Tornadoes · United States · Indiana · 2011

EF0 tornado, Sunman to Weisburg, Indiana, May 23, 2011

From Sunman to Weisburg, this EF0 tornado ran 3.1 miles across Dearborn and Ripley counties on May 23, 2011, touching down at 6:43 PM EDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $45,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
May 23, 2011
Touchdown
6:43 PM EDT (22:43 UTC)
Lifted
6:47 PM EDT (22:47 UTC)
On the ground
4 minutes
Path length
3.1 miles (5.0 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$45,000
Counties
Dearborn and Ripley counties
Touchdown point
39.202, -85.107
Lift-off point
39.224, -85.057
Record number
1105231643-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A quasi-linear convective system moved across an unstable airmass and produced widespread severe weather.

The tornado initially touched down in Ripley County at 1743 near County Road 900. Numerous large trees were down in different directions and at least one power pole was snapped in this location. The tornado then continued to the northeast and passed into Dearborn County at 1745 just northwest of Tangman Road. Along Tangman Road, large trees were down in different directions, a metal roof was torn off of a large pole barn, and a barn was destroyed due to the tornado. A short distance to the northeast, trees were snapped near Hill Road. The tornado lifted in Dearborn County at 1747. Damage estimates for Ripley County were five thousand dollars. Damage estimates for Dearborn County were forty thousand dollars. Maximum estimated wind speed based on damage was around eighty miles per hour. The tornado was on the ground for 1.48 miles in Ripley County and 1.60 miles in Dearborn County. The entire path length of the tornado was 3.08 miles.

The tornado initially touched down in Ripley County at 1743 near County Road 900. Numerous large trees were down in different directions and at least one power pole was snapped in this location. The tornado then continued to the northeast and passed into Dearborn County at 1745 just northwest of Tangman Road. Along Tangman Road, large trees were down in different directions, a metal roof was torn off of a large pole barn, and a barn was destroyed due to the tornado. A short distance to the northeast, trees were snapped near Hill Road. The tornado lifted in Dearborn County at 1747. Damage estimates for Ripley County were five thousand dollars. Damage estimates for Dearborn County were forty thousand dollars. Maximum estimated wind speed based on damage was around eighty miles per hour. The tornado was on the ground for 1.48 miles in Ripley County and 1.60 miles in Dearborn County. The entire path length of the tornado was 3.08 miles.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

20 minutes of warning. NWS ILN issued a tornado warning for this county at 22:23 UTC, 20 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 23:00 UTC.

The county was under a severe thunderstorm watch, issued at 20:28 UTC and running to 00:46 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
20:28 UTC00:46 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WatchILN
22:14 UTC22:59 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningILN
22:23 UTC23:00 UTCTornado WarningILN
22:34 UTC00:00 UTCFlood AdvisoryILN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.02 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:39 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Cncnati-Daytn, OH (KILN), 12:00Z

10.7 hours before the tornado, 113 km from the path. May 23, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 12:00Z on 2011-05-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 170 joules per kilogram, CIN -56, lifted condensation level 776 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 12:00Z on 2011-05-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 183 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 49 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
170 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-56 J/kg
Surface CAPE
226 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
776 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
49 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
183 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
246 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.2
Supercell composite
0.9
0-3 km lapse rate
5.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Cncnati-Daytn, OH (KILN), 00:00Z

1.3 hours after it, 113 km from the path. May 24, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 00:00Z on 2011-05-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 729 joules per kilogram, CIN -44, lifted condensation level 1494 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Cncnati-Daytn, OH at 00:00Z on 2011-05-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 144 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 29 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
729 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-44 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1714 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1494 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
29 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
23 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
144 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
215 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.2
Supercell composite
5.2
0-3 km lapse rate
7.3 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Cincinnati / N Kentucky Intl (CVG), 40 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
20:52 UTC8263200° 15 kt221008.8
21:52 UTC8263210° 10 kt181007.8
22:52 UTC7964220° 7 kt1007.8
23:03 UTC78.864.4220° 6 kt1008.5TS
23:10 UTC73.462.6280° 33 kt491011.5+TSRA
23:12 UTC69.860.8280° 32 kt491011.2+TSRA SQ
23:21 UTC64.460.8270° 20 kt371011.5+TSRA BR
23:25 UTC64.460.8260° 18 kt321011.9TSRA BR
23:34 UTC64.460.8260° 13 kt191011.5TSRA BR
23:52 UTC6561260° 13 kt191011.9TSRA BR

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Cincinnati radar (KILN), 111 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 22:42 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
22:15 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wsw WestportDecatur, INA BARN WAS REPORTED TO BE DESTROYED NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF STATE ROUTE 3 AND CR 700 WEST.
22:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Nne WestportDecatur, INTHREE GRAIN BINS WERE BLOWN OVER NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF S CR 350W AND W CR 850S.
22:24 UTCTSTM WND DMGNorth MadisonJefferson, INLARGE TREES DOWN...ROOF DAMAGE...STEEPLE BLOWN OFF A CHURCH...OUTBUILDING DESTROYED
22:30 UTCHAIL 1HoltonRipley, IN
22:34 UTCTSTM WND DMGNapoleonRipley, INBARN DESTROYED. NUMEROUS TREES DOWN ACROSS THE COUNTY.
22:40 UTCTSTM WND DMGConnersvilleFayette, INTRAILERS OVERTURNED.
22:43 UTCTORNADO 06 Nne MilanRipley, INCONFIRMED BY NWS STORM SURVEY. EF0 TORNADO WITH WIND SPEEDS APPROXIMATELY 80 MPH.
22:45 UTCTSTM WND DMGVevaySwitzerland, INTREES DOWN.
22:47 UTCTSTM WND GST 558 S BrookvilleDearborn, IN
22:51 UTCTSTM WND GST 65GuilfordDearborn, INTREES DOWN ALONG STATE ROUTE 1. WIND GUST ESTIMATED.
22:55 UTCTSTM WND DMGMoores HillDearborn, INTREES/LARGE LIMBS DOWNED
22:57 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 N West College CornerUnion, INBARN DAMAGED AND TREES KNOCKED DOWN NEAR INDIANA 44 AT 9 MILE RD.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in IndianaEvery tornado in Indiana since 1950Warnings in force in Indiana nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 23, 2011

17 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 231:45 PM CDTEF0Howell, MO1.0100$10,000
May 233:54 PM CDTEF0Cape Girardeau, MO0.540$1,000
May 235:23 PM EDTEF2Juniata, PA4.7250$50,000
May 234:26 PM CDTEF0Blaine, OK0.315
May 235:32 PM EDTEF0Huntington, IN0.430
May 235:39 PM EDTEF1Northumberland, PA1.2100$50,000
May 236:15 PM EDTEF0Luce, MI2.450
May 235:25 PM CDTEF1Gallatin, IL11.8200$250,000
May 236:37 PM EDTEF1Schuylkill, PA0.275$20,000
May 235:52 PM CDTEF0Osage, OK0.150
May 236:56 PM EDTEF1Van Wert, OH4.1100
May 237:25 PM EDTEF0Carbon, PA0.4501$75,000
May 237:43 PM EDTEF0Clermont, OH0.233$30,000
May 236:52 PM CDTEF2Stewart, TN13.31502$250,000
May 237:55 PM EDTEF1Greene, OH0.9100$3,000
May 238:10 PM EDTEF1Clark, OH0.4100$15,000
May 237:10 PM CDTEF2Christian, KY17.31751$350,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.