Tornadoes · United States · Florida · 2024

EF0 tornado, Georgetown, Florida, July 20, 2024

This EF0 tornado ran 1.5 miles across Putnam County on July 20, 2024, touching down at 7:00 PM EDT and reaching 5 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
July 20, 2024
Touchdown
7:00 PM EDT (23:00 UTC)
Lifted
7:05 PM EDT (23:05 UTC)
On the ground
5 minutes
Path length
1.5 miles (2.4 km)
Path width
5 yards (5 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Putnam County
Touchdown point
29.356, -81.616
Lift-off point
29.363, -81.639
Record number
2407201700-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A prevailing SW flow combined with the river, lake and sea breezes converged east of Highway 301 in the late evening over a moist and unstable airmass. Numerous boundary mergers produced waterspouts over the St. Johns River west of Hastings, FL and over Lake George. The waterspout over Lake George shifted onto Drayton Island and became a landspout. No damages or injuries were reported. Other storms produced gusty winds and locally heavy rainfall especially across SE GA, including some localized flooding reports.

Waterspout on Lake George went onto Drayton Island and became a land spout. No injuries or damage was reported. Photos from multiple viewpoints were relayed. Time was estimated by radar.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Jacksonville, FL wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Jul 20, 2:12 PM EDT, 4 hours 48 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jul 20, 2:12 PM EDT, 4 hours 48 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
212 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

...New NEAR TERM, SHORT TERM, LONG TERM, AVIATION, MARINE...

.NEAR TERM...
Issued at 200 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

For the latest NE FL and SE GA Daily Key Messages please visit:
https://www.weather.gov/media/jax/briefings/nws-jax-briefing.pdf

Broad 500 mb troughing extends over the Great Lakes southward to
the lower MS Valley. Some weak mid level vort lobes are forecast
to move across AL and parts of GA ahead of the trough in southwest
flow aloft. Plenty of moisture exists with regional analyses
showing PWATS of 1.9 to 2.1 inches. Max temps continue as forecast
in the lower 90s, with heat indices generally near 108 or less,
just below advisory. Showers and storms should become more numerous
and possibly widespread during the peak time frame from 4 PM-8 PM
and then translate offshore into coastal waters. Main threats
will be strong wind gusts and frequent lightning. SPC continues to
highlight a marginal risk of severe storms mainly across
southeast GA through the evening, mainly for a locally damaging
wind gust. Some lingering showers and isolated to scattered
tstorms likely around from 9pm to midnight before nearly
dissipating by 1 am. Some light patchy fog possible but not
expected to be mentioned in the forecast text. Lows tonight in the
71 to 76 deg range.

&&

.SHORT TERM...
(Sunday through Monday night)
Issued at 200 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

High pressure will be located east northeast of the region through
this period. The location of the high is significant, as the flow
around it will help to dictate the direction storms moves. This past
week, the high has been located to the east, with weak troughing to
the northwest. This pattern produced a southwest flow, and pushed
convection toward the east coast each afternoon, with the east coast
sea breeze largely stuck near the coast.

However, with the high to the east northeast, the prevailing flow
will be from the south southeast this period. Convection this
period, with initiate in the early afternoon hours of Sunday and
Monday once diurnal heating provides enough instability. This
convection will then be aided, and pushed inland by both the east
coast sea breeze and to a lesser extent by the Gulf sea breeze.

The sea breezes will then meet toward the center of the forecast
area Sunday, where the greatest chance for mid to late afternoon
convection will occur. On Monday afternoon, the east coast sea
breeze will push a little further inland due to the high being a
little further to the northeast, yielding a more southeast flow
overall. Therefore, the sea breeze merger should take place closer
to the I75 corridor, where the greatest potential for convection
will exist in the mid to late afternoon hours. While, a few storms
can not be ruled out near the east coast, the chance will be much
lower this period, than this past week.

The convective activity will diminish during the evening hours each
day, with dry nights forecast.

Temperatures will trend a little above normal this period.

&&

.LONG TERM...
(Tuesday through next Saturday)
Issued at 200 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

The high will remain centered to the east northeast through at least
Thursday night, continuing the flow from the south southeast. This
will continue the convective routine, with storms bubbling up in the
early afternoon across the area, then being directed inland by the
sea breezes. The east coast sea breeze will again be dominant due to
help from the south southeast flow pattern. The breezes will merge
near the I75 corridor, where the convective maximum will occur each
afternoon. With loss of heating, convection will diminish during the
evening hours, with dry nights forecast.

Models are hinting at a pattern shift late in this period, as a
trough digs into the southeastern US, pushing the high back toward
the east again. If this pattern sets up, the area will be back in a
more southwest flow, with convection moving east northeast through
the day, and merger occurring closer to the east coast, with I95
corridor receiving the convective max later in the afternoon hours.

Temperatures will trend near to a little above normal this period.

&&

.AVIATION...
(18Z TAFS)
Issued at 125 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

VFR clouds around at this time. A few showers and thunderstorms began
to develop by about 16z-17z. Have continued to advertise TEMPO groups
for TSRA this afternoon and into the evening, with just a slight
adjustment to delay timing near CRG, JAX, and SSI. Showers and
storms may contain brief wind gusts and low vsby to MVFR and IFR
in heavy rainfall. The activity will concentration near or over
the TAFs mainly in the 21z-01z time frame and then move offshore
after about 02z. Mainly VFR overnight except for some MVFR vsby
currently shown for VQQ. A repeat can be expected again Sunday for
showers and storms, mainly aftn hours again.

&&

.MARINE...
Issued at 200 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

Southeast to south winds around 10-15 kt expected into the
evening and then shift more southwest by sunrise. A similar
situation on Sunday into Monday. Seas mainly 2-3 ft. Early next
week, the surface ridge will begin to shift a bit more northward,
allowing more south to southeast flow to prevail and result in
general sea conditions to nudge up from combo of wind waves and
an east- southeast wind sea. May also see some surges in southerly
winds up to near 15-20 kt for brief times (about 5 pm-10 pm) through
the entire period, but models are not in good agreement on this
and duration of this not likely to warrant headlines at this time.
The main concern for boaters will be offshore moving t-storms the
next couple of days, peaking in the aftn and evening hours.

Rip Currents: A low-end moderate rip current risk owing to a mix
of wind waves and swells of about 8-10 second periods from the
east. This is likely to continue on Sunday as well.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
AMG  73  91  73  93 /  50  60  40  70
SSI  77  88  78  90 /  70  40  50  50
JAX  75  93  75  94 /  50  70  30  60
SGJ  75  92  75  93 /  60  40  20  50
GNV  73  93  73  93 /  40  60  20  70
OCF  74  94  75  94 /  40  60  20  90

&&

.JAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
FL...None.
GA...None.
AM...None.
&&

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jul 20, 6:27 PM EDT, 33 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
627 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

FLZ024-124-125-132-225-325-425-202315-
Eastern Clay FL-Western Duval FL-South Central Duval FL-
Inland Nassau FL-Trout River FL-Coastal Duval FL-Coastal Nassau FL-
627 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT EAST CENTRAL NASSAU AND EASTERN
DUVAL COUNTIES THROUGH 715 PM EDT...

At 627 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
San Marco, or over Jacksonville, moving northeast at 30 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts of 45 to 55 mph.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects.

Locations impacted include...
Jacksonville, Orange Park, Jacksonville International Arpt, Unf,
Mandarin, Arlington, Jacksonville Beach, Atlantic Beach, Yulee, and
Neptune Beach.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3013 8164 3027 8179 3054 8173 3071 8149
      3027 8140
TIME...MOT...LOC 2227Z 210DEG 24KT 3033 8164

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...55 MPH

NELSON
Special weather statement, Jul 20, 6:33 PM EDT, 27 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
633 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

GAZ136-151>154-165-250-264-350-364-202300-
Pierce GA-Northeastern Charlton GA-Inland Glynn GA-Inland Camden GA-
Coastal Glynn GA-Western Charlton GA-Brantley GA-Wayne GA-
Northern Ware GA-Southern Ware GA-
633 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT NORTHWESTERN CAMDEN...
NORTHWESTERN GLYNN...SOUTHEASTERN PIERCE...BRANTLEY...EAST CENTRAL
WARE...SOUTHEASTERN WAYNE AND NORTHERN CHARLTON COUNTIES THROUGH 700
PM EDT...

At 633 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm near
Hickox, or 10 miles south of Nahunta, moving northeast at 30 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts around 40 mph and minor flooding due to heavy
         rainfall.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects. Minor flooding due to heavy rainfall is
         possible.

Locations impacted include...
Nahunta, Gardi, Hickox, Thalmann, Everett, Raybon, Waynesville, Race
Pond, Fort Mudge, and Braganza.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3132 8144 3096 8190 3096 8249 3161 8175
      3160 8175 3161 8174 3158 8170 3156 8170
      3155 8169 3154 8167 3150 8165 3147 8161
      3145 8163 3140 8158 3133 8147 3134 8147
      3133 8145 3133 8143
TIME...MOT...LOC 2233Z 211DEG 24KT 3106 8202

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH

NELSON
Special weather statement, Jul 20, 6:35 PM EDT, 25 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
635 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

GAZ134>136-151-152-202300-
Pierce GA-Bacon GA-Appling GA-Brantley GA-Wayne GA-
635 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT NORTHEASTERN PIERCE...NORTH
CENTRAL BRANTLEY...EAST CENTRAL BACON...WAYNE AND SOUTHEASTERN
APPLING COUNTIES THROUGH 700 PM EDT...

At 635 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm near
Jesup, moving northeast at 25 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts around 40 mph and minor flooding due to heavy
         rainfall.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects. Minor flooding due to heavy rainfall is
         possible.

Locations impacted include...
Jesup, Gardi, Screven, Odum, Offerman, Doctortown, and Broadhurst.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3179 8195 3176 8194 3175 8191 3173 8191
      3171 8188 3167 8185 3165 8181 3166 8181
      3163 8179 3163 8177 3161 8177 3161 8175
      3160 8175 3161 8174 3158 8170 3156 8170
      3134 8202 3154 8231 3179 8199
TIME...MOT...LOC 2235Z 239DEG 21KT 3158 8194

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH

NELSON
Special weather statement, Jul 20, 6:44 PM EDT, 16 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
644 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

FLZ024-033-124-125-133-225-325-425-GAZ153-154-165-166-264-364-202330-
Coastal St. Johns FL-South Central Duval FL-Inland Nassau FL-
Western Duval FL-Trout River FL-Coastal Duval FL-Coastal Nassau FL-
Inland St. Johns FL-Northeastern Charlton GA-Coastal Glynn GA-
Inland Glynn GA-Inland Camden GA-Western Charlton GA-
Coastal Camden GA-
644 PM EDT Sat Jul 20 2024

...STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL IMPACT NASSAU...NORTH CENTRAL ST.
JOHNS...DUVAL...CAMDEN...GLYNN AND NORTHEASTERN CHARLTON COUNTIES
THROUGH 730 PM EDT...

At 644 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms along
a line extending from Nahunta to near Kingsland to Bayard. Movement
was northeast at 35 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts of 45 to 55 mph and minor flooding due to heavy
         rainfall.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects. Minor flooding due to heavy rainfall is
         possible.

Locations impacted include...
Jacksonville, St. Marys, Kingsland, Brunswick, St. Simons Island,
Fernandina Beach, Hilliard, Folkston, Woodbine, and Callahan.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with these storms and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with these storms.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3119 8125 3110 8137 3079 8142 3016 8132
      3010 8157 3091 8210 3134 8147 3133 8144
      3128 8139 3129 8139 3131 8134 3128 8132
      3127 8122
TIME...MOT...LOC 2244Z 237DEG 31KT 3119 8198 3085 8171 3013 8150

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...55 MPH

NELSON
Special weather statement, Jul 20, 6:58 PM EDT, 2 minutes before
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The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Jacksonville, FL (KJAX), 12:00Z

11.0 hours before the tornado, 127 km from the path. July 20, 2024.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jacksonville, FL at 12:00Z on 2024-07-20Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1297 joules per kilogram, CIN -57, lifted condensation level 787 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Jacksonville, FL at 12:00Z on 2024-07-20The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 61 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 17 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1297 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-57 J/kg
Surface CAPE
542 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
787 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
17 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
10 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
61 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
62 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Palatka (28J), 34 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:00 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Jacksonville radar (KJAX), 125 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:00 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2024 tornado in FloridaEvery tornado in Florida since 1950Warnings in force in Florida nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of July 20, 2024

4 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
July 202:00 PM MDTUnratedSan Juan, UT0.110
July 204:15 PM EDTEF0Pasco, FL0.015
July 205:10 PM CDTUnratedO'Brien, IA0.625
July 209:33 PM EDTEF0Putnam, FL0.45

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.