As a surface low cut across Missouri and Illinois, its eastward stretching warm front moved north across central Indiana while its cold front moved east towards the Lower Ohio Valley. This placed southern Indiana in the warm sector, where 3 separate lines of convection moved through during the day.
Every event with a place to put it. Tap one for its entry below.
Deaths and injuries are direct and indirect together, as the offices filed them. Damage is property and crops in the dollars of the year, not adjusted for inflation, and only where an office estimated it.
The episode as NWS LMK wrote it up.
As a surface low cut across Missouri and Illinois, its eastward stretching warm front moved north across central Indiana while its cold front moved east towards the Lower Ohio Valley. This placed southern Indiana in the warm sector, where 3 separate lines of convection moved through during the day. The first line of storms generating from an early morning outflow boundary dropped southeast through the area. This produced some isolated wind damage which caused one person to get injured in Dubois County. The second line, moving west to east, ripped the roof off a fire house in Crawford County before producing a tornado near Georgetown. The third line, just ahead of the cold front, moved through during the evening hours. This line knocked trees down in Crawford County before producing a tornado along Interstate 265 in Clark County that crossed the Ohio River into Kentucky. A total of ten injuries were reported from the Indiana Department of Homeland Security.
The local office's own words before the first event, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Louisville, KY wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Apr 2, 6:17 AM EST, 3 minutes earlier. Its key messages:
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Louisville KY
717 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
.KEY MESSAGES...
* Isolated severe storms possible this morning in southern Indiana
and northern Kentucky. Damaging winds and brief tornadoes
possible.
* Severe storms are likely this afternoon and evening. Damaging
winds, large hail, and tornadoes are all possible. Localized flash
flooding is also possible in areas impacted by repeated heavy
rainfall.
* Rain on Wednesday could mix with or change to snow Wednesday night
into Thursday morning. A light accumulation of snow cannot be
ruled out, but significant impacts from snow are unlikely.
* Quiet weather expected Friday into next weekend.
&&
.MESOSCALE...
Issued at 717 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
SPC has issued a Tornado Watch for much of central Kentucky and
portions of far southern Indiana. Storms over the lower Wabash and
Ohio Valleys have produced damaging winds and possible tornadoes as
they head east. The roof of the EOC in Evansville was damaged by
winds that may have been in the 70-80mph range. The atmosphere ahead
of these storms continues to be very favorable for severe weather
with moderately unstable MLCAPE, very low LCLs, steep mid-level
lapse rates, and extremely strong shear. Surface winds are mostly
still from the SSW, but some backing has occurred on Mesonet sites
just ahead of the line. The only minor limiting factors are some
slightly warm temperatures showing up on ACARS soundings around
700mb and just weak to moderate low level lapse rates.
Note that while these storms must be taken very seriously as they
move in, this round of severe weather is not the expected "main
show" for the day. Supercell development this afternoon will have
the potential to produce damaging winds, very large hail, and
destructive tornadoes.
Issued at 632 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
A severe linear MCS oriented NNE to SSW is now pushing east across
southern IL and quickly approaching southwestern IN and western KY.
This squall line has a significant line-normal component to the 50
kt WSW 0-3 km shear vector. Several mesovortices have been noted in
this wavy line, and multiple Tornado Warnings are in effect
(including for Paducah KY). This line is expected to continue moving
ENE into our westernmost southern IN and central KY counties by 615-
630 AM CDT.
The downstream environment appears favorable for maintenance of the
line. While low-level lapse rates are marginal, 0-3 km MLCAPE
exceeding 50 J/kg suggests sufficient low-level buoyancy is
present to support further mesovortexgenesis. LCL heights have
dipped below 750 m.
Low-level shear/SRH is quite strong, with 0-1 km bulk shear of 35
kts and effective SRH exceeding 250 m2/s2. The Significant Tornado
Parameter has increased to 2-3. Damaging straight-line winds
and tornadoes will be possible with this line as it pushes east.
&&
.SHORT TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
Issued at 405 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
A warm frontal boundary remains draped ENE through southern Indiana
early this morning, near/just north of the CWA border. Widespread
convection is ongoing from near a triple point over Missouri ENE
into Indiana. Warmer air aloft has kept a lid on convection up to
this point in far southern IN and central KY. Recent mesoanalysis
data and SDF ACARS soundings show a relatively weaker mid-level cap
now in southern IN and north-central KY. Local radar remains quiet
at this hour, and we've only had some weak SCT warm advection
showers develop overnight amid a strengthening SW LLJ.
In the near-term, attention will first be focused on the MCS pushing
east-northeast near and south of the St. Louis Metro. This
convection could pose an isolated severe weather risk in southern
Indiana during the mid-morning hours. The main concern is isolated
damaging winds, though hail and a brief tornado cannot be ruled out.
It appears this convection will continue to ride the modest
instability gradient associated with the effective warm
front/convective outflow boundary. While instability is modest, LCLs
are lowering in a moist airmass. Low-level and deep-layer shear have
strengthened recently, and a concerning amount of low-level SRH has
helped the Significant Tornado Parameter rise to around 1 in
southern IN.
The severe weather threat appears to be much lower further south
into central KY early in the day. However, our concern has increased
for the afternoon and evening hours. With the possibility of
relatively sparse precip coverage over portions of the area this
morning, there is more confidence in sufficient BL heating and
destabilization by mid-afternoon. Sfc temps are currently hovering
near 70 with sfc dewpoints in the low to mid 60s. Sfc temps in drier
areas should easily warm into the mid/upper 70s this afternoon,
allowing MLCAPE of 1500+ J/kg.
As the synoptic scale trough evolves across the central CONUS today,
SW winds aloft strengthen substantially from the southern Plains
through the Ohio Valley. A 50 kt SW LLJ is forecast to take shape
across the Ohio Valley, supporting long/looping hodographs with
notable veering in the lowest 1 km. As broad, deep ascent increases
across the warm sector, scattered to numerous thunderstorms are
expected this afternoon and evening. The instability/shear parameter
space is more than sufficient for supercellular structure. At least
scattered supercell thunderstorms are likely to initiate over
central KY and southern IN early this afternoon. A WSW oriented deep
shear vector of 60-75 kts will help increase residence time of even
rapidly moving supercells in the warm sector. All severe hazards
remain on the table, including damaging winds, tornadoes, and large
hail. Strong and/or long-track tornadoes are also possible.
Any severe threat will end this evening with the passage of the sfc
cold front, which occurs from west to east between roughly 21-03Z.
So, the primary window of concern for severe weather is early
afternoon through this evening. After a discussion with the Storm
Prediction Center, the Enhanced and Moderate Risk convective outlook
areas were both expanded somewhat to the southwest given the
increasing confidence in the mesoscale environment and the very
concerning look to forecast soundings.
While the weather has been quiet overnight, this is not the time to
let down your guard. Have a severe weather plan in place and be
ready to implement it today. Have multiple ways of receiving
warnings, such as NOAA Weather Radio, smart phone wireless alerts,
local broadcast media, and internet/social media.
&&
.LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
Issued at 405 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
Wednesday and Thursday...
By sunrise Wednesday morning, the cold front will have pushed across
the spine of the Appalachians with cool NW winds spilling across the
Ohio and Tennessee valleys behind the front. A brief reprieve from
rain chances would be expected Wednesday morning as the dry conveyor
belt will briefly work across the region before moisture trapped
beneath the upper low pushes into the region by the afternoon hours.
Speaking of the upper low, by Wednesday morning it should become
completely cut off as well as vertically stacked over the sfc low,
spinning about across the southern Great Lakes and upper Ohio Valley
Wednesday and Thursday before gradually ejecting eastward on Friday.
As the low spins overhead Wednesday afternoon, steep low- and mid-
level lapse rates and ample low-level moisture should provide the
necessary ingredients for scattered showers. A few shallow-topped
thunderstorms with small hail cannot be ruled out Wednesday
afternoon as model soundings show up to 500 J/kg SBCAPE, and
freezing levels will be quite shallow. In general, p-types should be
primarily liquid during the daytime hours Wednesday, but by
Wednesday night, soundings show the near-sfc above-freezing layer
decreasing in depth, making wintry p-types much more likely. With
saturation into the DGZ expected to continue into early Thursday
morning, would not be surprised if we saw multiple bands of
rain/snow showers, especially east of I-65 Wednesday night into
Thursday. A brief dusting of snow cannot be ruled out; however,
significant impacts from snow are not expected at this time.
Scattered rain showers will continue on and off into the day on
Thursday, likely driven by diurnal heating trends.
It will also be quite breezy Wednesday into Thursday as the sfc low
spins over the lower Great Lakes. Sustained NW winds of 15-25 mph
with gusts as high as 35 mph will make things feel quite cold,
especially with limited sunshine. Breezy NW winds will continue into
Thursday and Friday, gradually decreasing in magnitude as high
pressure moves closer to the region. The combination of mostly
cloudy skies and persistent cold advection will cause well-below
normal temperatures Wednesday and Thursday. ECMWF Extreme Forecast
Index indicates moderate-high confidence (EFI of -0.7 to -0.8) in
abnormally cold high temperatures Wednesday and Thursday. The
current forecast calls for temperatures to struggle to make it out
of the 40s, especially on Thursday.
Friday through Monday...
Friday, the upper low will begin to pull off to the east with height
rises beginning across the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys. We may begin
to see breaks in the cloud cover, especially across southwestern
portions of the CWA, which should help high temperatures begin a
gradual trend upward which will continue over the weekend. Much of
the late week and weekend period will be quiet across the region as
a large ridge of high pressure moves across the region. This should
help skies to clear and winds to die down, which will increase the
likelihood for a frost and/or freeze Saturday morning. Confidence in
sub-freezing temperatures Saturday morning has increased, with NBM
probabilities of sub-freezing temps now ranging from 50% along the
TN border to 90% across southern IN. Cloud cover will begin to
increase Sunday as another system ejects east from the central
Rockies into the Great Plains. At this time, there is still quite a
bit of uncertainty with the setup next Monday and how it would
impact potential eclipse viewing conditions. If the upper low is
able to eject farther eastward, as in the 00Z GFS, more clouds and
rain showers would be possible on Monday as a sfc low moves through
the region. On the other hand, if the upper low hangs farther west,
moisture would remain limited this far east, resulting in higher
chances for unobstructed skies.
&&
.AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z WEDNESDAY/...
Issued at 149 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
Multiple rounds of showers and storms are likely today, especially
after sunrise. Prior to sunrise, some scattered showers and a few
storms will be possible in vicinity of HNB and SDF in a warm
advection regime. However, impactful convection at these terminals
looks more likely as upstream MCS activity rides ENE from Missouri.
As of now, that appears more likely to be in the 10-14Z time frame
for HNB and SDF. These storms should weaken somewhat after 08Z, and
will likely be elevated in nature. However, strong winds and hail
will still be possible. Early morning convection is less likely at
LEX and BWG, but the potential for scattered showers/storms
increases with time.
This afternoon, scattered supercell thunderstorms will be possible
ahead of a cold front. These storms would be capable of very strong
winds, large hail, and tornadoes. Expect an active day until a cold
front clears the terminals this evening.
&&
.LMK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
KY...Flood Watch through this evening for KYZ032-033-035>037-
040>043-049.
IN...Flood Watch through this evening for INZ079.
&&
MESOSCALE...13/EBW
SHORT TERM...EBW
LONG TERM...CSG
AVIATION...EBWHazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Louisville KY 706 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024 KYZ032-033-035>037-040>043-049-031115- Trimble-Henry-Franklin-Scott KY-Harrison KY-Woodford-Fayette-Bourbon- Nicholas-Clark KY- Including the cities of Bedford, Milton, New Castle, Frankfort, Georgetown, Cynthiana, Versailles, Lexington, Paris, Carlisle, and Winchester 706 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024 ...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT THROUGH THIS EVENING... ...TORNADO WATCH 73 IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EDT TODAY... This hazardous weather outlook is for portions of south central Indiana and Central Kentucky. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Severe storms with tornadoes and damaging winds are possible this morning. Severe storms are likely this afternoon and evening, with damaging winds, very large hail, and tornadoes all expected. Flash flooding will be possible in areas that receive repeated bouts of torrential rain. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday. Freezing temperatures are expected Saturday morning. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Weather spotters are encouraged to report significant weather conditions today. GENERAL STORM MOTION OF THE DAY: Storms will move from west to east at 50 to 60 mph. Any users of this storm motion must be aware that thunderstorm activity can be erratic and constantly evolving. Please use this with caution and be prepared for changing conditions. && More information, along with other weather, hydrological and climate information can be found, at weather.gov/louisville. INZ083-084-089>092-KYZ023>031-034-038-039-045>048-053>057-061>067- 031115- Dubois-Crawford-Perry-Harrison IN-Floyd-Clark IN-Hancock- Breckinridge-Meade-Ohio-Grayson-Hardin-Bullitt-Jefferson-Oldham- Shelby-Spencer-Anderson-Nelson-Washington KY-Mercer-Jessamine-Larue- Marion-Boyle-Garrard-Madison-Butler-Edmonson-Hart-Green-Taylor-Casey- Lincoln- Including the cities of Jasper, English, Tell City, Corydon, New Albany, Jeffersonville, Lewisport, Hawesville, Hardinsburg, Brandenburg, Hartford, Leitchfield, Elizabethtown, Shepherdsville, Louisville, La Grange, Shelbyville, Taylorsville, Lawrenceburg, Bardstown, Springfield, Harrodsburg, Nicholasville, Hodgenville, Lebanon, Danville, Lancaster, Richmond, Morgantown, Brownsville, Horse Cave, Greensburg, Campbellsville, Liberty, and Stanford 706 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024 /606 AM CDT Tue Apr 2 2024/ ...TORNADO WATCH 73 IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EDT /11 AM CDT/ TODAY... This hazardous weather outlook is for portions of south central Indiana and Central Kentucky. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Severe storms with tornadoes and damaging winds are possible this morning. Severe storms are likely this afternoon and evening, with damaging winds, very large hail, and tornadoes all expected. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday. Freezing temperatures are expected Saturday morning. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Weather spotters are encouraged to report significant weather conditions today. GENERAL STORM MOTION OF THE DAY: Storms will move from west to east at 50 to 60 mph. Any users of this storm motion must be aware that thunderstorm activity can be erratic and constantly evolving. Please use this with caution and be prepared for changing conditions. && More information, along with other weather, hydrological and climate information can be found, at weather.gov/louisville. INZ076>078-KYZ070>078-081-082-031115- Orange-Washington IN-Scott IN-Logan-Warren-Simpson-Allen-Barren- Monroe-Metcalfe-Adair-Russell-Cumberland-Clinton- Including the cities of Paoli, Salem, Scottsburg, Russellville, Bowling Green, Franklin, Providence, Scottsville, Glasgow, Tompkinsville, Edmonton, Columbia, Jamestown, Burkesville, and Albany 706 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024 /606 AM CDT Tue Apr 2 2024/ This hazardous weather outlook is for portions of south central Indiana and Central Kentucky. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Isolated severe storms are possible this morning north of Interstate 64. The main threats are locally damaging winds, brief tornadoes, and marginally severe hail. Severe storms are likely this afternoon and evening, with damaging winds, very large hail, and tornadoes all possible. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday. Freezing temperatures are expected Saturday morning. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Weather spotters are encouraged to report significant weather conditions today. GENERAL STORM MOTION OF THE DAY: Storms will move from west to east at 50 to 60 mph. Any users of this storm motion must be aware that thunderstorm activity can be erratic and constantly evolving. Please use this with caution and be prepared for changing conditions. && More information, along with other weather, hydrological and climate information can be found, at weather.gov/louisville. INZ079-031115- Jefferson IN- Including the city of Madison 706 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024 ...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT THROUGH THIS EVENING... This hazardous weather outlook is for portions of south central Indiana and Central Kentucky. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Severe storms are likely this afternoon and evening, with damaging winds, very large hail, and tornadoes all expected. Flash flooding will be possible in areas that receive repeated bouts of torrential rain. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday. Freezing temperatures are expected Saturday morning. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Weather spotters are encouraged to report significant weather conditions today. GENERAL STORM MOTION OF THE DAY: Storms will move from west to east at 50 to 60 mph. Any users of this storm motion must be aware that thunderstorm activity can be erratic and constantly evolving. Please use this with caution and be prepared for changing conditions. && More information, along with other weather, hydrological and climate information can be found, at weather.gov/louisville. 13
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Louisville KY
627 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
INZ083-021130-
Dubois IN-
627 AM EDT Tue Apr 2 2024
...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL APPROACH DUBOIS COUNTY WITHIN
THE NEXT HOUR...
At 623 AM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms along
a line extending from near Omega to near Crainville. Movement was
east at 60 mph.
HAZARD...Damaging straight-line winds and quick spin-up tornadoes
are possible. This is a heads up that a line of strong to
severe storms is approaching Dubois County.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
Locations impacted include...
Jasper, Huntingburg, Ferdinand, Holland, Portersville, Millersport,
Bretzville, Dubois Crossroads, Kellerville, and Haysville.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.
&&
LAT...LON 3851 8707 3850 8706 3851 8705 3851 8700
3850 8698 3850 8696 3849 8696 3849 8695
3851 8693 3850 8691 3850 8688 3853 8683
3852 8679 3820 8689 3820 8707
TIME...MOT...LOC 1023Z 271DEG 50KT 3863 8875 3773 8902
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...50 MPH
CSGThe Louisville radar (KLVX), 79 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the first event began at 11:22 UTC.
4 thunderstorm wind, 3 tornado, 2 hail. Local standard time, as filed.
A large tree fell down west of Birdseye around the intersection of Schellville Road and 975. The tree fell on a vehicle, and the driver sustained a minor injury.
There was a report of shingles blown off of something.
On Wednesday April 3rd at approximately 1:20 PM EDT, the National Weather Service in Louisville conducted a damage assessment survey in Carefree, Indiana for damage caused by an afternoon storm on Tuesday.
Wind damage was observed at the firehouse east of State Road 66. Metal siding between the top of a block wall and the roof was blown in near the fascia. The bottom of the metal siding remained attached to the building above the block wall. Once the wind was able to enter the structure, the northern half of the roof was completely blown off the building. Some of the roof struck the newly installed outdoor warning siren which sits next to the north side of the building. Pieces of roofing and insulation blew up to 170 yards to the east-southeast before coming to rest on a tree and fence. Within this 170 yards, a trail of debris remained on the ground, in trees, and against trailers and a building on private property along the northern extent of the debris field.
After reviewing radar data, survey points, and detailed drone images from the Milltown Police Department, it's determined that a collapsing storm core produced the approximate 90 mph wind that caused the damage to the firehouse.
The National Weather Service in Louisville conducted a damage assessment survey of a tornado that started at a property off of Hidden Springs Drive in far eastern Harrison County, Indiana and ended near Watts Road, just south of Georgetown, in Floyd County. Video clearly showed the tornado touching down multiple times.
The tornado initially touched down and damaged a house off of Hidden Springs Drive. Much of the landscaping around the house wasn't disturbed. An outdoor hot tub on the northern end of the west side of the house had its heavy cover broke and thrown to the |southwest. The southwest side of this well constructed house had a section of its roof decking torn off and thrown which can be seen in the video. Wind speeds were estimated at 95 mph based on this damage. In one area of the house, the damage penetrated the ceiling. In other parts, the ceiling has been lifted away from the walls. Much of the soffit around the house has been sucked in or blown out. Some insulation from the attic is stuck to the east side of the house with additional amounts on the south facing exposed surfaces like door jambs and light fixtures. This is evidence of cyclonic flow. A patio chair that was sitting behind the house was found approximately 133 yards away in the woods.
Approximately 100 yards east of the house, a few mature trees have been snapped on the edge of the woods. Farther in the woods, roofing debris was found on the ground and in trees as far 380 yards from where it came. The main section of roof that was |thrown, and can been seen on video, wasn't located. Many trees were freshly damaged or uprooted in the woods, but many of those were already dead.
The video showed the tornado strengthening and weakening with a condensation funnel barely visible at times. It showed inflow being pulled into the tornado which was strong enough to bring down compromised trees. The tornado can also be seen dropping and lifting very small vortices as it approached Georgetown. Minor tree damage was found off of Georges Hill Road and west of Georgetown County Line Road before the tornado cross into Floyd County.
The National Weather Service in Louisville conducted a damage assessment survey of a tornado that started at a property off of Hidden Springs Drive in far eastern Harrison County, Indiana and ended near Watts Road, just south of Georgetown, in Floyd County. Video clearly showed the tornado touching down multiple times. In Harrison County the tornado was rated EF1, but in Floyd County it was rated EF0.
As the tornado crossed Georgetown County Line Road into Floyd County, there was an uptick in how widespread the damage was, and the damage was slightly more impressive with a few large branches being snapped.
Between Old Lanesville Road and Georgetown Lanesville Road, scattered tree damage continued with a large tree being uprooted. Several compromised trees were brought down too. An eyewitness that was on Georgetown Lanesville Road during the storm said she saw a finger of a tornado touch down at a house on that road before lifting. She didn't see the tornado touch down again.
The last of the damage was found off of Watts Road. A house just west of the road had damage to its gutter covers. Just east of the road, minor tree damage was observed.
There were many trees reported down in Crawford County.
The National Weather Service in Louisville surveyed storm damage in southeast Clark County IN, through far northeast Jefferson KY, and into western Oldham County. Specifically the tornado traveled just southeast of the Clark County Indiana Airport, east through Utica, crossing the Ohio River into Prospect, and lifting just east of the Sleepy Hollow Golf Course in Oldham County. The tornado was its strongest in Jefferson County, KY where it was an EF2 with 120 mph winds and 450 yards wide.
Clark County IN... A strong line of severe thunderstorms moved through Clark County Indiana developing a tornado near Interstate 265 and East State Road 62. This tornado led to healthy trees being uprooted near Charlestown Pike. Here, the tornado was an EF0 with 80 to 85 mph winds, and a width of 150 yards.
The tornado knocked over 3 full tractor trailers as well. The tornado quickly strengthened moving east through the Brookhollow neighborhood. Many garage doors were blown out, windows broken, and large sections of roof structure compromised, brick facade crumbling, and trees uprooted. The tornado was rated EF1 at 100 |mph in this neighborhood with a width of 200 yards. Many wooden boards were impaled and driven more than a foot into the ground and some were impaled into homes.
An industrial business, with metal roofing near Interstate 265 and Old Salem Road had roof section pulled and twisted and had a 5000 pound salt pod lifted up over 4 foot concrete barrier, and thrown down a hill some 40 yards. The tornado was 100 mph, EF1, with a width of 225 yards.
The tornado continued east over the Ohio River in Northern Utica. Homes along the bank of the Ohio River had broken windows and peeled metal roofing, which occurred from an EF1 tornado with 97 mph winds and width of 250 yards.
After NWS Directive 10-1605, the rules offices file Storm Data by.
Every storm in Indiana in 2024Every state in 2024This day in weather historyThe tornado archive for Indiana, 2024Warnings in Indiana, April 2024
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, compiled from the National Weather Service’s monthly Storm Data. Complete through 2026-06; NCEI adds each month about 75 days after it ends and revises past years a few times a year. Rebuilt 2026-09-24. Each event’s entry at NCEI: 1175992, 1175991, 1175957, 1175669, 1175675, 1175974, 1175636, 1176061, 1175637.