Citadel Mountain mountain forecast

Summit

9,035 ft (2,754 m)

Forecast grid ground

6,207 ft (1,892 m)

Summit temperature

28°F

Summit wind

WSW 43 mph

Freezing level

7,848 ft

High at the summit, by lapse rate

29°F

The last tile carries the Weather Service’s high from its grid’s 6,207 ft up 2,828 ft to the summit at the standard atmosphere’s 6.5 °C per kilometer (about 3.6 °F per 1,000 ft). Real lapse rates vary: an inversion can make the summit warmer than the valley.

NOAA’s GFS model, run Fri, Sep 25, 6:00 PM MDT, interpolated to 9,035 ft between its pressure levels: the free air over the summit, which on a ridge is close to what a climber feels and in a sheltered spot is more than it. Wind chill is the National Weather Service’s formula, given where the temperature is 50°F or less and the wind above 3 mph.

The Weather Service’s forecast asked at the summit’s coordinates (48.6322, -113.6550), by its office in Great Falls, MT. Its grid cell is 2.5 km across and sits at 6,207 ft (1,892 m), 2,828 ft below the summit, so its temperatures and winds are for that height.

An estimate: the height a rising parcel of the grid’s air would reach saturation, about 125 m for every degree Celsius between temperature and dew point (Espy’s rule), added to the grid’s ground. It fits cumulus and fog made on the spot, not a deck of stratus carried in from elsewhere.

September 26: 0.9 in. 0.9 inches in all. Snow level as low as 5,079 ft.

National Weather Service snowfall at the grid cell over the summit.

For a sea-level horizon at the summit’s position, local time. From a summit the horizon sits lower, so the sun is seen a few minutes before sunrise and after sunset; a ridge to the east or west does the opposite.

Why a summit forecast differs

The air cools with height, by about 3.6°F per 1,000 feet on average, and the wind above a ridge blows at the speed of the free atmosphere rather than slowed by the valley floor. A town’s forecast says little about the top of the mountain above it.

Freezing level

The height where the air is at 32°F (0°C). Above it precipitation falls as snow and wet rock freezes; the snow line usually sits a few hundred to a thousand feet below it.

Wind chill

How cold the air feels on exposed skin, from the temperature and the wind, by the National Weather Service’s 2001 formula.

Cloud base

Where cloud begins. When it is below the summit, the top is in cloud: no view, and in cold air, rime ice and poor visibility.

Prominence

How far a summit rises above the lowest contour line that encircles it and no higher summit: the measure of a mountain’s own height, not its neighbors’.

Summits

• Mount Jackson10,052 ft · 4 mi
• Gunsight Mountain (Montana)9,259 ft · 5 mi
• Mount Siyeh10,013 ft · 7 mi
• Triple Divide Peak7,982 ft · 8 mi
• Mount James9,377 ft · 8 mi
• Mount Stimson10,141 ft · 8 mi
• Heavens Peak8,986 ft · 11 mi
• Mount Phillips9,495 ft · 12 mi
• Mount Wilbur9,327 ft · 13 mi
• Rising Wolf Mountain9,518 ft · 14 mi

Ski areas

• Whitefish Mountain Resort33 mi

Forecasts from the National Weather Service. Summit-height temperature, wind and freezing level from NOAA’s Global Forecast System on NOAA Open Data. Summits from Wikidata (CC0): prominence >= 600 m, or elevation >= 4267 m, or >= 12 Wikipedia editions; English Wikipedia article required; read 2026-09-25. Mountain weather changes fast; check the forecast again before you go.