NWS Baltimore/Washington wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Jun 24, 2:46 AM EST, 40 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Jun 24, 2:46 AM EST, 40 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC
346 AM EDT Sun Jun 24 2018
.SYNOPSIS...
Low pressure moving eastward across New England will send a cold
front south across the Mid-Atlantic tonight. High pressure will
build from southern Ontario across the eastern Great Lakes toward
the region Monday into Tuesday, then move into the Atlantic Tuesday
night as a developing warm front approaches from the south. The warm
front should move north into Pennsylvania Wednesday as low pressure
moves from the central Plains to the Great Lakes. A cold front will
follow Thursday as the low moves across the northeastern U.S. The
front will likely fall apart as it crosses. A Bermuda high will then
establish itself over the western Atlantic next weekend.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
A diffuse warm front resides near or just north of the forecast area
early this morning, based mainly on dewpoint fields. Flow remains
light, so there is no other obvious convergence or discontinuity.
Nonetheless, skies have been able to partially clear. Given the
humid air mass, moist ground, and radiational cooling, fog is
beginning to become a concern. Thus far, it has been patchy and
focused mainly in valleys or open fields. Will be keeping patchy
wording through sunrise. Do not believe it will be more than
isolated dense, as mid level clouds beginning to return.
Low pressure will move offshore from New England today, which in
conjunction with a mid-upper level trough axis, will drag a surface
cold front across the region, mainly during the very late afternoon
to evening hours. South of this boundary, it will be warm and
unstable once again...especially across central Virginia and
southern Maryland where there is a strong probability of SBCAPE
greater than 1000 j/kg. (Some HiResW solutions suggest MUCAPE up to
2000 j/kg. However, there is considerable spread as well, as
evidenced by 3-hour SREF MUCAPE and MLCAPE plumes. Sufficient bulk
shear effective 30-40 kt) exists as well. However, lapse rates
marginal (5.0-5.5 C/km), and westerly flow provides some inhibition,
not to mention the lack of well-defined convergence. Recent RAP/HRRR
runs remain the least robust solutions, with minimal thunderstorm
development.
Do believe that scattered thunderstorms will develop this afternoon,
especially late in the day in vicinity of the subtle surface
boundary and mid-level positive vorticity as they encounter the pool
of unstable air. It is plausible that a strong storm or two could
form. However, there are enough mitigating factors and spread in
model output to preclude more than scattered coverage of
thunderstorms, and no enhanced wording at this time.
Any storms that do develop should move southeast of southern
Maryland by early this evening as the cold front crosses the
forecast area. Cool/dry advection will infiltrate overnight.
&&
.SHORT TERM /MONDAY THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/...
Lower dewpoints (lower-mid 60s) will truly be realized after mixing
resumes Monday morning. Canadian high pressure will reside across
the northeastern United States, providing northwest flow...becoming
northeast by Monday evening. Certainly, more sun and lower
temperatures than this weekend. Highs generally lower-mid 80s. Lows
could drop into the 50s Monday night across northern Maryland and
the Potomac Highlands; lower 60s elsewhere.
High pressure will remain the dominating force into Tuesday. In the
evening, low pressure/shortwave energy will be tracking across the
Great Lakes. The forward speed of this system still in doubt. Have
delayed the arrival of more rain in amplified flow, keeping Tuesday
and Tuesday evening dry, and confining any chance of precip to the
Blue Ridge west late Tuesday night. Have favored climo trends in
identifying this precipitation as just showers. It does remain
possible that some elevated instability may overspread the mountains
after midnight, which can be included later if those trends
hold.
&&
.LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
A developing warm front will approach from southern Virginia
Wednesday morning as a surface high shifts off the New England
coast. This front should approach the Mason-Dixon line during the
afternoon as low pressure moves across the Great Lakes from the
central Plains.
The surface low will be occluding and weakening as the upper trough
forcing it fills and gets reabsorbed into the larger scale westerly
flow through the day, but a decent 850-500 mb wind field will result
in substantial speed shear. The aforementioned warm front and the
presence of a lee surface trough will likely result in scattered
showers and thunderstorms Wednesday afternoon and evening. A few
storms could be accompanied by gusty winds given 30-40 kts of mid
level flow, but airmass recovery and destabilization as well as the
magnitude of forcing brings into question how widespread stronger
storms will be.
The surface low will depart up the Saint Lawrence River Valley and
through northeastern CONUS Thursday, with its attendant surface
front dropping southward into the Mid-Atlantic. The upper forcing
will be quickly departing, so the front should largely fall apart by
Friday as it drifts south. Still, a few pop up showers or storms are
possible Thursday afternoon as the front crosses.
Long range operational and ensemble guidance is in unanimous
agreement on the development of surface high pressure developing
over the western Atlantic Friday into next weekend, with a 594+ DM
ridge at 500 hPa overhead. This would result in very warm to hot and
humid weather as 850 hPa temps rise to around 20 C.
&&
.AVIATION /08Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
Breaks have developed in the cloudcover, which has permitted patchy
fog to develop. Thus far the coverage has been spotty. Have taken
MVFR restrictions at IAD/BWI where humidity and scattered clouds
greater. METARs suggest that localized aob IFR possible; do not have
the confidence to include that in the TAF.
Any restrictions should clear after sunrise. Scattered
showers/thunderstorms will develop late this afternoon. However,
coverage in doubt at this time. Presently, weather not included in
the TAF. Time period of possible convection noted by a period of
broken clouds (cigs 050-060). Its likely that a VCTS could be
included in later forecasts. Any storms should end by sunset, or
very soon thereafter...from northwest (MRB) to southeast (CHO-DCA)
A cold front will slowly turn winds more westerly early this
evening. Humidity will be slow to erode though, so another night of
patchy fog possible. At this point, kept vsby restrictions away from
terminals aside from a couple of hours immediately before dawn.
Building high pressure will provide tranquil flight conditions
Monday into Tuesday. Winds will be northwest Monday, with
return flow arriving Tuesday.
Some patchy sub-VFR fog or lower ceilings are possible Wednesday AM
before a weak warm front lifts north toward the PA border. Scattered
showers and a few gusty thunderstorms are possible Wednesday PM
which could result in brief restrictions. Winds will generally be
southerly around 10 kts, gusting to 20 kts Wed afternoon outside of
any convection. A weakening cold front will move south across the
Mid-Atlantic Thu with patchy sub-VFR is possible again in the AM, d
possibly a pop up shower/storm in the afternoon. Winds W AOB 10
kts.
&&
.MARINE...
Winds on the waters less than 10 kt early this morning. Even after
sunrise, mixing should not be that great as air temperatures will be
rising through the 80s while water temperatures remain in the mid
70s. However, scattered thunderstorms will develop late this
afternoon...a few of which may contain locally strong winds.
Any thunderstorms will end soon after sunset as a cold front crosses
the waters. Winds will veer west, but mixing not likely to improve
until after sunrise Monday. Guidance suggesting full mixing will
support winds approaching by not reaching Small Craft criteria. Have
capped winds just under at this time.
The pressure gradient will weaken Monday night into Tuesday as high
pressure builds across the waters.
Despite warm air over relatively cooler air Wednesday, the gradient
should be strong enough to result in some SCA level gusts on
southerly flow. Scattered afternoon and evening storms are possible,
more isolated Thursday with lighter winds.
&&
.TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
Anomalies should continue to decrease on westerly to northwesterly
flow through Tuesday. Minor flooding is still possible through
Monday morning on the upper tidal Potomac shoreline due to some
added freshwater input, but overall the tidal flood threat should be
very low.
Onshore flow will cause anomalies to increase again during the
middle of the week in tandem with a full moon (Thursday), resulting
in a renewed potential of more widespread (minor) tidal flooding.
&&
.LWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
DC...Coastal Flood Advisory until 9 AM EDT this morning for DCZ001.
MD...Coastal Flood Advisory until 6 AM EDT early this morning for
MDZ014.
VA...Coastal Flood Advisory until 9 AM EDT this morning for VAZ054.
WV...None.
MARINE...None.
&&
SYNOPSIS...DHOF
NEAR TERM...HTS
SHORT TERM...HTS
LONG TERM...DHOF
AVIATION...HTS/DHOF
MARINE...HTS/DHOF
TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...DHOF