Tornado and Tropical Storm in Delaware, August 27 to 30, 2011

Name: Tornado and Tropical Storm in Delaware, August 27 to 30, 2011
Start: 2011-08-27T11:00
End: 2011-08-30T10:07
Location: Delaware

August 27 to 30, 2011 · NWS PHI · 15 events in 5 counties and zones

Where it happened

Every event with a place to put it; 8 filed by county or forecast zone are drawn at its center, in a lighter ring. Tap one for its entry below.

Tornadoes
Tropical storms and surge
Floods
Wind
Hail
Winter weather
Heat and drought
Cold
Fire, smoke and dust
Marine and coastal
Other

Open the live radar over this ground

The toll

Deaths: 2
Injuries: 0
Property damage: None recorded
Crop damage: None recorded
Events: 15

Deaths and injuries are direct and indirect together, as the offices filed them. Damage is property and crops in the dollars of the year, not adjusted for inflation, and only where an office estimated it.

What happened

The episode as NWS PHI wrote it up.

Hurricane Irene produced heavy flooding rain, widespread tropical storm force wind gusts, a confirmed tornado near Lewes in Sussex County, moderate to severe coastal flooding and beach erosion and caused two flooding related deaths, forced evacuations near the coast over the weekend of August 27th and 28th in Delaware. About 100,000 people were evacuated from the Atlantic Coast. Numerous roadways were flooded and closed and thousands of trees were knocked down. About 100,000 utility customers lost power. In addition, chickens were killed by flooding and agricultural crops were damaged by the flooding. Delaware received federal disaster declaration.

Tropical storm force wind gusts overspread Delaware during the afternoon of the 27th and persisted through the afternoon of the 28th. Peak wind gusts averaged around 60 mph. The strongest winds associated with Irene occurred at two distinct times. The first surge occurred during bands of heavier rain during the evening of the 27th. The second peak occurred during the late morning and early afternoon of the 28th when skies were clearing and deeper mixing of the atmosphere brought stronger winds to the ground. The rain associated with Irene overspread the state between 7 a.m. EDT and Noon EDT on the 27th, fell at its heaviest from the late afternoon of the 27th into the early morning of the 28th and ended around Noon EDT on the 28th. Event precipitation totals averaged 5 to 12 inches and caused widespread and in some instances record breaking flooding. Because the flash flooding and flooding blended into one, all stormdata flooding related county entries were combined into one under flood events. The storm surge of 3 to 4 feet caused minor to moderate tidal flooding along tidal sections of the Delaware River and in Upper Delaware Bay and moderate to severe tidal flooding along lower Delaware Bay and along the coast during the evening high tide cycle on the 27th. The winds shifted to the northwest during the morning high tide cycle on the 28th.

Governor Jack Markell ordered visitors to evacuate the Delaware beaches effective 6 pm EDT on August 25th. In addition, a state of emergency was declared and shelters were opened throughout the state on August 26th. Driving restrictions were in place. Mandatory evacuations of approximately one hundred thousand tourists and residents occurred, including special populations, began on Thursday, August 25th. The Cape May Lewes Ferry suspended service for August 27th and 28th. Toll operations on Delaware State Route 1 were halted. Transit services were shut down on August 27th and 28th, while most of the bridges over the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal and the Indian River were closed due to the wind.

About 100,000 utility customers lost power at the peak of the storm. Power was not fully restored until August 31st. Schools were dismissed early on Friday the 26th and remained closed through the duration of the event. The state highway department reported over two hundred roads under water. Seven bridges sustained structural damage. At least thirty-seven homes and businesses sustained major damage or were destroyed. Extensive damage occurred to the six state maintained beaches as severe beach erosion and dune breaches occurred. The combination of heavy rain and severe tidal flooding washed out Prime Hook Road along Delaware Bay in Cedar Creek Hundred (Sussex County). In Kent County, tidal flooding occurred along Kitts Hummock Road as well as along Bowers Beach. | |The highest wind gusts recorded during Hurricane Irene were 66 mph in Lewes (Sussex County), 64 mph in Dewey Beach (Sussex County), 60 mph in Georgetown (Sussex County), 57 mph in Wilmington (New Castle County), and 52 mph in Dover (Kent County). The highest tides included 8.20 feet above mean lower low water at Breakwater Harbor in Sussex County (severe flooding starts at 8.0 feet above mean lower low water) and 8.03 feet above mean lower low water at Reedy Island in New Castle County. Minor tidal flooding at Reedy starts at 7.2 feet above mean lower low water.

Hurricane Irene formed east of the Leeward Islands on Saturday the 20th. It moved northeast and passed over Puerto Rico overnight on the 21st. As Irene moved off the island, it intensified into a hurricane. Irene just bypassed the island of Hispaniola to its north and then passed over the Eastern Bahamas on the 25th as it reached category three hurricane strength. From the Bahamas, Irene moved nearly due north and slowly weakened to a category two hurricane on the 26th and a category one hurricane on the 27th. Irene made her initial landfall near Cape Lookout, North Carolina at 8 a.m. EDT on the 27th and then proceeded to the northnortheast and went back over the Atlantic Ocean near the Virginia and North Carolina border at 7 p.m. EDT on the 27th. Irene then paralleled the Delmarva Peninsula and the center passed about 15 miles east of Delaware between 3 a.m. and 4 a.m. EDT on the 28th. Irene made her second landfall as a tropical storm on Brigantine Island, just north of Atlantic City, New Jersey at 535 a.m. EDT on the 28th. From there the center of Irene moved along eastern parts of Ocean and Monmouth Counties and was located near Tinton Falls Township in Monmouth County at 8 a.m. EDT on the 28th. At about 9 a.m. EDT the center of Irene passed over New York City.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the first event, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Aug 27, 9:50 AM EST, 1 hour 10 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Aug 27, 9:50 AM EST, 1 hour 10 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ
1050 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

.SYNOPSIS...
HURRICANE IRENE WILL IMPACT OUR REGION OVER THE WEEKEND. AS THE
REMNANTS OF THE SYSTEM MOVE UP INTO EASTERN CANADA ON MONDAY, HIGH
PRESSURE FROM THE WEST SHOULD BEGIN TO BUILD INTO EASTERN
PENNSYLVANIA, NORTHEASTERN MARYLAND, DELAWARE AND NEW JERSEY. THE
HIGH IS FORECAST TO INFLUENCE OUR REGION FOR MUCH OF THE NEW WEEK.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...
**SIGNIFICANT TO DAMAGING AFFECTS FROM HURRICANE IRENE ACROSS THE
REGION ESPECIALLY LATER TODAY THROUGH ABOUT MIDDAY SUNDAY.**

BASED ON THE NHC WINDS AS WELL AS FORECAST SOUNDINGS, IT APPEARS
THAT OUR FAR WESTERN/NORTHWESTERN ZONES MAY VERY WELL EXPERIENCE A
PERIOD OF TROPICAL STORM FORCE WINDS LATE TONIGHT AND SUNDAY
MORNING. AS A RESULT, WE EXPANDED THE TROPICAL STORM WARNING TO
COVER THE REMAINDER OF THE CWA /WFO'S CTP AND BGM HAVE ISSUED WIND
RELATED HEADLINES/. IT APPEARS SOME DRY AIR IS BEING ENTRAINED INTO
THE HURRICANE AS THE CONVECTION HAS REALLY BEEN ERODING ON THE
SOUTHWEST SIDE OF THE CIRCULATION. BASED ON THE HURRICANE HUNTER
AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS, DESPITE PLENTY OF WIND AT 700 MB IT
APPEARS IT IS HAVING A TOUGH TIME REALLY MIXING DOWN TO THE
SURFACE PLUS THE STORM HAS LOST SOME OF ITS ORGANIZATION. AS A
RESULT OF THIS AND EVENTUAL LAND INTERACTION, NHC HAS LOWERED THE
INTENSITY AS IT TRACKS BY OUR AREA SUNDAY. THIS IS A LARGE
HURRICANE, THEREFORE DO NOT LET YOUR GUARD DOWN. EVERYONE SHOULD
BE PREPARED FOR THIS LARGE STORM AS IT TAKES AIM ON OUR CWA. A
PLAN SHOULD NOW BE IN PLACE, AND KEEP UPDATED ON THE WEATHER
FORECASTS. CHECK THE HURRICANE LOCAL STATEMENT FOR MORE DETAILED
INFORMATION.

THE FIRST MAJOR RAIN BAND HAD MOVED ONSHORE AND INTO SOUTHERN NJ,
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN DELAWARE AND MOST OF THE MARYLAND EASTERN
SHORE AS OF LATE THIS MORNING. WE WERE STARTING TO SEE SMALL
SCALE CIRUCLATIONS IN THE LOWER LEVELS MOVING ONTO THE COAST JUST
SOUTH OF DELAWARE. GUSTS WERE ABOUT 30 KNOTS ON LAND OVER OUR FAR
SOUTHERN ZONES. THE EVENT HAS BEGUN FOR OUR AREA.

WE CONTINUE TO CONSIDER A COASTAL FRONT THAT HAS MOSTLY SET UP
SHOP FARTHER INLAND. THE LOCATION OF THIS FEATURE WILL BE CRUCIAL
IN DETERMINING WHERE THE HEAVY RAIN AXIS OCCURS. IT APPEARS THIS
WILL BE CLOSE TO THE INTERSTATE 95 CORRIDOR, HOWEVER IT WILL
DEPEND ON THE EXACT TRACK OF THE CENTER OF HURRICANE IRENE. AS THE
HURRICANE MOVES TO OUR LATITUDE, THE MASSIVE ONSHORE FLOW WILL
PROBABLY TEND TO WRAP THE SURFACE FRONT WESTWARD AND THEN
SOUTHWARD DUE TO ITS LARGE CIRCULATION. THE INFLUX OF PLENTY OF
MOISTURE ALONG WITH THE SURFACE FRONT WILL RESULT IN AN EFFICIENT
OVERRUNNING SURFACE. THIS WILL RESULT IN EXCESSIVE RAINFALL. FOR
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE HEAVY RAIN THREAT, SEE THE HYDROLOGY
SECTION BELOW.

WE WOULD LIKE TO CONTINUE TO STRESS THAT IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOT
FOCUS ON THE EXACT CENTER OF THE HURRICANE, ESPECIALLY SINCE THIS
PARTICULAR STORM IS A VERY LARGE SYSTEM. WE EXPECT WIDESPREAD
IMPACTS FROM THIS HURRICANE ACROSS THE CWA. WE GENERALLY LEANED
CLOSER TO THE GFS REGARDING POPS AS IT APPEARS TO HAVE A DECENT
HANDLE ON THE RAIN SHIELD HEADED TOWARD OUR SOUTHEAST ZONES EARLY
THIS MORNING. THE INCREASING FLOW ALONG WITH DEEPENING MOISTURE
WILL ALLOW FOR SOME CONVECTION TO BE ESPECIALLY EMBEDDED. WHILE
THE TORNADO POTENTIAL IS LOW, IT IS NOT ZERO AS SOME MINI-SUPERCELL
STRUCTURES WILL BE POSSIBLE NORTH OF THE CENTER AS THEY SLIDE
ONSHORE. A TORNADO WATCH HAS BEEN ISSUED JUST TO OUR SOUTH.

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/...
MOST OF THIS TIME FRAME WILL BE DOMINATED BY HURRICANE IRENE AS IT
MOVES VERY NEAR OUR COAST SUNDAY MORNING. THE WORST CONDITIONS
WILL BE TONIGHT AND SUNDAY MORNING. THERE IS A HIGH RISK OF AREAS
OF DAMAGING WINDS AND HEAVY/POSSIBLY RECORD SETTING RAINFALL
THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING.

OUR WIND FORECAST IS BASED OFF OF THE GRIDDED WIND FIELD FROM THE
OFFICIAL NHC FORECAST AND THIS WILL BE UPDATED WITH SUBSEQUENT
ADVISORY ISSUANCES. WE GENERALLY BASED OUR POPS MORE TOWARD A BLEND
WHICH ENDS UP SIMILAR TO THE GFS. INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, THE WATER
VAPOR EARLY THIS MORNING SHOWS A MID LEVEL TROUGH CRUISING THROUGH
THE GREAT LAKES REGION. THE FLOW STRENGTHENING AHEAD OF THIS CAN BE
SEEN BY THE OUTFLOW FROM HURRICANE IRENE EXPANDING IN SIZE AND
NORTHWARD. THIS SHORT WAVE TROUGH APPEARS TO BE MOVING RATHER
QUICKLY EASTWARD, WHICH MAY END UP NUDGING IRENE A BIT FARTHER TO
THE EAST. A LOT OF THE MODEL GUIDANCE INDICATES THE STRONGEST
BOUNDARY LAYER WINDS STAY NEAR THE COAST AND THEN OVER THE OCEAN,
WITH FRICTIONAL EFFECTS REDUCING THE SURFACE WINDS INLAND. BASED ON
THIS, THE WESTERN PART OF THE HURRICANE WARNING INCLUDING
PHILADELPHIA MAY NOT QUITE MAKE IT WITH WINDS MOSTLY IN THE TROPICAL
STORM FORCE RANGE. GIVEN THE LARGE WIND FIELD, WE WILL NOT CHANGE
THESE ATTM. OVERALL, THERE CONTINUES TO BE A HIGH RISK OF IMPACTS
WITH THIS HURRICANE, WHICH INCLUDES DAMAGING WINDS, TORRENTIAL
RAIN, COASTAL FLOODING, DANGEROUS RIP CURRENTS, AND BATTERING
WAVES AND BEACH EROSION.

MUCH OF THE MODEL GUIDANCE STILL SHOWS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A STRONG
250 MB JET NORTH OF THE HURRICANE INTO SUNDAY, GENERALLY FROM THE
EASTERN GREAT LAKES TO NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND. THIS UPPER-LEVEL JET
EVEN HAS SOME ANTICYCLONIC CURVATURE TO IT AND GIVEN THE ORIENTATION
OF THIS JET IT IS SUCH THAT IRENE IS WITHIN THE RIGHT ENTRANCE
REGION AS SHE TRACKS NORTHWARD. THIS SCENARIO MAY TEND TO HELP WITH
A POLEWARD UPPER-LEVEL OUTFLOW CHANNEL AND ASSIST IN THE INTENSITY
OF THE SYSTEM AS A WHOLE. THEREFORE, DESPITE SOME INCREASING SHEAR
AS THE HURRICANE GAINES LATITUDE ALONG WITH COOLER WATERS AND LAND
INTERACTIONS, PERHAPS THIS IS WHY MUCH OF THE MODEL GUIDANCE NEARLY
INSISTS THIS SYSTEM MAINTAINS A RATHER LOW CENTRAL PRESSURE ALL THE
WAY INTO SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND. IT BECOMES EVEN MORE OF AN INTENSITY
FORECAST CHALLENGE AS TROPICAL CYCLONES GET THIS FAR NORTH AND
INTERACT WITH BAROCLINIC ZONES AND LARGE SCALE SYNOPTIC FEATURES.
THE PRESENCE OF THE SURFACE FRONT AND UPPER-LEVEL JET IS CONCERNING
AS THIS MAY PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN ENHANCING THE RAINFALL RATES.
THE AMOUNT OF RAIN THAT LOOKS TO OCCUR WITH THIS SYSTEM MAY END UP
BEING THE MAIN TOPIC OF DISCUSSION FOR MANY YEARS. AN EXAMINATION
OF THE WIND FIELD AT 925 MB IS STILL CONCERNING WITH A LARGE AREA OF
60 TO NEARLY 85 KNOTS TRACKING ACROSS THE CWA THIS EVENING THROUGH
SUNDAY MORNING. WHILE THE FRICTIONAL EFFECTS WILL TEND TO SLOW THE
WIND DOWN SOME AND ALSO ALLOW FOR SOME DECOUPLING BETWEEN THE
SURFACE AND ABOVE, THE PRESSURE GRADIENT COMBINED WITH ENHANCED
MIXING WITHIN HEAVIER RAIN/CONVECTION SHOULD PRODUCE
SIGNIFICANT/DAMAGING GUSTS.

ONE THING NOTED IS THE MODEL FORECASTS INDICATING A RATHER
IMPRESSIVE 3-HOUR PRESSURE RISE BEHIND THE HURRICANE SUNDAY
AFTERNOON. SOME FORECAST SOUNDINGS INDICATE THE POTENTIAL FOR AN
INCREASED THREAT OF DAMAGING GUSTS TO OCCUR AS THIS FEATURE MOVES
THROUGH AND VERTICAL MIXING SHARPLY INCREASES DUE TO SOME
CLEARING. IF THIS WERE TO PAN OUT, THE WINDS COULD BE STRONGEST
WHEN THIS SHARP PRESSURE FALL/RISE COUPLET MOVES THROUGH. WE
CONTINUE TO USE A 125 PERCENT OF THE SUSTAINED WINDS TO DERIVE OUR
GUSTS BUT NOW CAPPED THEM AT 75 KNOTS /20 PERCENT REDUCTION OF THE
SUSTAINED WINDS OVER LAND/. THE WIND GUST TOOL THAT INCLUDES
MIXING MAY BE TO HIGH ESPECIALLY OVER AREAS FARTHER INLAND. IT
APPEARS THAT THE HURRICANE WILL SPEED UP SOME, AND THIS FORWARD
MOTION COULD BE A BIT MORE IF THE INCOMING SHORT WAVE TROUGH IS
ENOUGH TO PICK IT UP QUICKER. WE THEREFORE CONTINUED THE TREND IN
QUICKLY TAPERING POPS DOWN SUNDAY AFTERNOON FROM SOUTH TO NORTH.

ONCE THE STORM MOVES OFF TO THE NORTH AND NORTHEAST LATER SUNDAY,
THE CONDITIONS WILL QUICKLY IMPROVE.

&&

.LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/...
OVERALL A MUCH CALMER TIME PERIOD MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY AS THE WIND
WILL QUICKLY DIMINISH MONDAY AS HIGH PRESSURE BEGINS TO BUILD IN. A
WEAK TROUGH WILL SKIRT OUR REGION TUESDAY, WHICH MAY INCREASE CLOUDS
A BIT. HIGH PRESSURE THEN BUILDS ACROSS ON WEDNESDAY BEFORE SLIPPING
TO THE EAST THURSDAY.

&&

.AVIATION /15Z SATURDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION IS FOR KPHL, KPNE, KTTN, KABE, KRDG, KILG,
KMIV, KACY AND SURROUNDING AREAS.

RAIN WITH EMBEDDED HEAVIER SHOWERS AND ISOLATED TSTMS WILL ADVANCE
FROM THE SOUTHEAST DURING THE COURSE OF THE DAY TODAY. THIS IS
EXPECTED TO TRANSITION TO A WIND DRIVEN RAIN THIS EVENING WITH THE
WORST CONDITIONS EXPECTED LATER TONIGHT AND SUNDAY MORNING.
THEREFORE, WE INDICATED CONDITIONS EVERYWHERE AT SUB-VFR WITH
PERIODS OF HEAVY RAIN. WHILE SOME THUNDERSTORMS SHOULD BE EMBEDDED
IN THE RAIN SHIELD, WE OPTED TO NOT INCLUDE IT AT THIS TIME GIVEN
LOW CONFIDENCE ON TIMING AND COVERAGE. ANY HEAVIER RAIN AND
THUNDER WILL HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO PRODUCE STRONGER SURFACE GUSTS.
OTHERWISE, WE GRADUALLY INCREASED THE WINDS THIS AFTERNOON AND
ESPECIALLY TONIGHT. WE WENT CONSERVATIVE WITH THE GUSTS AS IT IS
NOT COMPLETELY CLEAR HOW MUCH TRANSFER OF THE WINDS TO THE SURFACE
FROM ALOFT OCCURS. WE CARRIED THE STRONGEST WINDS AT KMIV AND KACY
AT THIS POINT. THERE COULD BE A SECONDARY SURGE OF RATHER STRONG
WINDS FOR A FEW HOURS SUNDAY AFTERNOON AS THE CENTER OF THE STORM
MOVES THROUGH AND A SHARP PRESSURE RISE OCCURS. THE WINDS WILL BE
SOUTHEAST TO EAST THEN SHIFT TO THE NORTHEAST THROUGH TONIGHT.

OUTLOOK...
HIGH PRESSURE WILL LIKELY INFLUENCE OUR REGION FROM MONDAY THROUGH
WEDNESDAY, WITH DRY WEATHER AND MAINLY VFR CONDITIONS. HOWEVER, SOME
LATE NIGHT AND EARLY MORNING VISIBILITY RESTRICTIONS ARE POSSIBLE
EACH DAY.

&&

.MARINE...
A HURRICANE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR ALL ZONES. THE ARRIVAL OF
THE HURRICANE WILL GENERATE INCREASING WINDS FROM THE EAST AND
NORTHEAST. THE TRACK APPEARS TO TAKE THE CENTER OF THE STORM OVER OR
VERY NEAR OUR COASTAL WATERS AFTER MIDNIGHT TONIGHT. THIS IS A
LARGE SYSTEM THEREFORE THE WIND FIELD IS RATHER EXTENSIVE. THE
SIZE OF THIS SYSTEM IS ALSO AIDING IN A LARGE FIELD OF HIGH SEAS.
THESE SEAS WILL CONTINUE TO BUILD TODAY AND PEAK LATE TONIGHT AND
SUNDAY MORNING AS THE CENTER MOVES ON BY. THERE COULD BE A
SECONDARY SURGE OF WINDS FOR A FEW HOURS SUNDAY AFTERNOON AS
IMPRESSIVE 3-HOUR PRESSURE RISES MOVE THROUGH. WE GENERALLY
FOLLOWED WAVEWATCH FAIRLY CLOSELY BUT LEANED CLOSER TO CONTINUITY
REGARDING THE SUBSIDING OF THE SEAS LATE SUNDAY INTO MONDAY. AS OF
NOW, WE HAVE SEAS PEAKING BETWEEN 20-25 FEET.

THE CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED TO IMPROVE SUNDAY NIGHT INTO MONDAY AS
THE SYSTEM MOVES WELL TO OUR NORTH AND THE PRESSURE GRADIENT EASES
SIGNIFICANTLY. THE OFFSHORE WINDS IN THE WAKE OF IRENE SHOULD ALLOW
THE SEAS TO SUBSIDE FAIRLY QUICKLY OVERALL.

OUTLOOK...
HIGH PRESSURE WILL LIKELY INFLUENCE THE COASTAL WATERS OF NEW JERSEY
AND DELAWARE FROM MONDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY. WIND SPEEDS ARE FORECAST
TO STAY GENERALLY LESS THAN 15 KNOTS. WAVE HEIGHTS ON OUR OCEAN
WATERS SHOULD REMAIN HIGH ON MONDAY IN THE WAKE OF HURRICANE IRENE.
WAVE HEIGHTS ARE EXPECTED TO SUBSIDE SLOWLY ON TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY.

&&

.HYDROLOGY...
HEAVY AND POSSIBLY RECORD SETTING RAINFALL TODAY AND SUNDAY MAY
RESULT IN MAJOR FLOODING ACROSS THE AREA.

THE PW VALUES FORECAST ACROSS THE REGION ARE RATHER IMPRESSIVE
WITH 2.0-2.5 INCHES OVERSPREADING THE REGION TODAY INTO SUNDAY.
IF THE CENTER GETS CLOSE ENOUGH TO THE COAST, SOME GUIDANCE
INDICATES THE PW VALUES INCREASE TO JUST OVER 3.0 INCHES. THIS
AMOUNT OF MOISTURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE WILL LEAD TO EXCESSIVE
RAINFALL RATES AND TOTALS. THIS COMBINED WITH ANY UPSLOPE
ENHANCEMENT AND/OR LOCALLY ENHANCED CONVERGENCE/BANDING WILL ADD
TO THE RAIN RATES. THE INITIAL INFLUX OF THIS HIGHER MOISTURE
CONTENT AIR ALONG WITH THE PRESENCE OF A STATIONARY FRONT WILL LEAD
TO BOUTS OF LOCALLY VERY HEAVY DOWNPOURS WELL BEFORE THE HURRICANE
GETS TO OUR LATITUDE.

SMALLER CREEKS AND STREAMS WILL BE HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO RAPID
FLOODING. THE RARITAN AND SCHUYLKILL RIVERS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO
REACT RATHER QUICKLY AND ALSO ARE HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO FLOODING.
THE DELAWARE, SUSQUEHANNA, RANCOCAS AND PASSAIC RIVERS REACT MORE
SLOWLY, BUT THEY ALSO ARE HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO FLOODING. IN
ADDITION, THE WINDSWEPT RAIN WILL LIKELY PRODUCE URBAN AND POOR
DRAINAGE FLOODING. THE STRONG ONSHORE FLOW COMBINED WITH THE TIDES
WILL TEND TO BACK WATER UP, COMPLICATING FLOODING PROBLEMS. GIVEN
THE QPF FORECAST /6 TO 10 INCHES WITH LOCALLY UP TO 12 INCHES/ AND
THE ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS, THE FLOOD WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT AND
WE CONTINUE TO CARRY A HEAVY RAIN MENTION IN THE FORECAST.

&&

.TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
THE THREAT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE COASTAL FLOODING REMAINS HIGH OVER
THE WEEKEND AS HURRICANE IRENE IMPACTS OUR REGION. THE SUNDAY
MORNING HIGH TIDE ALONG THE OCEANFRONT AND DELAWARE BAY IS OF MOST
CONCERN. HOWEVER, WITH THE STRENGTH OF THE STORM, COASTAL FLOODING
MAY VERY WELL BE AN ISSUE FOR HOURS BEFORE AND AFTER THE HIGH TIDE
OCCURS.

WITH WATER EXPECTED TO BE PUSHED UP DELAWARE BAY, FLOODING IS ALSO A
CONCERN FOR THE TIDAL PORTION OF THE DELAWARE RIVER.

COASTAL FLOODING ISSUES MAY LINGER INTO THE SUNDAY EVENING HIGH
TIDE, ESPECIALLY ALONG THE NORTHERN PART OF THE NEW JERSEY COAST AND
ALONG RARITAN BAY.

&&

.RIP CURRENTS...
DANGEROUS RIP CURRENTS ASSOCIATED WITH HURRICANE IRENE ARE
ANTICIPATED THROUGH THE ENTIRE WEEKEND.

&&

.EQUIPMENT...
TECHNICIANS CONTINUE TO WORK STEADILY ON THE FORT DIX, NEW JERSEY
/KDIX/ DOPPLER RADAR, WHICH FAILED OVERNIGHT.

&&

.PHI WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
PA...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR PAZ054-055-060>062-
     067>071.
     TROPICAL STORM WARNING FOR PAZ054-055-060>062-067>069.
     HURRICANE WARNING FOR PAZ070-071.
NJ...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR NJZ001-007>010-012>027.
     TROPICAL STORM WARNING FOR NJZ001-007>010-015.
     HURRICANE WARNING FOR NJZ012>014-016>027.
DE...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR DEZ001>004.
     HURRICANE WARNING FOR DEZ001>004.
MD...FLOOD WATCH THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING FOR MDZ008-012-015-019-020.
     TROPICAL STORM WARNING FOR MDZ008-012-015.
     HURRICANE WARNING FOR MDZ019-020.
MARINE...HURRICANE WARNING FOR ANZ430-431-450>455-470.
&&

SYNOPSIS...IOVINO
NEAR TERM...GORSE/DELISI
SHORT TERM...GORSE
LONG TERM...IOVINO
AVIATION...GORSE/IOVINO/DELISI
MARINE...GORSE/IOVINO
HYDROLOGY...GORSE
TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...IOVINO
RIP CURRENTS...IOVINO
EQUIPMENT...GORSE/DELISI

Hazardous weather outlook, Aug 27, 10:04 AM EST, 56 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

MDZ008-NJZ001-007>010-015-PAZ054-055-060>062-067>069-280000-
CECIL-SUSSEX-WARREN-MORRIS-HUNTERDON-SOMERSET-MERCER-CARBON-MONROE-
BERKS-LEHIGH-NORTHAMPTON-CHESTER-MONTGOMERY-BUCKS-
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

...TROPICAL STORM WARNING IN EFFECT...
...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHEAST MARYLAND...CENTRAL
NEW JERSEY...NORTHERN NEW JERSEY...NORTHWEST NEW JERSEY...EAST
CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA...NORTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA AND SOUTHEAST
PENNSYLVANIA.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   TROPICAL STORM WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   TROPICAL STORM WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

NJZ012>014-017>020-026-027-PAZ070-071-280000-
MIDDLESEX-WESTERN MONMOUTH-EASTERN MONMOUTH-GLOUCESTER-CAMDEN-
NORTHWESTERN BURLINGTON-OCEAN-COASTAL OCEAN-SOUTHEASTERN BURLINGTON-
DELAWARE-PHILADELPHIA-
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

...HURRICANE WARNING IN EFFECT...
...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR CENTRAL NEW JERSEY...NORTHERN
NEW JERSEY...SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY AND SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   HURRICANE WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   HURRICANE WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

DEZ001>004-MDZ019-020-NJZ016-021>025-280000-
NEW CASTLE-KENT-INLAND SUSSEX-DELAWARE BEACHES-TALBOT-CAROLINE-SALEM-
CUMBERLAND-ATLANTIC-CAPE MAY-ATLANTIC COASTAL CAPE MAY-
COASTAL ATLANTIC-
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

...TORNADO WATCH 811 IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING...
...HURRICANE WARNING IN EFFECT...
...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR CENTRAL DELAWARE...NORTHERN
DELAWARE...SOUTHERN DELAWARE...NORTHEAST MARYLAND AND SOUTHERN NEW
JERSEY.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   TORNADO WATCH.
   HURRICANE WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   HURRICANE WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

MDZ012-015-280000-
KENT MD-QUEEN ANNES-
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

...TORNADO WATCH 811 IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING...
...TROPICAL STORM WARNING IN EFFECT...
...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT THROUGH SUNDAY EVENING...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHEAST MARYLAND.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   TORNADO WATCH.
   TROPICAL STORM WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   TROPICAL STORM WARNING.
   FLOOD WATCH.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

ANZ430-431-452>455-280000-
DELAWARE BAY WATERS NORTH OF EAST POINT NJ TO SLAUGHTER BEACH DE-
DELAWARE BAY WATERS SOUTH OF EAST POINT NJ TO SLAUGHTER BEACH DE-
COASTAL WATERS FROM LITTLE EGG INLET TO GREAT EGG INLET NJ OUT 20 NM-
COASTAL WATERS FROM GREAT EGG INLET TO CAPE MAY NJ OUT 20 NM-
COASTAL WATERS FROM CAPE MAY NJ TO CAPE HENLOPEN DE OUT 20 NM-
COASTAL WATERS FROM CAPE HENLOPEN TO FENWICK ISLAND DE OUT 20 NM-
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

...TORNADO WATCH 811 IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING...
...HURRICANE WARNING IN EFFECT...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR ATLANTIC COASTAL WATERS AND
DELAWARE BAY WATERS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   TORNADO WATCH.
   HURRICANE WARNING.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   HURRICANE WARNING.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

ANZ450-451-280000-
COASTAL WATERS FROM SANDY HOOK TO MANASQUAN INLET NJ OUT 20 NM-
COASTAL WATERS FROM MANASQUAN INLET TO LITTLE EGG INLET NJ OUT 20 NM-
1104 AM EDT SAT AUG 27 2011

...HURRICANE WARNING IN EFFECT...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR ATLANTIC COASTAL WATERS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   HURRICANE WARNING.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   HURRICANE WARNING.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

WEATHER SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SIGNIFICANT WEATHER
CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES.

The radar

The Dover AFB radar (KDOX), 18 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the first event began at 22:38 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment

Event by event

4 tropical storm, 4 storm surge/tide, 3 flash flood, 3 flood, 1 tornado. Local standard time, as filed.

Tropical Storm, Delaware Beaches

When: August 27, 11:00 AM EST to August 28, 2:00 PM EST
Where: Delaware Beaches forecast zone
Reported by: Mesonet
Coordinates: 38.683, -75.339 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Tropical Storm, Inland Sussex

When: August 27, 11:00 AM EST to August 28, 1:00 PM EST
Where: Inland Sussex forecast zone
Reported by: Mesonet
Coordinates: 38.683, -75.339 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Tropical Storm, Kent

When: August 27, 1:00 PM EST to August 28, 2:00 PM EST
Where: Kent forecast zone
Reported by: Mesonet
Coordinates: 39.096, -75.505 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Tropical Storm, New Castle

When: August 27, 4:00 PM EST to August 28, 4:00 PM EST
Where: New Castle forecast zone
Reported by: Mesonet
Coordinates: 39.578, -75.639 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Storm Surge/Tide, Delaware Beaches

When: August 27, 5:00 PM EST to 9:00 PM EST
Where: Delaware Beaches forecast zone
Reported by: C-MAN Station
Coordinates: 38.683, -75.339 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Storm Surge/Tide, Inland Sussex

When: August 27, 5:00 PM EST to 10:00 PM EST
Where: Inland Sussex forecast zone
Reported by: C-MAN Station
Coordinates: 38.683, -75.339 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Tornado, Sussex

When: August 27, 5:38 PM EST to 5:39 PM EST
Where: Sussex County, 0.94 mi NNE of Nassau to 0.61 mi NNE of Belltown
Rating: EF1
Path length: 0.7 mi
Path width: 80 yd
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 38.763, -75.165

An EF1 tornado touched down in the Quakertown area near Lewes during the early evening of the 27th. This tornado was embedded within convective bands associated with Hurricane Irene. About 50 homes were damaged and several vehicles and sheds were either damaged or destroyed. The tornado touched down near the eastern end of Tradewinds Lane, then moved west along Tradewinds Lane, crossed Delaware State Route 269A before lifting at Crab Apple Lane. Numerous trees were uprooted or snapped along this path, and numerous homes experienced shingle damage in the Tradewinds, Donovan Smith, Swanendael Acres and Nassau Station Developments. The most significant damage occurred on Crab Apple Lane where a house sustained substantial roof damage with its rafters exposed. The house's garage was also ripped away.

The tornado path length was estimated at 0.7 miles, its maximum path width was 80 yards and its estimated maximum wind speed was 95 mph. No serious injuries were reported.

Storm Surge/Tide, Kent

When: August 27, 7:00 PM EST to 11:00 PM EST
Where: Kent forecast zone
Reported by: C-MAN Station
Coordinates: 39.096, -75.505 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Flash Flood, Sussex

When: August 27, 8:00 PM EST to August 28, 5:00 AM EST
Where: Sussex County, 2.7 mi SSE of Fenwick Is to 6.58 mi NNE of Henlopen Acres
Cause: Heavy Rain / Tropical System
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 38.434, -75.031

Flash Flood, Kent

When: August 27, 8:00 PM EST to August 28, 5:00 AM EST
Where: Kent County, 3.08 mi NNW of Woodland Beach to 2.73 mi WNW of Blackiston
Cause: Heavy Rain / Tropical System
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 39.367, -75.512

Flash Flood, New Castle

When: August 27, 8:09 PM EST to August 28, 5:00 AM EST
Where: New Castle County, 3.01 mi W of Milford Xrds to 1.35 mi S of Delaneys Corner
Cause: Heavy Rain / Tropical System
Deaths: 2 direct, 0 indirect
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 39.725, -75.786

Storm Surge/Tide, New Castle

When: August 27, 9:00 PM EST to August 28, 1:00 AM EST
Where: New Castle forecast zone
Reported by: C-MAN Station
Coordinates: 39.578, -75.639 (the zone’s center; the record gives no point)

Flood, New Castle

When: August 28, 5:00 AM EST to August 29, 3:17 AM EST
Where: New Castle County, 2.86 mi W of Milford Xrds to 0.34 mi SW of Delaneys Corner
Cause: Heavy Rain / Tropical System
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 39.724, -75.784

Two 25-year-old men drowned in Hockessin after attempting to run home through the storm across a branch of the Mill Creek on the night of the 27th. Their bodies were recovered near Wilmington on the afternoon of the 29th. Delaware State Route 9 was badly flooded in the county.

The White Clay Creek at Newark was above its 11.5 foot flood stage from 208 a.m. EDT through Noon EDT on the 28th. It crested at 14.64 feet at 530 a.m. EDT. It was the highest crest since the remnants of Hurricane Jeanne in late September of 2004. Farther downstream, the White Clay Creek downstream of Newark had record breaking major flooding with a crest of 17.20 feet at 815 a.m. EDT on the 28th. The previous record was set during Hurricane Floyd in September of 1999. The creek was above its 13 foot flood stage from 1044 p.m. EDT on the 27th through 423 p.m. EDT on the 28th.

The Red Clay Creek had major flooding, its worst flooding since the remnants of Hurricane Jeanne in late September of 2004 and the fourth highest crest on record. The Red Clay Creek at Wooddale was above its 7 foot flood stage from 1106 p.m. EDT on the 27th through 1240 p.m. EDT on the 28th. It crested at 12.99 feet at 645 a.m. EDT on the 28th. Farther downstream, the Red Clay Creek at Stanton was above its 15 foot flood stage from 1039 p.m. EDT on the 27th through 346 p.m. EDT on the 28th. It crested at 23.18 feet at 745 a.m. EDT on the 28th.

The Christina River at Coochs Bridge had record breaking major flooding with a crest of 13.89 feet at 415 a.m. EDT on the 28th. The previous record was set with Hurricane Floyd in September of 1999. The river was above its 10.5 foot flood stage from 909 p.m. EDT on the 27th through 1143 a.m. EDT on the 28th. The Brandywine Creek at Wilmington had moderate flooding and a record breaking crest of18.71 feet at 230 p.m. EDT on the 28th. The creek was above its 16.5 foot flood stage from 454 a.m. EDT on the 28th through 417 a.m. EDT on the 29th.

Event rainfall totals included 8.12 inches in Clayton, 7.85 inches in Armstrong, 7.80 inches in Middletown, 7.00 inches in Newport and 6.94 inches at the New Castle County Airport.

Flood, Kent

When: August 28, 5:00 AM EST to 11:00 PM EST
Where: Kent County, 3.61 mi NNW of Woodland Beach to 3.87 mi ENE of Port Mahon
Cause: Heavy Rain / Tropical System
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 39.377, -75.510

Flooding drowned several thousand chickens in Felton. Delaware State Route 6 was flooded in Smyrna and Delaware State Route 9 was flooded in Little Creek. Mirror Lake also flooded in Dover. Event rainfall totals included 10.08 inches in Marydel, 8.55 inches in Smyrna, 6.93 inches in Dover, 5.26 inches in Magnolia and 4.90 inches in Felton.

Flood, Sussex

When: August 28, 5:00 AM EST to August 30, 10:07 AM EST
Where: Sussex County, Slaughter Beach to 5.62 mi E of Milford Arpt
Cause: Heavy Rain / Tropical System
Reported by: Emergency Manager
Coordinates: 38.900, -75.280

The Nanticoke River at Bridgeville was above its 8 foot flood stage from 905 a.m. on the 28th through 207 p.m. EDT on the 29th. It crested at 8.73 feet at 8 p.m. EDT on the 28th. The Beaver Dam Ditch at Camly Road was above its 9 foot flood stage from 1203 p.m. EDT on the 28th through 1107 a.m. EDT on the 30th. It crested at 11.74 feet at 820 a.m. EDT on the 29th.

Event rainfall totals included 9.83 inches in Greenwood, 8.72 inches in Delmar, 7.78 inches in Cokesbury, 7.40 inches in Seaford, 6.00 inches in Lewes, and 5.60 inches at the Georgetown Airport.

The people who died

As the offices recorded each death: direct deaths were caused by the weather itself, indirect ones by something it set in motion.

Event	Date	Age	Sex	Where	Kind
Flash Flood, New Castle	2011-08-27	25	Male	In Water	Direct
Flash Flood, New Castle	2011-08-27	25	Male	In Water	Direct

What these are

Tropical Storm: A tropical cyclone with sustained winds of 34 to 63 knots (39 to 73 mph).
Storm Surge/Tide: Water pushed ashore above the normal tide by a storm’s winds and low pressure.
Tornado: A violently rotating column of air in contact with the ground and extending from a thunderstorm, filed with its path, width and Fujita or Enhanced Fujita rating from the damage survey.
Flash Flood: Flooding that begins within six hours of the rain that causes it, or of a dam or levee failure or ice jam release, often with deadly speed.
Flood: Flooding that develops more slowly than a flash flood: rivers leaving their banks, or water standing over land for an extended time.

After NWS Directive 10-1605, the rules offices file Storm Data by.

The same day elsewhere

Every storm in Delaware in 2011 Every state in 2011 This day in weather history The tornado archive for Delaware, 2011 Warnings in Delaware, August 2011 The 2011 hurricane season

Sources

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, compiled from the National Weather Service’s monthly Storm Data. Complete through 2026-06; NCEI adds each month about 75 days after it ends and revises past years a few times a year. Rebuilt 2026-09-24. Each event’s entry at NCEI: 343013, 343014, 343018, 343019, 343027, 343028, 343049, 343029, 343039, 343041, 343042, 343030, 343046, 343047, 343048.