NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Feb 15, 7:12 PM EST, 1 hour 48 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Feb 15, 7:12 PM EST, 1 hour 48 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Mount Holly NJ
712 PM EST Mon Feb 15 2021
.SYNOPSIS...
A strong low pressure system is forecast to cross the Mid-Atlantic
region tonight into Tuesday. High pressure builds out of the
Great Lakes and into the northeast through Wednesday night.
Another storm system is forecast to affect the area Thursday
into Friday. High pressure then builds in over the weekend.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TUESDAY/...
Based on latest surface obs, went ahead and made some changes to
the forecast and the hazards.
For most areas just south and east of I-95, temperatures are
above freezing and should mostly stay above freezing as
temperatures slowly rise into the evening. As a result,
expecting plain rain in these areas.
Went ahead and cancelled the Winter Weather Advisory that was
in effect for the following counties: New Castle, Delaware, and
in New Jersey, Salem, Gloucester, Camden, Southeast Burlington,
Ocean, and Western Monmouth. Enough of Northwest Burlington is
marginal in terms of temperatures and timing of precipitation
arrival, so will keep the Winter Weather Advisory up there.
For the next tier of counties north of I-95, Hunterdon,
Somerset, Western Chester, Western Montgomery, and Upper Bucks,
there looks to be a little less precipitation and a little less
ice, so went ahead and converted the Ice Storm Warning to a
Winter Weather Advisory as total ice will be less than 1/4 inch.
Otherwise, significant icing still expected for portions of
eastern Pennsylvania and northern New Jersey tonight into early
Tuesday morning.
The storm system that has been affecting the Deep South will
continue to lift northward near the Appalachians, while a secondary
low is forecast to develop and lift northward along the eastern
seaboard tonight through early Tuesday morning. The question becomes
where this secondary low develops and it's track across the area.
The farther east it goes, the more likely freezing rain will linger
across the northern areas. If it takes even a slightly farther west
shift, the warmer temperatures that a lot of guidance is showing
will take over and change the precipitation to all rain. The cold
high pressure remains across the northern Mississippi Vally, while
nosing around the Great Lakes region and across New England and into
the Mid Atlantic region. The concern is the bend in the surface
pressure fields that noses its way into the Mid Atlantic region,
which continues to indicate a good probability of a cold air damming
situation, even with 2m temperatures forecast trying to warm everyone
above freezing quickly. Will continue to side with the colder
guidance of the NAM and high res CAMS as they do a better job
with cold air damming situations. Precipitation will begin as a
mix of rain where temperatures are above, and freezing rain and
sleet where temperatures are below freezing, with some snow
possible across the Poconos. Where temperatures stay below
freezing through the evening and overnight, freezing rain
becomes the predominate precipitation type as the warm nose
aloft continues to push northward and sleet becomes less likely.
Another interesting possibility with this system is there is
even a chance of isolated lightning strikes later tonight into
early Tuesday morning. Most Unstable CAPE forecasts are upwards
of 200-400 J/kg across southern Maryland, southern Delaware,
and southern New Jersey, and even 100-200 J/kg as far north as
eastern Pennsylvania and central New Jersey. We have included a
slight chance of thunderstorms where the CAPE is highest across
the southern areas overnight and into early Tuesday morning.
Precipitation will be ending from southwest to northeast during the
morning into the early afternoon Tuesday, so the Warnings will
continue into the mid morning hours. As the storm continues to pull
away and precipitation comes to an end across much of the area, some
snow showers will be possible across portions of northeast
Pennsylvania and northern New Jersey into Tuesday afternoon and
evening. Little to no accumulation is expected if any showers do
develop. Tuesday will warm up quite a bit, so we can expect much of
the ice that fell overnight, in addition to some but not all snow on
the ground to melt some during the day.
&&
.SHORT TERM /TUESDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/...
Summary... Main story in the short term remains the storm system
progged to impact the area on Thursday which will bring yet another
shot at accumulating snow and mixed precipitation over our area.
Meteorological Overview... High Pressure will build in from the west
Tuesday night into Wednesday before beginning to lift north and east
Wednesday night into Thursday as yet another area of low pressure
(originating in the Gulf of Mexico) pushes northeastward towards our
area. At mid-lvls the eastern US ridge will rebuild a bit after the
Tuesday system, but will be kept in check a bit (e.g. be a little
flatter) by a residual piece of the polar vortex located over SE
Canada. The amplified central US trough will then progress towards
the area on Thursday with lead shortwave energy likely moving over
the area in this timeframe.
Details...
Wednesday/Wednesday night: With High Pressure nearly overhead,
Wednesday will be dry and cold with highs largely near or below
freezing. Some rare (at least as of late) sunshine is even expected
before cirrus arrives in the afternoon. Although cloud cover will
increase Wednesday night, expect that precipitation largely holds
off until Thursday morning apart from maybe the far southwestern
areas due to the dry antecedent airmass.
Thursday: A rather nice (if you like wintry weather) sfc
configuration will be in place over our area on Thursday with a
robust cold high positioned north of the area, with the resulting NE
flow creating a nice CAD setup. However, the upper-lvls will be a
bit less favorable, with the the H5 trough-ridge configuration being
shifted a bit west of the "textbook" positioning. This results in a
slightly more westward track of the surface/850 lows, with the
consensus track of the sfc. low being just offshore of the NJ coast
on Thursday night, while the 850 wave would pass overhead.
All that being said, the trend over the last couple days has
definitely been colder with this system with the east coast ridge
trending flatter and the northern High trending stronger with each
guidance cycle. Consequently this setup would likely result in a
general thump of snow Thursday morning into early Thursday
afternoon, before warmer air arrives aloft and we see ptypes
transition from S-N to sleet/freezing ran/rain Thursday afternoon
into Thursday night. The main questions now are how long-lasting and
powerful that initial "thump" of snow is, and also how quickly the
column warms . Given a solid 600-700mb FGEN signature in the warm
advection regime, along with increasing UL divergence in the right
entrance region of the northern jet, would not be surprised if the
initial snow-thump packs a punch, and many locations could pick up
several inches of snow fairly rapidly on Thursday. Given the robust
CAD setup would also not be surprised if many locations NW of I-95
never get above freezing and thus see only frozen precipitation
during the entirety of the event. This scenario would also largely
alleviate any hydro concerns as the warm temperatures/rain would not
fall on the areas with the healthiest snowpack.
The one real dissident solution to the general evolution described
above is the NAM, which has the system more amplified and further
west, and as a result has a howling (70+kt) SWrly 700mb jet moving
through the area early Thursday. This results in rapid warm
advection aloft, with a very quick transition to sleet and thus
limited snow accumulations, with also a fairly pronounced dry
slot. The NAM can certainly act as the "canary in the coal
mine" for warm nose potential in these setups so it can't be
discounted off hand. However, at the same time feel it is
sufficiently at odds with the consensus synoptic evolution that
it was largely ignored in this package. Instead leaned on the
vertical profiles in the RGEM and the GFS/Euro, with a bit more
weight in the shorter term towards the RGEM which likely handles
the warm advection aloft a bit better than the globals.
&&
.LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY/...
Lingering showery precipitation should continue through at least
part of the day Friday as mid-lvl height falls continue to
overspread the area ahead of the mid-lvl cold core, however
decreasing moisture should limit the intensity of any
precipitation. We will continue cold advecting behind the
departing low, so suspect it will be one of those breezy days
where the cold advection is partially offset by the enhanced
mixing.
Saturday and Sunday both appear dry and cold as High Pressure builds
in from the west. Highs Saturday will struggle to reach
freezing, while temps will likely remain below normal but
increase a few degrees for Sunday as the flow backs more
southerly.
Another storm system may approach on Monday, however, with the
pattern as a whole (finally) trending more progressive would suspect
this will be more of an inland-tracking "warm" system, but
naturally details are lacking at this point.
&&
.AVIATION /00Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
The following discussion is for KPHL, KPNE, KTTN, KABE, KRDG, KILG,
KMIV, KACY and surrounding areas.
Tonight...The large batch of precipitation associated with the next
disturbance will arrive from SW to NE this evening and remain for
much of the night. Low CIGS, down to LIFR in many areas and lower
VSBYS will accompany the precip. At the onset, a mostly -FZRA form
will be observed but then it should change back to all rain around
02Z/03Z for the PHL/ILG areas and closer to 04Z/06Z for KRDG/KABE.
Fog will also develop, especially where there is a snow pack. Winds
will be mostly E to NE at 5 to 10 knots, but then become variable
later tonight at less than 5 knots.
Tuesday... Improving conditions Tuesday with the biggest forecast
issue being when. Much of the guidance seems to be pointing towards
a rapid rise back to VFR for KABE and KRDG for the mid/late morning
with the Delaware Valley sites for the early afternoon. There is
some uncertainty with the times, so the 18Z group in the PHL TAF is
our first best guess. As the low passes thru winds will switch
around from E/NE to W/NW after 12Z/14Z. Once VFR returns, it should
remain for the rest of the day.
Outlook...
Tuesday night through Wednesday...Mostly VFR conditions
expected. Light (less than 10 kt) northwesterly winds. High
confidence.
Wednesday night through Thursday night...Ceilings lowering to
MVFR and eventually IFR late Wednesday night into Thursday
morning. Visibility restrictions will become possible to as
precipitation moves in or Thursday morning into Thursday.
Precipitation likely starts as snow, then changes to a wintry
mix and then to rain Thursday afternoon. Although it is possible
precipitation never changes to plain rain at some of the TAF
sites, particularly KABE and KRDG. Winds shifting to
northeasterly and increasing to 5 to 15 kt with gusts near 20
kt. High confidence in lowered flight categories, low confidence
in ptype evolution.
Friday...Starting MVFR and IFR, but gradual improvement to VFR
is possible especially late in the day. Westerly winds 10 to 15
kt with gusts near 20 kt. Low confidence.
&&
.MARINE...
A Small Craft Advisory remains in effect through at least tonight
into Tuesday. Seas remain above 5-6 feet this afternoon and evening,
then winds will increase to 25-30 knots later tonight and continue
through the morning hours Tuesday. Winds may lower back below 25
knots during the day Tuesday, but seas will likely remain elevated.
A Small Craft Advisory was also issued for lower Delaware Bay for
later tonight into early Tuesday morning. Winds are expected to
increase to around 25 knots as an area of low pressure moves across
the area later tonight into Tuesday.
Outlook...
Tuesday night...SCA conditions are likely to continue on all
area waters with northwesterly winds gusting up to 30 kt.
Wednesday through Wednesday night...winds and seas should stay
below SCA criteria.
Thursday through Friday...SCA conditions likely. Northeasterly
winds gusting up to 30 kt on Thursday. Expect an abrupt shift
to northwesterly winds Friday morning with gusts near 25 kt.
Elevated seas are also possible through out this period.
Saturday... Likely still SCA conditions with westerly winds
gusting 25-30kts.
&&
.PHI WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
PA...Ice Storm Warning until 10 AM EST Tuesday for PAZ054-055-
060>062.
Winter Weather Advisory until 5 AM EST Tuesday for PAZ070-071-
101>106.
NJ...Ice Storm Warning until 10 AM EST Tuesday for NJZ001-007-008.
Winter Weather Advisory until 5 AM EST Tuesday for NJZ009-010-
012-015.
Winter Weather Advisory until 2 AM EST Tuesday for NJZ019.
DE...None.
MD...None.
MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 6 AM EST Wednesday for ANZ450>455.
Small Craft Advisory from 1 AM to 7 AM EST Tuesday for ANZ431.
&&
Synopsis...Carr
Near Term...MPS/Robertson
Short Term...Carr
Long Term...Carr
Aviation...Carr/O'Hara
Marine...Carr/Robertson