Tornadoes · United States · Arkansas · 2008

EF1 tornado, Dallas, Arkansas, April 9, 2008

This EF1 tornado ran 2.1 miles across Polk County on April 9, 2008, touching down at 9:42 PM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
April 9, 2008
Touchdown
9:42 PM CDT (02:42 UTC)
Lifted
9:43 PM CDT (02:43 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
2.1 miles (3.4 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Polk County
Touchdown point
34.458, -94.184
Lift-off point
34.474, -94.152
Record number
0804092042-01

What the Weather Service recorded

A weather system moved away from the state well to the north and east during the night of the 8th and early on the 9th. A front became parallel to the wind flow aloft, which gave the front little push. The front stalled across southern Arkansas, with showers and thunderstorms continuing. Areas of heavy rain occurred in central and southern sections of the state, with amounts greater than two inches in some areas. A new storm system began intensifying in west Texas on the 9th, with the front beginning to lift to the north. Along and north of the front, a few severe storms popped up in the western counties during the evening.

Some trees were knocked down in the Ouachita National Forest.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

37 minutes of warning. NWS LZK issued a tornado warning for this county at 02:05 UTC, 37 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 02:45 UTC.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 01:19 UTC and running to 06:45 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
09:04 UTC23:41 UTCFlash Flood WatchLZK
01:19 UTC06:45 UTCTornado WatchLZK
02:05 UTC02:45 UTCTornado WarningLZK
02:45 UTC03:30 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLZK
03:12 UTC06:15 UTCFlash Flood WarningLZK
04:54 UTC10:00 UTCFlash Flood WarningLZK
08:55 UTC14:51 UTCTornado WatchLZK
11:10 UTC12:15 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningLZK
12:00 UTC04:58 UTCLake Wind AdvisoryLZK

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Moderate Risk, with a 0.15 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 01:01 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Shreveport, LA (KSHV), 00:00Z

2.7 hours before the tornado, 224 km from the path. April 10, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Shreveport, LA at 00:00Z on 2008-04-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1185 joules per kilogram, CIN -22, lifted condensation level 973 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Shreveport, LA at 00:00Z on 2008-04-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 206 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 57 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1185 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-22 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1577 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
973 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
57 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
206 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
330 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.8
Supercell composite
7.2
0-3 km lapse rate
6.8 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Shreveport, LA (KSHV), 12:00Z

9.3 hours after it, 224 km from the path. April 10, 2008.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2008-04-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 580 joules per kilogram, CIN -8, lifted condensation level 773 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2008-04-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 323 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 48 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
580 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-8 J/kg
Surface CAPE
662 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
773 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
34 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
323 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
615 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.4
Supercell composite
7.1
0-3 km lapse rate
5.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Western Arkansas radar (KSRX), 93 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 02:41 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
02:21 UTCHAIL 1HatfieldPolk, ARPOLK COUNTY SHERIFFS OFFICE RECEIVED A REPORT OF QUARTER SIZE HAIL AT HATFIELD.
02:46 UTCHAIL 0.88AcornPolk, ARPENNY TO NICKEL SIZE HAIL WAS REPORTED AT ACORN IN NORTHERN POLK COUNTY.
02:50 UTCHAIL 0.75MenaPolk, ARPENNY SIZE HAIL WAS REPORTED IN MENA.
03:20 UTCFLASH FLOODMenaPolk, ARPOLK COUNTY SHERIFFS OFFICE REPORTS SANDBAGGING AT THE EMERGENCY ROOM AT THE HOSPITAL IN MENA, AND UP TO ONE FOOT OF WATER IN PLACES ON HWY 71. HWY 375 HAS UP TO 6 INCHES OF STANDING WATER. STANDING WATER IS ALSO REPORTE

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2008 tornado in ArkansasEvery tornado in Arkansas since 1950Warnings in force in Arkansas nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of April 9, 2008

20 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
April 93:28 PM CDTEF0Taylor, TX0.150
April 93:35 PM CDTEF0Taylor, TX0.150
April 95:12 PM CDTEF0Stephens, TX2.375$40,000
April 95:21 PM CDTEF1Stephens, TX7.14006$1.0 million
April 95:36 PM CDTEF0Stephens, TX1.570
April 95:55 PM CDTEF0Palo Pinto, TX1.150
April 95:45 PM MDTEF0Flathead, MT0.010
April 96:50 PM CDTEF0Palo Pinto, TX1.7100$150,000
April 97:10 PM CDTEF0Choctaw, OK0.175
April 97:43 PM CDTEF0Wise, TX1.860
April 98:26 PM CDTEF0McCurtain, OK1.0100
April 98:42 PM CDTEF0McCurtain, OK1.0150
April 99:03 PM CDTEF0Haskell, OK0.175$1,000
April 99:20 PM CDTEF0Grayson, TX1.350
April 910:07 PM CDTEF0LeFlore, OK0.175
April 911:57 PM CDTEF0Irion, TX3.7300
April 912:01 AM CDTEF1Tom Green, TX1.575$150,000
April 912:07 AM CDTEF0Tom Green, TX6.780$10,000
April 912:14 AM CDTEF1Tom Green, TX4.1150$6.0 million
April 912:32 AM CDTEF0Tom Green, TX2.0100$50,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.