Tornadoes · United States · Florida · 2008

EF1 tornado, Hialeah, Florida, August 14, 2008

This EF1 tornado ran 0.4 miles across Miami-Dade County on August 14, 2008, touching down at 2:30 PM EDT and reaching 15 yards wide. It killed nobody, and did $150,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
August 14, 2008
Touchdown
2:30 PM EDT (18:30 UTC)
Lifted
2:31 PM EDT (18:31 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.4 miles (0.6 km)
Path width
15 yards (14 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
$150,000
County
Miami-Dade County
Touchdown point
25.842, -80.284
Lift-off point
25.847, -80.284
Record number
0808141230-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A thunderstorm developed along the inland-pushing sea breeze over the city of Hialeah. Favorable wind profiles along the sea breeze front helped to produce a brief tornado that damaged 8 structures. Other storms which formed along the sea breeze front in Palm Beach County caused lightning damage.

A thunderstorm produced an EF1 Tornado with the highest estimated wind speeds near 90 MPH. The tornado began at West 22nd Street just west of West 1st Avenue where vehicles were moved and flipped at a tow yard. Roof damage occurred to at least five separate apartment complexes, with the worst damage between 22nd and 24th streets, but 8 structures were damaged overall. The tornado lifted at West 28th Street between Palm Avenue and West 1 Avenue.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
18:38 UTC19:30 UTCTornado WarningMFL

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 16:23 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the tornado touched down, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Miami, FL wrote its last area forecast discussion before the tornado touched down at Aug 14, 1:54 PM EDT, 36 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Aug 14, 1:54 PM EDT, 36 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIAMI FL
154 PM EDT THU AUG 14 2008

.UPDATE...SOUTHWEST FLOW CONTINUES WITH THE SOUTHEAST COASTAL
SEABREEZE TRYING HARD TO PUSH INLAND ESPECIALLY NEAR KMIA.
RW AND TSTMS FORMING IN LINES OR BANDS WITH MOST ACTIVITY AROUND
THE LAKE AS EARLIER THOUGHT. HAVE PLACED TEMPOS FOR RWS OR TSTMS
FOR THE EAST COAST TERMINALS UNTIL 21Z. FOR KAPF, DUE TO ACTIVITY
FURTHER OUT IN THE GULF, PLACED A TEMPO FOR TSRA 20-23Z. MAX GUSTS
IN STORMS AROUND 25 MPH.

&&

.PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1045 AM EDT THU AUG 14 2008/

UPDATE...
THERE IS NOT REALLY MUCH TO ADD TO THE CURRENT FORECAST AT THIS
TIME...WITH EVERYTHING APPEARING TO BE IN GOOD SHAPE THIS
MORNING. CONVECTION HAS RECENTLY DEVELOPED ALONG THE COAST OF
MAINLAND MONROE COUNTY...AND EXPECT THIS ACTIVITY TO GRADUALLY
SPREAD NORTHEASTWARD THROUGH THE AFTERNOON. HOWEVER...BEST CHANCES
FOR RAINFALL WILL BE ACROSS THE NORTHERN COUNTIES OF THE FORECAST
AREA...WHERE EFFECTS OF LARGE SCALE SUBSIDENCE WILL BE LESS. MINOR
UPDATES WERE MADE TO THE GRIDS TO ACCOUNT FOR CURRENT TRENDS IN
TEMPERATURE/WIND/CLOUD COVER...AND UPDATED PRODUCTS WILL BE
AVAILABLE SHORTLY.

70/DD

AVIATION DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 821 AM EDT THU AUG 14 2008/

AVIATION...VFR CONDITIONS EXPECTED MOST AREAS TODAY. THERE IS A
SLIGHT CHANCE FOR TSTMS BUT HIGHER CHANCES NORTHERN SECTIONS
(KPBI AND KAPF) WITH ANY OUTFLOWS MOVING SOUTHEAST FROM THE
NORTHEAST GULF OF MEXICO CONVECTION. BRIEF IFR CONDITIONS AT THOSE
TERMINALS ARE POSSIBLE. WENT WITH ONLY VCTS AFT 18Z EAST COAST
TERMINALS FOR NOW AND STARTING EARLIER AROUND 14Z FOR KAPF. MOST
CONVECTION ENDING ALL TERMINALS BY 00Z.

PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 332 AM EDT THU AUG 14 2008/

DISCUSSION...
TAIL END OF THE LARGE MID/UPPER TROUGH MOVING OFF THE EASTERN
CONUS COAST IS TRAILING SW ACROSS CENTRAL FL EARLY THIS MORNING.
AHEAD OF THE TROUGH LINES OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS HAVE BEEN
MOVING THROUGH CENTRAL FL...WITH A FEW POPPING UP ACROSS THE GULF
COAST/GLADES AND HENDRY COUNTIES IN THE SW FLOW AHEAD OF THE
TROUGH. LIGHT SW FLOW CONTINUES ACROSS THE CWA WITH WARMEST TEMPS
ALONG THE GULF COAST DUE TO THE ONSHORE FLOW.

THE TROUGH OVER CENTRAL FL SHOULD MOVE SOUTH ONLY A LITTLE BIT
TODAY AS IT RUNS INTO THE SUBTROPICAL RIDGE AXIS ACROSS THE FL
STRAITS. MODEL FORECAST SOUNDINGS DEPICT DEEP WSW FLOW CONTINUING
ACROSS SOUTH FL AHEAD OF THE TROUGH...WITH A FAIRLY DECENT PWAT
GRADIENT FROM NW TO SE ACROSS THE CWA. WILL TAYLOR POP CHANCES TO
MATCH UP WITH THIS GRADIENT...WITH ONLY ISOLATED TSTMS POSSIBLE
ACROSS SOUTHEASTERN AREAS. EVEN THIS MAY BE A STRETCH GIVEN MODEST
WSW FLOW MIXING DOWN TO THE SFC AND LIMITING SEA BREEZE
DEVELOPMENT IF ANY OCCURS...AND SLIGHTLY MORE STABLE CONDITIONS
CLOSER TO THE RIDGE TO THE SOUTH. GFS FCST SOUNDINGS SUGGEST MID-
LEVEL FLOW COULD APPROACH 25 KTS ACROSS THE NORTHERN AREAS NEAR
THE TROUGH...AND THIS SEEMS PLAUSIBLE GIVEN THE 00Z TAMPA
SOUNDING. SO...SOME GUSTY WINDS MAY OCCUR WITH THE STORMS ACROSS
THE NORTHERN THIRD OF THE AREA. A SHOWER OR STORM MAY ROLL ONSHORE
ACROSS THE NAPLES AREA AT JUST ABOUT ANY TIME TODAY GIVEN THE
ONSHORE FLOW. TEMPS WILL CONTINUE TO RUN A DEGREE OR TWO BELOW
NORMAL ALONG THE GULF COAST AND A DEGREE OR TWO ABOVE NORMAL
ACROSS THE EASTERN METRO AREAS. THINK THAT MOST CONVECTION SHOULD
DIE DOWN DURING THE EVENING HOURS...BUT SOME MAY LINGER OVERNIGHT
ACROSS FAR NORTHERN AREAS NEAR THE TROUGH...AND ALONG THE GULF
COAST WITH THE ONSHORE FLOW.

NOT MUCH CHANGE IN MODEL GUIDANCE FRIDAY THROUGH SUNDAY...SO MADE
LITTLE OVERALL CHANGE TO THE GOING FORECAST. IT APPEARS THAT A
LINGERING WEAKNESS FROM THE DEPARTING MID/UPPER TROUGH WILL REMAIN
ACROSS SOUTH FL THIS PERIOD WITH LIGHT FLOW FROM THE SFC UP
THROUGH 500MB...AND MODERATE BUT NOT HIGH LEVELS OF MOISTURE BY
SUMMER STANDARDS. THE RESULT WILL BE SCATTERED AFTERNOON
THUNDERSTORMS DEVELOPING ALONG EAST AND WEST COAST SEA BREEZES AS
THEY MOVE INLAND...WITH MOTION MOSTLY DUE TO OUTFLOW PROPAGATION.

FOR LATE SUNDAY INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK...THE FORECAST IS UNCERTAIN
AND DEPENDANT ON THE TRACK OF THE TROPICAL DISTURBANCE
APPROACHING THE NORTHERN LESSER ANTILLES. MOST MODEL GUIDANCE HAS
SHIFTED TO THE EAST AND BRINGS A WAVE OR AREA OF LOW PRESSURE
NORTH THROUGH THE BAHAMAS...BUT THE SITUATION NEEDS TO BE
MONITORED DUE TO THE UNCERTAINTY REGARDING SYSTEMS OF TROPICAL
ORIGIN. HAVE NOT MADE ANY CHANGES TO THIS TIME FRAME BECAUSE OF
THIS.

MARINE...
WINDS COULD LINGER AROUND 10 KTS TODAY BEFORE THE SFC PRESSURE
GRADIENT WEAKENS OVER THE REGION WITH WINDS BECOMING FAIRLY
LIGHT FOR THE WEEKEND. SEAS WILL REMAIN BELOW 4 FT.

FIRE WEATHER...
NO CONCERNS AS DEW POINTS ARE NOT EXPECTED TO MIX OUT QUITE AS
MUCH AS THEY DID YESTERDAY.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
WEST PALM BEACH  75  91  75  90 / 20 40 20 40
FORT LAUDERDALE  79  90  77  89 / 20 30 20 40
MIAMI            78  92  77  90 / 20 30 20 40
NAPLES           78  90  76  90 / 30 40 20 30

&&

.MFL WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
FL...NONE.
AM...NONE.
GM...NONE.
&&

LONG TERM...70/DD
SHORT TERM/AVIATION...18/GR
Hazardous weather outlook, Aug 14, 3:50 AM EDT, 10 hours 40 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK FOR SOUTH FLORIDA
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIAMI FL
350 AM EDT THU AUG 14 2008

FLZ063-066>075-168-172>174-150200-
GLADES-HENDRY-INLAND PALM BEACH-METRO PALM BEACH-COASTAL COLLIER-
INLAND COLLIER-INLAND BROWARD-METRO BROWARD-INLAND MIAMI DADE-
METRO MIAMI DADE-MAINLAND MONROE-COASTAL PALM BEACH-
COASTAL BROWARD-COASTAL MIAMI DADE-FAR SOUTH MIAMI DADE-
350 AM EDT THU AUG 14 2008

...A FEW STRONG STORMS POSSIBLE LAKE OKEECHOBEE REGION TO THE PALM BEACHES THIS AFTERNOON...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR SOUTH FLORIDA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

THUNDERSTORMS: SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO AFFECT
COLLIER, GLADES, HENDRY, AND PALM BEACH COUNTIES THIS AFTERNOON
WITH ONLY ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS ELSEWHERE. LIGHTNING STRIKES AND
GUSTY WINDS WILL BE THE MAIN IMPACTS FROM THE STORMS.

WIND: THE LOW LEVEL WINDS WILL INCREASE ACROSS THE LAKE OKEECHOBEE
REGION INTO THE AFTERNOON HOURS. THIS COULD LEAD TO A FEW STORMS
CONTAINING WIND GUSTS OF 40 TO 50 MPH. SHOULD THE STORMS ORGANIZE
SUFFICIENTLY, THEY COULD MOVE ACROSS PALM BEACH COUNTY AND INTO
THE ADJACENT ATLANTIC WATERS WITH A CONTINUED GUSTY WIND
POTENTIAL. MARINERS SHOULD BE ALERT FOR SCATTERED FAST MOVING
SHOWERS AND STORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING GUSTY WINDS OF 35 TO 45
KNOTS, MAINLY ACROSS LAKE OKEECHOBEE AND THE ATLANTIC WATERS OFF
THE PALM BEACH COAST.

RIP CURRENTS: SOUTHWEST WINDS NEAR 10 KNOTS WILL RESULT IN A
SLIGHT RISK OF RIP CURRENTS AT THE COLLIER COUNTY BEACHES THIS
AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY

SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP EACH DAY WITH
LIGHTNING STRIKES BEING THE PRIMARY RISK FROM THE STORMS.

MORE UNSETTLED WEATHER CONDITIONS ARE POSSIBLE EARLY NEXT WEEK,
DEPENDENT ON THE FUTURE TRACK AND INTENSITY OF AN AREA OF
LOW PRESSURE NOW LOCATED JUST EAST OF THE NORTHERN LEEWARD
ISLANDS. RESIDENTS AND VISITORS SHOULD MONITOR THE LATEST
UPDATES OVER THE NEXT FEW DAYS ON THIS POTENTIALLY DEVELOPING
TROPICAL SYSTEM.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION IS NOT ANTICIPATED THROUGH TONIGHT.

FOR MORE INFORMATION...VISIT THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN
MIAMI WEBSITE AT WWW.WEATHER.GOV/MIAMI.

DG

In the hours before

Local storm report, Aug 14, 2:20 PM EDT, 10 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIAMI FL
220 PM EDT THU AUG 14 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0200 PM     TSTM WND GST     20 NE LAKEPORT          27.18N 80.90W
08/14/2008  M59 MPH          OKEECHOBEE         FL   MESONET

&&

RADER

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Miami, FL (KMFL), 12:00Z

6.5 hours before the tornado, 3 km from the path. August 14, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Miami, FL at 12:00Z on 2008-08-14Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1641 joules per kilogram, CIN -15, lifted condensation level 833 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Miami, FL at 12:00Z on 2008-08-14The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 52 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 9 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1641 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-15 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1509 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
833 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
52 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
34 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Miami, FL (KMFL), 00:00Z

5.5 hours after it, 3 km from the path. August 15, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Miami, FL at 00:00Z on 2008-08-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1472 joules per kilogram, CIN -33, lifted condensation level 873 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Miami, FL at 00:00Z on 2008-08-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -3 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 13 knots.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1472 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-33 J/kg
Surface CAPE
127 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
873 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
13 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
8 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-3 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-82 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.2 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Miami International Airport (MIA), 7 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
16:53 UTC9172190° 7 kt1015.9
17:44 UTC91.477120° 12 kt1015.6
17:53 UTC9077150° 12 kt1015.6
18:22 UTC82.473.4 6 kt1015.6-TSRA
18:42 UTC82.473.480° 3 kt1015.6-TSRA
18:53 UTC827550° 8 kt1015.6-TSRA
19:53 UTC7871120° 6 kt1015.6TS

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
18:27 UTCTSTM WND GST 552 Ese HialeahMiami-Dade, FLAT MADISON MIDDLE SCHOOL.
18:30 UTCTORNADO2 Sse HialeahMiami-Dade, FLEF1 RATED TORNADO WITH HIGHEST ESTIMATED WIND SPEEDS NEAR 90 MPH. TORNADO TRACK BEGAN AT W 22ND STREET JUST WEST OF W 1 AVE WHERE VEHICLES WERE MOVED AND FLIPPED AT A TOW YARD. ROOF DAMAGE TO AT LEAST FIVE SEPARATE APART
18:40 UTCTORNADOHialeahMiami-Dade, FLHIALEAH PD REPORTED TWO VEHICLES FLIPPED AT PALM AVENUE AND 17TH STREET.
18:55 UTCTSTM WND GST 522 N Downtown MiamiMiami-Dade, FLAT JOSE DE DIEGO MIDDLE SCHOOL IN WYNWOOD.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2008 tornado in FloridaEvery tornado in Florida since 1950Warnings in force in Florida nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of August 14, 2008

3 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
August 143:35 PM CDTEF0Brown, SD0.110
August 144:55 PM CDTEF0Hyde, SD0.110
August 146:45 PM CDTEF0Steele, ND0.225

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.