Vila Punaú, Brazil

1. Tue4 PM82°20 mph
2. 5 PM80°20 mph
3. 6 PM79°20 mph
4. 7 PM79°19 mph
5. 8 PM79°19 mph
6. 9 PM78°18 mph
7. 10 PM78°18 mph
8. 11 PM78°18 mph
9. Wed12 AM77°17 mph
10. 1 AM77°16 mph
11. 2 AM77°16 mph
12. 3 AM76°16 mph
13. 4 AM76°16 mph
14. 5 AM76°17 mph
15. 6 AM77°17 mph
16. 7 AM79°18 mph
17. 8 AM82°19 mph
18. 9 AM83°19 mph
19. 10 AM83°19 mph
20. 11 AM84°20 mph
21. 12 PM84°20 mph
22. 1 PM84°19 mph
23. 2 PM83°19 mph
24. 3 PM82°19 mph
25. 4 PM81°20 mph
26. 5 PM80°20 mph
27. 6 PM79°20 mph
28. 7 PM79°19 mph
29. 8 PM78°19 mph
30. 9 PM78°18 mph
31. 10 PM78°18 mph
32. 11 PM78°17 mph
33. Thu12 AM77°17 mph
34. 1 AM77°17 mph
35. 2 AM76°17 mph
36. 3 AM77°17 mph
37. 4 AM76°16 mph
38. 5 AM76°17 mph
39. 6 AM76°17 mph
40. 7 AM79°18 mph
41. 8 AM82°17 mph
42. 9 AM83°17 mph
43. 10 AM83°17 mph
44. 11 AM84°16 mph
45. 12 PM84°16 mph
46. 1 PM83°17 mph
47. 2 PM83°16 mph
48. 3 PM82°16 mph

Scroll sideways for more hours. Pick an hour for every number.

1. TodaySep 2982°76°Partly cloudy—wind 20 mph
2. WedSep 3084°76°Light rain showers—0.06 inwind 20 mph
3. ThuOct 184°75°Rain showers—0.08 inwind 18 mph
4. FriOct 282°77°Light rain showers—0.06 inwind 17 mph
5. SatOct 383°77°Partly cloudy—0.03 inwind 16 mph
6. SunOct 483°77°Partly cloudy—0.03 inwind 17 mph
7. MonOct 585°76°Partly cloudy—0.02 inwind 18 mph
8. TueOct 683°75°Light rain showers—0.12 inwind 18 mph
9. WedOct 784°76°Mostly clear—0.06 inwind 17 mph
10. ThuOct 883°78°Partly cloudy—0.02 inwind 16 mph
11. FriOct 9~84°76°Model mean
12. SatOct 10~85°77°Model mean0.01 in
13. SunOct 11~85°77°Model mean
14. MonOct 12~86°77°Model mean
15. TueOct 13~85°77°Model mean
16. WedOct 14~87°78°Model mean0.01 in

• Feels like86°
• WindESE 20 mph
• Humidity72%
• Dew point72°
• Pressure29.88 inHg
• UV index1 · Lowclear-sky peak 1 today
• Sunrise and sunsetSunrise · Sunset
• Moonrise7:56 PMMoonset 7:10 AM
• Moon phaseWaning gibbous90% lit

Each line is one model’s own forecast at its own grid cell: three kilometers for HRRR, a quarter of a degree for the global models, which can sit a few hundred meters above or below the town. Where they agree the forecast is settled; where they part is where it is not.

NWS gridGFSGEFS ± spreadECMWFECMWF AI

A ~ marks a high or low read from six-hourly steps, which miss the true extreme by a degree or two.

ECMWF ensemble meteogram

10 daysTemperature plume

None of these is a measurement. Each is a rating of the forecast ahead, and of what is happening at the point right now, against what the activity or the ailment is known to mind, and each names the figure that decided it. An ailment or a pest is rated as a risk, low to extreme; an activity, a chore or a journey as a condition, poor to ideal.

The sun is down, so each rating says which span it is for: tomorrow’s daylight, tonight, or the next 24 hours.

Tonight has no dark, clear hour without a bright moon in this forecast. Rated poor.

The last night runs past the end of the forecast and is rated on the hours it covers.

Dark is the sun 18 degrees below the horizon; where it never gets that low, 12 degrees, marked nautical. Clear is sky cover of 20% or less. A bright moon is one above the horizon with a quarter or more of its disc lit. Transparency in the table is estimated from surface humidity (70% and 85% mark fair and poor) and visibility, since the forecast carries no haze or high cloud moisture. Seeing and transparency by hour, where shown, are Environment and Climate Change Canada’s astronomy forecast (regional model; seeing from cloud, wind shear, turbulence near the ground and the surface temperature trend; transparency from the moisture through the whole air column), under the Open Government Licence - Canada. Dew is the air within 2 °C of its dew point. Excellent is four or more clear moonless hours with good transparency; good is three; fair is one, or two clear hours.

Golden hour is the sun between 6 degrees above the horizon and 4 degrees below it; blue hour is the sun between 4 and 6 degrees below. These are the definitions timeanddate.com and PhotoPills use. Directions are degrees clockwise from true north, where the sun’s upper edge and the moon’s center cross a flat horizon; hills and buildings change both. None means the sun does not reach that height on the day; all day means it stays inside the band.

Hours fit for spraying, and the days dry enough for fieldwork and hay, read from this forecast’s wind, gusts, humidity, temperature and rain.

Spraying windows

No stretch of two hours or more meets the rules with 4 rain-free hours after it in this forecast.

Good Marginal No

Field days

Spraying: sustained wind 3 to 10 mph, the range US extension services and most labels give; gusts no more than 15 mph (this page’s limit); delta T (air minus wet-bulb temperature) 2 to 8 °C preferred and 8 to 10 °C marginal, from GRDC guidance, with the wet bulb by Stull’s formula; no hour at a 30% chance of rain or 0.25 mm forecast during the rain-free time. Follow the product label, which overrides all of this. Field days: dry is no daytime hour at a 30% chance and under 1 mm all day, wet is 6 mm (0.25 in) or more; soil moisture is not in the forecast, so ground still wet from earlier rain is not accounted for. Hay drying marks a dry day with humidity down to 50% and a breeze of 5 mph or more.

The best-rated day this week is Tuesday, rated fair.

Periods in bold fall within an hour of sunrise or sunset. The weather’s side is the fishing index · Solunar tables for Vila Punaú, by month

Major periods are two hours centered on the moon’s passage overhead and underfoot; minor periods are one hour centered on moonrise and moonset: the conventional durations of John Alden Knight’s solunar tables (1936). The rating is this site’s: one point to start, two more within a day and a half of a new or full moon (one more within three and a half days), and one more when a period falls within an hour of sunrise or sunset. The theory has mixed support in fisheries research; the times are exact astronomy.

1. This Afternoon82° · ESE 21 mph

   Partly cloudy. High near 28°C. Eastsoutheast wind around 33 km/h.

2. Tonight76° · ESE 16–20 mph

   Light rain showers. Low near 24°C. Eastsoutheast wind 26 to 32 km/h.

3. Wednesday84° · ESE 17–20 mph

   Light rain showers. High near 29°C. Eastsoutheast wind 27 to 32 km/h. Precipitation around 1.3 mm.

4. Wednesday Night76° · ESE 16–20 mph

   Light rain showers. Low near 24°C. Eastsoutheast wind 26 to 32 km/h. Precipitation around 1.2 mm.

5. Thursday84° · E 16–17 mph

   Rain showers. High near 29°C. East wind 25 to 28 km/h. Precipitation around 0.9 mm.

6. Thursday Night75° · ESE 14–17 mph

   Light rain showers. Low near 24°C. Eastsoutheast wind 23 to 27 km/h. Precipitation around 0.5 mm.

7. Friday82° · E 14–17 mph

   Light rain showers. High near 28°C. East wind 23 to 28 km/h. Precipitation around 1.0 mm.

8. Friday Night77° · ESE 9–11 mph

   Partly cloudy. Low near 25°C. Eastsoutheast wind 14 to 18 km/h.

9. Saturday83° · E 14–16 mph

   Partly cloudy. High near 29°C. East wind 22 to 26 km/h.

10. Saturday Night77° · ESE 11–12 mph

    Light rain showers. Low near 25°C. Eastsoutheast wind 17 to 19 km/h. Precipitation around 0.7 mm.

11. Sunday83° · ESE 16–17 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 29°C. Eastsoutheast wind 25 to 28 km/h.

12. Sunday Night77° · ESE 14–14 mph

    Partly cloudy. Low near 25°C. Eastsoutheast wind 22 to 23 km/h. Precipitation around 0.5 mm.

13. Monday85° · SE 16–19 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 29°C. Southeast wind 26 to 30 km/h.

14. Monday Night76° · SSE 11–12 mph

    Rain showers. Low near 24°C. Southsoutheast wind 17 to 19 km/h. Precipitation around 1.8 mm.

15. Tuesday83° · SE 17–18 mph

    Light rain showers. High near 28°C. Southeast wind 27 to 29 km/h. Precipitation around 1.1 mm.

16. Tuesday Night75° · SE 11–12 mph

    Light rain showers. Low near 24°C. Southeast wind 17 to 20 km/h. Precipitation around 1.3 mm.

17. Wednesday84° · ESE 17 mph

    Mostly clear. High near 29°C. Eastsoutheast wind around 27 km/h.

18. Wednesday Night76° · SE 10–12 mph

    Mostly clear. Low near 25°C. Southeast wind 16 to 19 km/h.

19. Thursday83° · SE 15–16 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 29°C. Southeast wind 24 to 26 km/h.

20. Thursday Night78° · SE 11 mph

    No forecast. Low near 26°C. Southeast wind around 18 km/h.

Climate of Vila Punaú: normals, records and every month

The forecast office edits about sixty fields for every cell of its grid. The common ones are above; these are the rest, as the daily extreme, for anyone who needs the mixing height, the fire danger or the swell.