° 9 kt1008.8-RA BR
05:35 UTC69.869.8250° 9 kt1008.5-RA
05:55 UTC69.869.8230° 11 kt1008.5

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Northern Indiana radar (KIWX), 36 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 04:07 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
03:44 UTCTSTM WND DMGWinamacPulaski, INLarge tree down and blocking E Hutchinson Rd in Winamac. Time estimated from radar.
03:55 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ssw La PazMarshall, INCorrects previous tstm wnd dmg report from 1 SSW La Paz. Downed powerlines on US 6 in La Paz. Time estimated via radar. INDOT reports all lanes are blocked and closed until 3 AM EDT.
03:55 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ssw La PazMarshall, INDowned powerlines on US 6 in La Paz. Time estimated via radar. INDOT reports all lanes are blocked and closed until 3 AM EDT.
03:55 UTCTSTM WND DMGPlymouthMarshall, INEmergency manager reports four trees down with power lines on Nutmeg just south of Menominee Elementary in Plymouth. Time estimated via radar.
04:00 UTCTSTM WND DMGArgosMarshall, INLarge limbs down on Kenilworth Rd in Argos. Time estimated from radar.
04:02 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Nnw Twin LakesMarshall, INTree down blocking IN 17 near the Plymouth golf course. Time estimated via radar.
04:02 UTCTSTM WND DMGWalnutMarshall, INLarge tree and smaller limbs down at Ironwood Road and 20C. Time estimated via radar.
04:02 UTCTSTM WND DMGWalnutMarshall, INTree down on 20th Street between Ironwood and Hickory. Time estimated via radar.
04:08 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Sw LockeElkhart, INLarge tree limbs down west of Nappanee. Time estimated via radar.
04:09 UTCTORNADO2 Ese TippecanoeMarshall, INA survey of damage confirmed a brief tornado, embedded within a larger area of damaging winds. The tornado touched down southwest of the intersection of 19th Rd and Birch Rd, then moved northeast crossing 19th Rd before
04:11 UTCTSTM WND DMGNappaneeElkhart, INLarge tree down onto home in Nappanee. No reported injuries at this time. Time estimated via radar.
04:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ssw MishawakaSt. Joseph, INTree uprooted on East 11th Street in Mishawaka. Time estimated via radar.
04:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wnw WakarusaElkhart, INDelayed report of a large tree downed at a residence. Time estimated from radar.
04:13 UTCTSTM WND DMGGrangerSt. Joseph, INThree large evergreen trees down and power outages reported. Time estimated from radar.
04:15 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wnw BentonElkhart, INTrees and powerlines down near the Goshen Municipal Airport. Several reports on social media. Time estimated via radar.
04:15 UTCTSTM WND DMGMishawakaSt. Joseph, INLoss of siding on a home in Mishawaka. Photo and time provided in a Facebook report.
04:17 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S AdamsboroCass, INCorrects time of previous tstm wnd dmg report from 2 S Adamsboro. Emergency Manager reports tree and power lines down at 600 E and Logansport Road east of Logansport, Indiana in Cass County.
04:17 UTCTSTM WND DMGLogansportCass, IN1225 S and 800 E tree down blocking roadway per emergency manager. Time estimated via radar.
04:17 UTCTSTM WND DMGLogansportCass, INCorrects time of previous tstm wnd dmg report from Logansport. Emergency manager reports multiple trees downed near High Street at Roselawn and at 22 street in Logansport Indiana in Cass County.
04:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Sse AdamsboroCass, INTree down and powerlines down at County Road 600 E and Logansport Road. Time estimated by radar.
04:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Ene LogansportCass, INEmergency manager reports tree down on High St at Roselawn and 22nd streets. Time estimated via radar.
04:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Nnw AnokaCass, INCorrects time of previous tstm wnd dmg report from 3 NNW Anoka. Tree downed.
04:18 UTCTSTM WND GST 711 Nnw AthensFulton, IN
04:18 UTCTSTM WND GST 711 Nnw AthensFulton, IN
04:19 UTCTSTM WND GST 591 Sw BurketKosciusko, IN
04:20 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wsw Oakwood ParkKosciusko, INDelayed report of large tree limbs down on Syracuse Webster Road. Time estimated from radar.
04:20 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Ne LogansportCass, INTree down just north of the intersection of county road 250 E and 125 N. Time estimated via radar.
04:21 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ene WarsawKosciusko, INCorrects time of previous tstm wnd dmg report from 1 ENE Warsaw. Emergency Manager reports tree down at Lake Street in Warsaw Indiana and loss of power over east Warsaw Indiana in Kosciusko County.
04:21 UTCTSTM WND DMGWinona LakeKosciusko, INLarge tree limb down. Time estimated from radar.
04:21 UTCTORNADO2 S ElkhartElkhart, INA survey of damage confirmed a brief EF1 tornado, embedded within an area of straightline wind damage. The tornado touched down southeast of Hawthorne Elementary School and proceeded quickly ESE, eventually lifting near
04:22 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S ElkhartElkhart, INSeveral trees down near the Kroger on the south side of Elkhart. Time estimated via radar.
04:23 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wnw BentonElkhart, INCorrects time of previous tstm wnd dmg report from 2 WNW Benton. Trees and powerlines down near the Goshen Municipal Airport. Several reports on social media. Time estimated via radar.
04:23 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Se DunlapElkhart, INReport of Twitter of numerous trees and limbs down in the Brookside Mobile Home Park. Time estimated from radar.
04:23 UTCTSTM WND DMGRoyal CenterCass, INReport from Emergency Manager of large tree limb blown down near the center of Royal Center, Indiana in Cass County.
04:24 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wnw New WaverlyCass, INCorrects time of previous tstm wnd dmg report from 2 WNW New Waverly. Emergency Manager reports a tree downed over road near 800 E and 100 N east of Logansport Indiana in Cass County.
04:25 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 S ElkhartElkhart, INElkhart Fire Department reports damage from Southdale St. to Main St. between East Lusher Ave. and East Hively Ave in southern Elkhart. Possible tornado damage. Time estimated via radar.
04:26 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ene BentonElkhart, INPhoto on Twitter of a large barn with one wall collapsed and a partial roof collapse. Trusses still standing on one-quarter of the roof. Barn door in photo is open, or missing in the photo. Location is approximate. Time
04:27 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Ne SidneyKosciusko, INLarge tree down on a house south of Pierceton.
04:29 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ene WarsawKosciusko, INEmergency Manager reports tree down at Lake Street in Warsaw Indiana and loss of power over east Warsaw Indiana in Kosciusko County.
04:29 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Ne Lake WawaseeKosciusko, INSeveral large trees uprooted on Ogden Point Rd on Lake Wawasee. Also damage to a few boat lifts on the lake. Time estimated from radar.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of July 15, 2024

61 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 157:14 AM CDTEF0Chippewa, MN2.225
July 153:50 PM EDTEF0Genesee, NY0.875
July 154:48 PM EDTEF0Ontario, NY0.875
July 156:25 PM EDTEF0Cortland, NY7.5175$37,000
July 155:37 PM CDTEF1Polk, IA6.9300$500,000
July 156:54 PM EDTEF1Chenango, NY8.7250$120,000
July 156:14 PM CDTEF1Grant, WI0.330$35,000
July 156:18 PM CDTEF0Jones, IA1.550
July 156:40 PM CDTEF1Jo Daviess, IL29.8100
July 156:48 PM CDTEF1Jo Daviess, IL8.150
July 156:50 PM CDTEF2Jo Daviess, IL15.4150
July 157:02 PM CDTEF0Muscatine, IA to IL3.050
July 157:17 PM CDTEF1Rock Island, IL24.7100
July 157:19 PM CDTEF1Scott, IA to IL8.0100
July 157:26 PM CDTUnratedStephenson, IL1.010
July 157:26 PM CDTEF0Rock, WI1.250
July 157:44 PM CDTEF0Ogle, IL5.3200
July 157:58 PM CDTEF0Ogle, IL1.7150
July 157:58 PM CDTEF0Winnebago, IL1.2100
July 158:01 PM CDTEF0Winnebago, IL0.225
July 158:02 PM CDTEF1Henry, IL5.2200$100,000
July 158:05 PM CDTEF0Ogle, IL2.2150
July 158:07 PM CDTEF1Knox, IL1.3150
July 158:07 PM CDTEF1Henry, IL1.750$50,000
July 158:15 PM CDTEF0Peoria, IL4.380
July 158:21 PM CDTEF1Peoria, IL2.4150
July 158:25 PM CDTEF0Peoria, IL2.5100
July 158:36 PM CDTEF1Woodford, IL0.4100
July 158:38 PM CDTEF0Woodford, IL1.480
July 158:38 PM CDTUnratedDeKalb, IL1.850
July 158:39 PM CDTEF1Woodford, IL1.2100
July 158:39 PM CDTEF1Tazewell, IL12.2100
July 158:49 PM CDTEF1Kane, IL8.4300
July 158:51 PM CDTUnratedTazewell, IL0.980
July 158:52 PM CDTEF0Kane, IL10.1250
July 158:55 PM CDTEF1Kendall, IL19.2200
July 158:55 PM CDTEF0Woodford, IL3.830
July 159:06 PM CDTEF1Kendall, IL19.52502
July 159:09 PM CDTEF2Grundy, IL34.63252
July 159:10 PM CDTEF0Kendall, IL17.0300
July 159:23 PM CDTEF0DuPage, IL3.1150
July 159:29 PM CDTEF0DuPage, IL0.850
July 159:33 PM CDTEF0Will, IL2.9300
July 159:34 PM CDTEF0DuPage, IL4.1250
July 159:35 PM CDTEF0Kankakee, IL12.3275
July 159:36 PM CDTEF0Cook, IL1.2175
July 159:37 PM CDTEF1Cook, IL2.175
July 159:41 PM CDTEF0Will, IL6.4100
July 159:41 PM CDTEF0Cook, IL5.7300
July 159:43 PM CDTEF1Cook, IL5.5250
July 159:43 PM CDTEF0Cook, IL0.485
July 159:45 PM CDTEF0Cook, IL0.4125
July 159:47 PM CDTEF1Cook, IL3.2150
July 159:47 PM CDTEF1Cook, IL3.1400
July 159:50 PM CDTEF0Cook, IL1.4150
July 159:51 PM CDTEF1Kankakee, IL2.6100
July 159:52 PM CDTEF1Lake, IL to IN29.1300
July 159:58 PM CDTEF0Lake, IN2.4100
July 1510:02 PM CDTEF0Lake, IN16.4100
July 1510:32 PM CDTEF1LaPorte, IN3.275$100,000

All 62 of them

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.