Tornadoes · United States · Alabama · 2025

EF1 tornado, Neel to Leesdale, Alabama, May 20, 2025

From Neel to Leesdale, this EF1 tornado ran 11.0 miles across Morgan County on May 20, 2025, touching down at 6:52 PM CDT and reaching 540 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
May 20, 2025
Touchdown
6:52 PM CDT (23:52 UTC)
Lifted
7:00 PM CDT (00:00 UTC)
On the ground
8 minutes
Path length
11.0 miles (17.7 km)
Path width
540 yards (494 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Morgan County
Touchdown point
34.468, -87.029
Lift-off point
34.537, -86.878
Record number
2505201752-01

The damage survey

62 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS HUN, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EFU. The highest wind the damage implies is 125 mph.

  • Tombstones were flipped and dragged at Anderson Cemetary. Surveyed by Chase Wilson of Tennessee Valley Weather.
  • Move point north into the backyard by about 200 yards (done)
  • Multiple large branches and trees uprooted
  • Tombstones were flipped and dragged at Anderson Cemetary. A utility box was pulled up. Surveyed by Chase Wilson and Samuel Camp of Tennessee Valley Weather.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

An outbreak of tornadoes, large hail, wind damage and flash flooding occurred during the afternoon and evening of the 20th. Fourteen tornadoes occurred in north Alabama, including 1 EF-0, 10 EF-1, 2 EF-2, and 1 EF-U (unknown) which was a waterspout on Wheeler Lake. One person was injured in Colbert County. There were also several reports of large hail, including baseball sized and larger in northern Lawrence and southeastern Lauderdale Counties. Damaging winds were also experienced as well with the severe thunderstorms. Lightning sparked a fire which resulted in severe structural and water damage and total loss to the Albertville Public Library which is scheduled to be demolished. There were two reports of flash flooding in Jackson County.

The tornado started near Rocky Ford Road and continued east toward U.S. Highway 31. Several large branches were found down along with trees uprooted along Van Bridge Road. A tree was found snapped at the trunk along Vaughn Bridge Road where the tornado reached its maximum intensity of EF-1 with a wind speed of 105 MPH. Northeast of|Vaughn Bridge Road the tornado reached its maximum width where several large branches were found. The tornado continued east crossing U.S. Highway 31 and then took a northeast turn with several large branches down along Indian Hills Road. The track continued northeast crossing Interstate 65 and ventured into Priceville. Several large branches were again found on various streets north of Point Mallard Parkway SE before the tornado dissipated along Cove Springs Road.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 19:36 UTC and running to 02:43 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
19:36 UTC02:43 UTCTornado WatchHUN
22:36 UTC23:15 UTCTornado WarningHUN
23:09 UTC23:18 UTCTornado WarningHUN
23:32 UTC00:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUN
00:01 UTC00:30 UTCTornado WarningHUN
00:27 UTC00:49 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUN
00:30 UTC00:38 UTCTornado WarningHUN
01:04 UTC01:30 UTCTornado WarningHUN
01:08 UTC01:43 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUN
01:32 UTC02:00 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Enhanced Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles, in the hatched area where significant tornadoes were expected. The outlook in force was issued at 19:52 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 12:00Z

11.9 hours before the tornado, 148 km from the path. May 20, 2025.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2025-05-20Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 218 joules per kilogram, CIN -151, lifted condensation level 831 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2025-05-20The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 82 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 42 knots.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
218 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-151 J/kg
Surface CAPE
929 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
831 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
42 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
82 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
136 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.7
0-3 km lapse rate
4.4 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 00:00Z

0.1 hours after it, 148 km from the path. May 21, 2025.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2025-05-21Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1265 joules per kilogram, CIN -6, lifted condensation level 1357 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2025-05-21The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 175 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 48 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1265 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-6 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1796 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1357 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
175 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
235 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.8
Supercell composite
6.6
0-3 km lapse rate
7.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Northeast Alabama radar (KHTX), 93 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 23:51 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
21:27 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Ese RogersvilleLauderdale, ALGolf ball size observed hail along Elk River ESE of Rogersville. Time estimated from radar.
22:10 UTCTORNADO5 S KillenColbert, AL*** 1 INJ *** An EF-1 tornado was found starting in Ford City. This tornado had a maximum intensity of 105 MPH, a maximum width of 575 yards, and a path length of 17.74 miles. Several large trees were downed by this torn
22:12 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Sse AthensLimestone, ALNumerous trees down at Exit 347 off of I-65 in Limestone County.
22:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Sse KillenColbert, AL*** 1 INJ *** A tree was uprooted and landed on a home causing Minor injury to child in home due to drywall falling and scratching the individual.
22:21 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 Wsw RogersvilleLawrence, ALBaseball-size hail along the Tennessee River at Joe Wheeler State Park. Time estimated from radar.
22:22 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 S KillenColbert, ALTree down on a house in Ford City.
22:22 UTCHAIL 2.755 Sw RogersvilleLawrence, ALBaseball size hail reported in Freeman Acres community of Lawrence County.
22:23 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Sse KillenColbert, AL911 call center reported a tree down at 720 Gargis Hollow Rd in Muscle Shoals AL.
22:23 UTCTSTM WND DMG7 Wsw RogersvilleLawrence, ALTree down on a camper at the Big Nance mobile home park Hwy 101.
22:24 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 Sw RogersvilleLawrence, ALSeveral trees down, power lines down, and damage to roof tops on homes and barns in the Red Bank community north of Town Creek. Time estimated from radar.
22:32 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 S RogersvilleLauderdale, ALMultiple power poles and trees down CR 605 in the Rogersville area. Time estimated by radar.
22:32 UTCHAIL 43 Wsw RogersvilleLauderdale, ALHail of 3.75 inches in diameter was measured at the Joe Wheeler State Park Golf Course. Time estimated by radar.
22:34 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 E North CourtlandLawrence, ALPower poles and trees down on County Road 389 north of Alabama Highway 20. Time estimated from radar.
22:35 UTCHAIL 1.753 Ese RogersvilleLauderdale, ALEMA reported golf ball sized hail on HWY 72 at the Elk River.
22:38 UTCHAIL 2.757 N Town CreekLawrence, ALEMA reported baseball size hail in the Red Bank area south of Wheeler Dam.
22:38 UTCHAIL 33 N Town CreekLawrence, ALPicture of 3 inch hail in Town Creek.
22:42 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Se RogersvilleLimestone, ALTrees and power lines down along Little Elk Road. Time estimated from radar.
22:44 UTCHAIL 13 Sw AndersonLauderdale, ALReport from mPING: Quarter (1.00 in.).
22:51 UTCTORNADO5 Ne HillsboroLawrence, ALTwo videos of a waterspout were provided via social media from the Blacks Landing area along Wheeler Lake. The waterspout formed south of Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant and tracked east toward the Round Island Creek Pu
23:04 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 W AthensLimestone, ALTree down at Hwy 72 and Glaze Rd. Timer estimated from radar.
23:09 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wsw AthensLimestone, ALTree down on Hine Street South. Time estimated from radar.
23:09 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Wsw AthensLimestone, ALPower lines down along Grisby lane and Brownsferry Roads. Time estimated from radar.
23:09 UTCTORNADO4 Ese RogersvilleLimestone, ALAn EF-1 tornado was found in Limestone county with a maximum speed of 100 MPH, a maximum width of 65 yards, and a path length of 0.86 miles.
23:09 UTCTORNADO5 S AthensLimestone, ALAn EF-2 tornado with peak wind of 125 mph, path length of 13.15 miles, and maximum path width 380 yards.
23:10 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 W AthensLimestone, ALMultiple downed power poles and poles snapped on Lucas Ferry Rd just south of hwy 72.
23:12 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Wsw AthensLimestone, ALSeveral trees and powerlines down along Sanderfer Rd. Time estimated from radar.
23:12 UTCTSTM WND DMGAthensLimestone, ALTree down on a house behind the Staples in Athens. Time estimated from radar.
23:20 UTCTSTM WND DMG6 N MooresvilleLimestone, ALSeveral reports of trees and lines down on Mooresville Road near Greenbrier Pkwy. Time estimated by radar.
23:20 UTCTORNADO6 Nne MooresvilleLimestone, ALStorm chaser video confirmation of tornado.
23:21 UTCHAIL 0.753 Nw AthensLimestone, ALReport from mPING: Dime (0.75 in.).
23:26 UTCHAIL 1.754 S AthensLimestone, ALGolfball size hail reported near Tanner. Time estimated by radar.
23:30 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 N MadisonMadison, ALNumerous trees down near West Madison Elementary School and the Sage Trails Apartments on Wall-Triana Highway in Madison.
23:31 UTCTORNADO1 Nnw MadisonMadison, ALPublic report of a tornado with pictures of multiple trees uprooted, snapped, and at least one tree on a structure on Markum Lane.
23:31 UTCTORNADO2 N MadisonMadison, ALRoof torn off of a two story home as well as significant damage to roofs and walls of surrounding houses.
23:39 UTCHAIL 1.256 E AthensLimestone, ALReport from mPING: Half Dollar (1.25 in.).
23:40 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 Sse HarvestMadison, ALTree down on house on Glenmore Dr.
23:40 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Sse HarvestMadison, ALTree through a house in the area of Wedgewood Terrace Road and Nick Davis. Time estimated by radar.
23:40 UTCHAIL 12 Ese MadisonMadison, ALQuarter size hail reported at Shelton Rd and Madison Blvd.
23:41 UTCHAIL 1.754 Sw AthensLimestone, ALReport from mPING: Golf Ball (1.75 in.).
23:43 UTCHAIL 0.752 Nw MadisonMadison, ALReport from mPING: Dime (0.75 in.).

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2025 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of May 20, 2025

38 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
May 201:08 AM CDTEF1Cape Girardeau, MO1.7150$200,000
May 201:41 AM CDTEF0Lamar, TX0.150
May 201:46 AM CDTEF1Union, IL1.850$80,000
May 202:08 AM CDTEF1Hot Spring, AR3.8100
May 2012:03 PM CDTEF1Lauderdale, AL1.880
May 201:20 PM CDTEF0Marshall, TN1.4300$250,000
May 202:58 PM EDTEF1Roane, TN0.5100$50,000
May 202:15 PM CDTEF0Douglas, IL2.920
May 203:15 PM CDTEF0Madison, TN1.375$15,000
May 203:27 PM CDTUnratedLogan, IL1.130
May 203:59 PM CDTEF0Lewis, TN2.750
May 204:09 PM CDTUnratedFord, IL0.7100
May 204:57 PM CDTEF0Champaign, IL0.930
May 205:04 PM CDTEF1Chicot, AR11.6700
May 205:06 PM CDTEF1Vermilion, IL5.080
May 205:06 PM CDTEF0Vermilion, IL6.740
May 205:08 PM CDTEF0Montgomery, TN9.3100$250,000
May 205:10 PM CDTEF1Lauderdale, AL17.1575$688,000
May 205:25 PM CDTEF0Montgomery, TN3.2200$250,000
May 205:39 PM CDTEF0Vermilion, IL1.730
May 205:47 PM CDTEF0Coffee, TN1.1150$250,000
May 205:51 PM CDTUnratedLimestone, AL2.225
May 206:09 PM CDTEF2Limestone, AL13.2125
May 206:09 PM CDTEF1Limestone, AL0.965
May 206:11 PM CDTEF1Limestone, AL2.8160$927,000
May 206:51 PM CDTEF1Madison, AL8.7280
May 207:07 PM CDTEF2Madison, AL7.3400
May 207:14 PM CDTEF1Jackson, AL10.5275
May 207:29 PM CDTEF1Cumberland, TN4.8150$250,000
May 208:46 PM CDTEF1Marshall, AL3.4150
May 208:47 PM CDTEF0Jackson, AL6.1105
May 209:33 PM CDTEF1DeKalb, AL6.0700
May 209:49 PM CDTEF1DeKalb, AL0.4250
May 2011:42 PM EDTEF0Gordon, GA4.7200
May 2011:43 PM EDTEF0Gordon, GA2.4100
May 2012:09 AM EDTEF0Cherokee, GA2.0150
May 2011:38 PM CDTEF1Calhoun, AL3.51,000
May 2012:28 AM CDTEF1Cleburne, AL2.0550

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.