Hail and Damaging Winds in South Dakota, September 4, 2012

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION FOR SOUTHEAST SD/SOUTHWEST MN/NORTHWEST IA
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SIOUX FALLS SD
325 PM CDT TUE SEP 4 2012

.DISCUSSION.../ISSUED AT 325 PM CDT/
DIFFUSE BOUNDARY IN NORTHWEST IOWA BEGINNING TO LIFT NORTHWARD AS A
WARM FRONT THIS AFTERNOON AS SURFACE LOW PRESSURE STRENGTHENS OVER
THE BLACK HILLS. MIXING HAS ALLOWED DEWPOINTS TO DRAMATICALLY FALL
THIS AFTERNOON ACROSS THE NORTHWESTERN TWO THIRDS OF THE CWA...WHILE
DEEPER MOISTURE HAS ALLOWED DEWPOINTS TO REMAIN IN THE 60S ACROSS
NORTHWEST IOWA. INSTABILITY CONTINUES TO INCREASE THIS
AFTERNOON...ESPECIALLY ACROSS OUR SOUTHEASTERN HALF OF THE FORECAST
AREA WHERE CAPE VALUES ARE GREATER THAN 1500 J/KG...WITH INCREASING
LAPSE RATES AND STRENGTHENING WESTERLIES BRINGING SHEAR UP AROUND 40
KT.

SO FAR...CAPPING IS PREVENTING CONVECTION FROM DEVELOPING...HOWEVER
WITH KSUX ALREADY 95/65 EXPECT THE CAPPING TO BE SURPASSED SOON.
THE HRRR AND NAM CONTINUE TO DEPICT CONVECTION MOVING NORTHEASTWARD
INTO THE MISSOURI VALLEY...EXTREME SOUTHEAST SOUTH DAKOTA AND
NORTHWEST IOWA LATE THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH THE EVENING. IF
CONVECTION DOES MANAGE TO FIRE IN THIS AREA...STORMS COULD
POTENTIALLY BECOME SEVERE WITH LARGE HAIL TO AROUND WALNUT SIZE AND
WIND GUSTS TO 70 MPH.

FURTHER WEST...HIGH BASED CUMULUS FIELD NOW MOVING INTO OUR WESTERN
BORDER. ISOLATED HIGH BASED CONVECTION WILL BE POSSIBLE IN OUR
WESTERN HALF THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING...BUT EXPECT LITTLE TO NO
SEVERE WEATHER IN THIS AREA WITH SUCH DRY LOW AND MID LEVELS. AS THE
LOW BEGINS TRACKING EAST NORTHEAST ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA THIS
EVENING AND OVERNIGHT...THE TRAILING COLD FRONT WILL SHIFT THE
CONVECTION INTO CENTRAL AND EASTERN PORTIONS OF THE FORECAST AREA
WHERE CONDITIONS ARE MORE FAVORABLE FOR PRECIPITATION. WINDS WILL
LIKELY BECOME FAIRLY BREEZY FROM THE WEST NORTHWEST LATE TONIGHT.
LOWS TONIGHT WILL RANGE FROM THE MID 50S FAR NORTHWEST TO THE MID
60S FAR SOUTHEAST.

RELATIVELY QUIET WEATHER WITH MILDER TEMPERATURES EXPECTED FOR
WEDNESDAY AS SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE SETTLES IN BEHIND THE EXITING
SYSTEM. NORTH NORTHWEST WINDS WILL REMAIN A LITTLE BREEZY THROUGH
THE DAY...BUT SKIES WILL BE SUNNY AND HIGHS ARE EXPECTED IN THE 70S.
/

HIGH PRESSURE WILL BUILD IN OVER THE AREA FOR WEDNESDAY NIGHT. THUS
TRENDED LOWS TOWARDS THE COOLER SIDE OF GUIDANCE...GENERALLY UPPER
40S TO LOWER 50S. A MID LEVEL WAVE AND SOME CLOUD COVER MAY BEGIN
ENTERING OUR WEST BY LATE NIGHT...THUS DID NOT GO QUITE AS COOL AS I
WOULD HAVE IF COMPLETELY CLEAR SKIES WERE MORE LIKELY. MID LEVEL
FORCING OVERHEAD ON THURSDAY OUT AHEAD OF OUR NEXT WAVE...ALSO
SHOULD SEE DECENT ISENTROPIC LIFT. ATMOSPHERE WILL BE ON THE DRY
SIDE THOUGH...THUS FOLLOWED THE NAM AND GFS IDEA OF A DRY DAY.
HOWEVER SHOULD SEE AT LEAST SOME MID LEVEL CLOUD COVER...AND WITH
DECENT MID LEVEL LAPSE RATES...WOULD NOT BE SURPRISED TO SEE A FEW
ELEVATED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS. THINK THE ECMWF IS PROBABLY
OVERDOING CONVECTION THURSDAY...BUT LOW POPS MAY NEED TO BE ADDED ON
FUTURE SHIFTS IF MODELS TREND A LITTLE MOISTER IN THE MID LEVELS.
WITH UNCERTAINTY ON CLOUD COVER...FOLLOWED A BLEND OF THE COOLER MOS
AND THE WARMER BIAS CORRECTED NAM FOR HIGHS...GENERALLY MID 70S
SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA TO LOW TO MID 80S ELSEWHERE. SURFACE LOW TO OUR
WEST ON THURSDAY WILL PRODUCE BLUSTERY SOUTH SOUTHEAST WINDS WEST OF
THE JAMES RIVER...WITH GUSTS AROUND 25 TO 30 MPH POSSIBLE.

THE BETTER MOISTURE AND DEEP LAYER FORCING MOVES ACROSS THE CWA
THURSDAY NIGHT. THUS LOOKS LIKE A GOOD CHANCE OF SEEING SOME SHOWERS
IN MOST AREAS. INSTABILITY IS ON THE LOW SIDE...BUT SHOULD SEE AT
LEAST A COUPLE HUNDRED J/KG OF ELEVATED CAPE. SO THINKING WE SEE AT
LEAST SOME EMBEDDED THUNDER. WITH THE CLOUDS AND SHOWERS
AROUND...LOWS WILL STAY A BIT WARMER THAN WEDNESDAY
NIGHT...MAINLY IN THE 50S. COULD SEE SOME LINGERING SHOWERS
ACROSS NORTHWEST IOWA FRIDAY MORNING...BUT THESE SHOULD EXIT THE
AREA BY AFTERNOON AS THE TROUGH AXIS AND DEEPER MOISTURE PUSHES
EAST. EXPECT TO SEE GRADUAL CLEARING FROM NORTH TO SOUTH DURING THE
DAY. MUCH COOLER AIR WILL BE ADVECTED IN BEHIND THE FRONT FOR
FRIDAY...AND THIS COMBINED WITH THE LINGERING CLOUD COVER...SHOULD
HOLD HIGHS IN THE MID 60S TO LOWER 70S.

AS WE HEAD INTO THE WEEKEND...OUR UPPER LEVEL LOW WILL PUSH EAST AND
DIG A DEEP TROUGH INTO THE EASTERN PART OF THE COUNTRY. MEANWHILE A
STRONG RIDGE WILL BUILD INTO THE ROCKIES. OUR AREA WILL REMAIN IN
BETWEEN THE TWO MAKING TEMPERATURES A BIT TRICKY. WE WILL TEND TO
SEE A WARMING TREND INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK...BUT HOW WARM DEPENDS ON
THE STRENGTH AND POSITION OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED FEATURES. TRENDED
HIGHS A BIT ABOVE CONSENSUS SUNDAY THROUGH TUESDAY CLOSER TO THE 0Z
ECMWF AND HPC GUIDANCE. THIS GIVES 70S ON SATURDAY...AND UPPER 70S
TO MID 80S SUNDAY THROUGH TUESDAY. THE NEW 12Z ECMWF HAS TRENDED
STRONGER WITH THE RIDGE AND THUS WARMER WITH TEMPERATURES...SO WILL
HAVE TO MONITOR MODEL TRENDS THIS PERIOD. LOWS FRIDAY AND SATURDAY
NIGHT LOOK TO BE ON THE COOL SIDE...WITH LIGHT WINDS AND CLEAR SKIES
EXPECTED. LOWERED THEM A LITTLE BELOW CONSENSUS...WITH MAINLY MID
AND UPPER 40S EXPECTED. AS THE RIDGE BUILDS CLOSER...LOWS SHOULD
WARM INTO THE 50S BY SUNDAY NIGHT. LOOKS DRY SATURDAY THROUGH
TUESDAY. PROBABLY WILL SEE OUR NEXT COLD FRONT APPROACH SOMETIME
AROUND TUESDAY...HOWEVER AT THIS TIME DOES NOT UPPER TO BE MUCH
MOISTURE WITH IT. /CHENARD

&&

.AVIATION.../FOR THE 18Z TAF ISSUANCE/
VFR CONDITIONS EXPECTED THROUGH 18Z WEDNESDAY. SCATTERED
THUNDERSTORMS WILL DEVELOP AFTER 22Z IN THE 129 CORRIDOR AND
EASTWARD AHEAD OF A COLD FRONT. TEMPORARY MVFR CONDITIONS IN THE
THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE AFTER 00Z. GUSTY NORTHWEST WINDS OF 10 TO
20 KNOTS WILL FOLLOW BEHIND THE FRONT OVERNIGHT AND INTO WEDNESDAY
MORNING.

&&

.FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
SD...NONE.
MN...NONE.
IA...NONE.
NE...NONE.

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SIOUX FALLS SD
1132 AM CDT TUE SEP 04 2012

SDZ038>040-050-052>071-MNZ071-072-080-081-089-090-097-098-
IAZ001>003-012>014-020>022-031-032-NEZ013-014-051200-
AURORA-BEADLE-BON HOMME-BROOKINGS-BRULE-BUENA VISTA IA-
CHARLES MIX-CHEROKEE IA-CLAY-CLAY IA-COTTONWOOD MN-DAKOTA NE-
DAVISON-DICKINSON IA-DIXON NE-DOUGLAS-GREGORY-HANSON-HUTCHINSON-
IDA IA-JACKSON MN-JERAULD-KINGSBURY-LAKE-LINCOLN-LINCOLN MN-
LYON IA-LYON MN-MCCOOK-MINER-MINNEHAHA-MOODY-MURRAY MN-NOBLES MN-
OBRIEN IA-OSCEOLA IA-PIPESTONE MN-PLYMOUTH IA-ROCK MN-SANBORN-
SIOUX IA-TURNER-UNION-WOODBURY IA-YANKTON-
1132 AM CDT TUE SEP 04 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR SOUTHEAST SOUTH DAKOTA...
SOUTHWEST MINNESOTA...NORTHWEST IOWA...AND NORTHEAST NEBRASKA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

THUNDERSTORMS...
THERE IS A CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS EAST OF A LINE FROM DE SMET TO
LAKE ANDES SOUTH DAKOTA. A FEW ISOLATED STORMS COULD BECOME
STRONG TO SEVERE LATE THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH THE EVENING...MAINLY
ACROSS NORTHWEST IOWA. HAIL TO THE SIZE OF WALNUTS AND WIND GUSTS
TO 70 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE IN SEVERE STORMS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL BE POSSIBLE FROM 5 PM CDT TODAY UNTIL
1 AM CDT WEDNESDAY.

&&

FOR MORE INFORMATION PLEASE VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT
WWW.WEATHER.GOV/SIOUXFALLS. THIS INCLUDES THE GRAPHICAL HAZARDOUS
WEATHER OUTLOOK.