Tornadoes · United States · Colorado · 2016

EF2 tornado, Wray Muni Arpt to Alvin, Colorado, May 7, 2016

From Wray Muni Arpt to Alvin, this EF2 tornado ran 7.9 miles across Yuma County on May 7, 2016, touching down at 5:53 PM MDT and reaching 440 yards wide. It killed nobody and injured 4, and did $135,000 of property damage.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mphthis tornado

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF2
Date
May 7, 2016
Touchdown
5:53 PM MDT (23:53 UTC)
Lifted
6:16 PM MDT (00:16 UTC)
On the ground
23 minutes
Path length
7.9 miles (12.8 km)
Path width
440 yards (402 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
4
Property damage
$135,000
County
Yuma County
Touchdown point
40.120, -102.233
Lift-off point
40.233, -102.207
Record number
1605071753-01

What the Weather Service recorded

Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms developed over East Central Colorado along a warm front, with the storms and warm front moving north during the afternoon. Four tornadoes occurred with these storms during the afternoon, all of them in the Eckley and Wray area. Three of the four tornadoes lasted less than 10 minutes. The strongest and most destructive tornado developed on the northwest side of Wray and moved north-northeast. There were no fatalities with this tornado, but there were 4 minor injuries. Large hail also occurred with some of these storms. The largest hail stone was 2.5 in diameter which fell near Alvin. The strongest severe wind gust was estimated to be 65 MPH reported north of Seibert.

The tornado developed just north of the Wray airport. It remained semi-stationary for the first few minutes of its lifetime before moving north. The tornado crossed Highway 385 just north of the CR 39 intersection. As it crossed the highway it strewed barb wire fencing across the road, picked up a semi and the attached trailer, tossing them east of the highway. Cargo from the trailer was blown across the highway. A tractor parked near the highway was flipped on its side at this same location. Near this same location a mobile home had the roof removed by the tornado. Law enforcement reported around 40 electrical poles were down due to the tornado. According to law enforcement four people impacted by the tornado had minor injuries. The tornado's path was in the rural areas north of Wray. The tornado ended before reaching CR 45 east of Highway 385.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

23 minutes of warning. NWS GLD issued a tornado warning for this county at 23:30 UTC, 23 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 00:00 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 18:31 UTC and running to 03:00 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
18:31 UTC03:00 UTCTornado WatchGLD
20:39 UTC21:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
21:21 UTC22:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
21:57 UTC22:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
22:08 UTC22:31 UTCTornado WarningGLD
22:29 UTC23:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
22:45 UTC23:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
22:56 UTC23:18 UTCTornado WarningGLD
23:11 UTC00:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
23:30 UTC00:00 UTCTornado WarningGLD
23:51 UTC00:15 UTCTornado WarningGLD
00:02 UTC00:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningGLD
00:10 UTC00:45 UTCTornado WarningGLD
00:33 UTC01:00 UTCTornado WarningGLD
00:58 UTC01:18 UTCTornado WarningGLD

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:51 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Denver, CO (KDEN), 12:00Z

11.9 hours before the tornado, 93 km from the path. May 7, 2016.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Denver, CO at 12:00Z on 2016-05-07Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 5 joules per kilogram, CIN -219, lifted condensation level 776 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Denver, CO at 12:00Z on 2016-05-07The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -38 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 64 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
5 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-219 J/kg
Surface CAPE
421 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
776 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
64 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
8 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-38 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
163 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Denver, CO (KDEN), 00:00Z

0.1 hours after it, 93 km from the path. May 8, 2016.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Denver, CO at 00:00Z on 2016-05-08Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -48557, lifted condensation level 1869 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Denver, CO at 00:00Z on 2016-05-08The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -86 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-48557 J/kg
Surface CAPE
214 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1869 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
7 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-86 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
-151 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
6.9 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Goodland radar (KGLD), 100 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:54 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
21:28 UTCHAIL 18 N JoesYuma, CO
21:54 UTCHAIL 1AbarrYuma, CO
22:14 UTCTORNADO4 N HeartstrongYuma, COBRIEF TORNADO.
22:15 UTCHAIL 14 N HeartstrongYuma, COLASTED 5 MINUTES.
22:19 UTCHAIL 13 Ese YumaYuma, CO
22:26 UTCHAIL 0.5EckleyYuma, CO
22:32 UTCHAIL 12 E EckleyYuma, CO
23:01 UTCTORNADO5 Nne EckleyYuma, COLAST 4 MINUTES. CORRECTED DISTANCE. TORNADO AT COUNTY ROAD W AND COUNTY ROAD 48.
23:01 UTCTORNADO7 Nne EckleyYuma, CO
23:05 UTCHAIL 0.56 Ese HeartstrongYuma, CO
23:32 UTCHAIL 14 Wnw VernonYuma, CO
23:36 UTCTORNADO4 Ssw WrayYuma, COLIFTED AFTER TWO MINUTES.
23:41 UTCTORNADO3 S WrayYuma, COLASTED 2 MINUTES THEN DISSIPATED. CROSSED CR 32 A QUARTER MILE WEST OF HIGHWAY 385.
23:41 UTCTORNADO3 S WrayYuma, COSTRAIGHT SOUTH OF WRAY.
23:54 UTCTORNADON WrayYuma, COON NORTH SIDE OF TOWN.
00:00 UTCHAIL 1.515 N WrayYuma, COHAIL BETWEEN 1800 AND 1830 LOCAL TIME.
00:05 UTCTORNADON WrayYuma, COCONTINUING ON NORTHEAST FROM TOWN.
00:08 UTCTORNADO2 N WrayYuma, COTORNADO DAMAGE OBSERVED 2 MILES NORTH OF WRAY INCLUDING ROOF DAMAGE TO HOUSE AND POWER LINES DOWN.
00:10 UTCTORNADO2 N WrayYuma, COTORNADO FLIPPED TRACTORS AND DESTROYED OUTBUILDINGS.
00:16 UTCTORNADO10 Nne WrayYuma, CODELAYED REPORT. TORNADO PRODUCED PATH OF DAMAGE FROM NORTH OF WRAY TO 10 NNE OF WRAY BEFORE LIFTING. THIS MAY REPLACE THE LOCATION OF THE EARLIER REPORT OF 7 N OF WRAY WHERE THE TORNADOES LIFTED.
00:16 UTCTORNADO7 N WrayYuma, COTWO TORNADOES ROUGHLY 7 MILES NORTH OF WRAY. SECOND TORNADO LASTED 2 MINUTES THEN BOTH TORNADOES LIFTED AT SAME TIME.
00:30 UTCHAIL 1.25Sse WaunetaYuma, CO
00:30 UTCHAIL 2.54 Nw AlvinYuma, CO
00:34 UTCTORNADON WrayYuma, COMOBILE HOME DESTROYED AN UNKNOWN DISTANCE NORTH OF WRAY.
00:49 UTCHAIL 13 N AlvinYuma, CO
01:00 UTCTSTM WND DMG9 S HolyokePhillips, COUS 385 CLOSED IN BOTH DIRECTION, BETWEEN HOLYOKE AND WRAY IN YUMA COUNTY DUE TO DOWNED POWER LINES.
01:15 UTCHAIL 1.756 Se HolyokePhillips, CO

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2016 tornado in ColoradoEvery tornado in Colorado since 1950Warnings in force in Colorado nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 7, 2016

8 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 72:20 PM MDTEF0Morgan, CO0.550
May 72:25 PM MDTEF0Weld, CO0.550
May 72:55 PM MDTEF2Weld, CO8.81,320
May 73:35 PM MDTEF0Morgan, CO0.550
May 74:06 PM MDTEF0Yuma, CO4.025
May 74:57 PM MDTEF0Yuma, CO1.325
May 75:37 PM MDTEF0Yuma, CO0.6100
May 78:20 PM EDTEF1Pike, IN4.370$50,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.