A warm front lifted north through West Virginia on the 3rd with a half inch to an inch of rain over the central mountain counties. Less rain fell elsewhere. Late afternoon and evening temperatures rose into the 50s and lower 60s over the lowlands. Winds and dew points also increased. This combination helped accelerate the melting of the leftover snow pack, especially across the western slopes and southern mountain counties including around Oak Hill and Beckley. About 2 to 3 inches of water resided in the 10 to 20 inches of snow that was melting over the West Virginia mountains.
Rains increased again overnight, with 1 to 1.5 inches of rain falling by dawn on the 4th in 2 separate areas. One heavier rain area was in the mid Ohio Valley, closer to the cold front that was sinking slowly southeast. Streams began to flood. One example, was Middle Island Creek. Eventually, the gauge at Little reached over 3 feet above bank full around 0100E on the 5th. The other rain maximum by early on the 4th was over the southern coal fields including the headwaters of the Guyandotte and Tug Fork Rivers. The Guyandotte River at Man even surged above flood stage early in the morning on the 4th.
Small stream flooding, rock and mud slides were common during the day on the 4th as a steady rain fell. The most common problem was roads closures. Several roads were undermined by runoff channels or adjacent swollen streams. Culverts under roads were damaged. Damage to structures was limited. Rain rates were mostly 1 to 2 tenths of an inch per hour. Total rainfall of 1.5 to 2 inches became common by that evening. Other headwater rivers began to reach their flood stage. The Tygart Valley at Belington went into flood around 1200E, with Philippi around 1600E. Williamson on the Tug Fork, and the Buckhannon River at Buckhannon exceeded their flood stages during the early evening on the 4th.
As the rivers continued to rise, the rain changed to sleet and wet snow from northwest to southeast during the evening hours. Heavy wet snow quickly accumulated along the Ohio River counties during the late evening on the 4th and into the morning hours of Thursday the 5th. The transition to all snow was slower from the Interstate 79 and Route 119 corridor on east into the mountain counties. The snow diminished during the afternoon of the 5th over the Ohio River counties, then by evening further east. A few snow showers lingered in the evening.
A total snow accumulation of 10 to 13 inches was common from northern Wayne County on up the Ohio Valley Counties to Wood, Pleasants, and Tyler Counties. For example, the snowfall at Huntington was 12.8 inches with a measured accumulation of 1 foot. Spencer had a 11 inch accumulation. Reliable spotters near Fairplain of Jackson County also measured 11 inches. Belleville Lock and Dam measured 10 inches.
Snow accumulations dropped off into the 6 to 8 inch range from Clarksburg to Charleston into the mountains. The least amount of snow accumulation was on the order of 3 to 6 inches over the southern coal field counties of Wyoming and McDowell and into the southern mountains around Beckley.
After transitioning from rain to snow, the wet snow accumulated on trees, especially evergreen trees. Prolonged power outages were common in the Ohio Valley Counties. A few areas waited 48 to 60 hours for their electricity to be restored. Counties set up warming shelters for their affected residents. Further east, the counties with less snow had much fewer problems concerning electrical outages.
Meanwhile, during the snow storm on the 5th, the rivers continued to flood. The Little Kanawha River had minor flooding when Glenville crested around 24.5 feet near dawn on the 5th. Also early on the 5th, while the snow was falling, the Tygart Valley and Buckhannon Rivers were both cresting over flood stage. The crest was 22.65 feet at Philippi and around 17.1 feet at Belington. At Buckhannon in Upshur County the crest was just under 26 feet. This was the highest water level in 15 years there.
The Tug Fork River crested just under 40 feet at Williamson midday on the 5th. This was the 9th highest crest on record at Williamson. The city water plant was flooded. However, a flood wall protects most of the town. Further down the river, the estimated crest was 45.2 feet at Kermit, more than 6 feet over the 38 foot flood stage. This crest was the highest level at Kermit since the flood back in February of 2003. The Guyandotte crested around 34.6 feet at Branchland during the evening of the 5th. Flood stage is 30 feet. This Lincoln County crest was also the highest since the flood back February of 2003. The crest on the Big Coal River at Ashford was 23.6 feet on the 5th. Bank full is around 17 feet. The Coal River crested at 28.45 feet late in the afternoon on the 5th in the community of Tornado. These water levels were the highest on the lower Coal River in nearly 8 years. The Lincoln County water plant was damaged along the Big Coal River.
Even rivers that did not reach flood stage were high enough to cause minor backwater flooding. One example was the Kanawha River at Charleston. It crested around 27.6 feet during the late afternoon on the 5th.
Eventually, even the Ohio River had minor flooding from Point Pleasant on down thru Huntington, Ceredo, and Kenova. Point Pleasant crested near 44.5 feet around 1330E on the 6th. The crest at Huntington was about 1.5 feet above flood stage around 0015E on Saturday the 7th.
To dampen the crest further down the Ohio River, the Corps of Engineers held back water at their projects on the Guyandotte River and Twelvepole Creek. As a result, the stored water rose the lake elevation about 102 feet in the vertical at R.D. Bailey Lake on the Guyandotte River. This set a new record pool elevation there.
Mud and rock slides continued during the snow storm. In Mingo County, 1 slide near Gilbert pushed a house off its foundation, and jolted a woman out of her bed. Another slide near Nolan in Splint Hollow damaged at least 3 mobile homes.
One final element was seen in this episode. After the storm, clearing resulted in a cold morning on the 6th for so late in the season. Temperatures on either side of zero were common. Elkins reached 10 below zero. Middlebourne was 6 below zero. West Union was 5 below zero. Parkersburg and Spencer observed 3 below zero. The cooperative observer in downtown Clarksburg was also 3 below zero. Temperatures were not as cold over the extreme southern coal field counties.
Governor Tomblin declared a state of emergency during this minor flood to heavy snow episode. Initially, 25 counties in this portion of West Virginia were declared a federal disaster for public assistance by President Obama. This was for the combination of winter storms, flooding and landslides. Nearly 90 percent of the preliminary damage assessment was attributed to road and bridge damage. A few more counties were added to the disaster at a later date. See FEMA disaster 4210 for more information.