Tornadoes · United States · Florida · 1997

F0 tornado, Tampa, Florida, April 28, 1997

This F0 tornado ran 2.7 miles across Hillsborough County on April 28, 1997, touching down at 11:55 AM EDT and reaching 50 yards wide. It killed nobody and injured 1, and did $500,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
April 28, 1997
Touchdown
11:55 AM EDT (15:55 UTC)
Path length
2.7 miles (4.3 km)
Path width
50 yards (46 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
1
Property damage
$500,000
County
Hillsborough County
Touchdown point
27.980, -82.470
Lift-off point
27.980, -82.470
Record number
419

What the Weather Service recorded

A tornado touched down on 10th Street and Martin Luther King Blvd and downed several trees and power lines. The tornado continued northeast across a residential area where it caused minor roof and garage damage and downed a few trees and power lines. A small warehouse incurred roof damage and a gazebo was picked up and destroyed by the tornadic wind near Giddens Street and 15th Avenue. A woman working in the damaged warehouse received neck and back injuries from the wind blown roof debris.The tornado crossed the intersection of Hillsborough Avenue and 17th Street where it blew down the sign of a Checker Hamburgers fast-food restaurant, damaged several dozen vehicles of an auto dealership and downed a large flag pole.The next touchdown occurred on 30th Street and Crawford where two ten inch diameter pine trees were snapped off twenty feet above ground level. The final touchdown occurred at a water treatment plant along the Hillsborough River where minor damage was reported.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Tampa Bay, FL (KTBW), 12:00Z

3.9 hours before the tornado, 31 km from the path. April 28, 1997.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Tampa Bay, FL at 12:00Z on 1997-04-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1286 joules per kilogram, CIN 0, lifted condensation level 576 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Tampa Bay, FL at 12:00Z on 1997-04-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 209 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 50 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1286 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
0 J/kg
Surface CAPE
743 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
576 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
50 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
209 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
217 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.8
Supercell composite
8.2
0-3 km lapse rate
5.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The surface observations

Tampa International Airport (TPA), 7 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
00:00 UTC

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1997 tornado in FloridaEvery tornado in Florida since 1950Warnings in force in Florida nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 28, 1997

5 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 285:15 AM EDTF1Clinch, GA1.060$150,000
April 2812:30 PM EDTF0Charlotte, FL0.610$30,000
April 281:23 PM EDTF0DeSoto, FL3.010$2,000
April 281:45 PM EDTF0DeSoto, FL0.110
April 282:00 PM EDTF0Highlands, FL0.210

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.