Governador Valadares, Brazil

1. Thu9 PM78°11 mph
2. 10 PM79°8 mph
3. 11 PM79°7 mph
4. Fri12 AM78°6 mph
5. 1 AM78°6 mph
6. 2 AM78°6 mph
7. 3 AM78°7 mph
8. 4 AM77°6 mph
9. 5 AM76°5 mph
10. 6 AM76°7 mph
11. 7 AM79°10 mph
12. 8 AM81°10 mph
13. 9 AM83°11 mph
14. 10 AM84°10 mph
15. 11 AM85°8 mph
16. 12 PM87°7 mph
17. 1 PM90°7 mph
18. 2 PM94°7 mph
19. 3 PM94°11 mph
20. 4 PM91°12 mph
21. 5 PM89°13 mph
22. 6 PM87°14 mph
23. 7 PM80°15 mph
24. 8 PM77°10 mph
25. 9 PM76°9 mph
26. 10 PM75°11 mph
27. 11 PM74°10 mph
28. Sat12 AM74°11 mph
29. 1 AM74°11 mph
30. 2 AM74°9 mph
31. 3 AM73°8 mph
32. 4 AM73°7 mph
33. 5 AM73°7 mph
34. 6 AM73°6 mph
35. 7 AM74°5 mph
36. 8 AM75°6 mph
37. 9 AM79°9 mph
38. 10 AM82°9 mph
39. 11 AM85°9 mph
40. 12 PM87°8 mph
41. 1 PM89°9 mph
42. 2 PM89°9 mph
43. 3 PM89°8 mph
44. 4 PM89°7 mph
45. 5 PM84°13 mph
46. 6 PM78°12 mph
47. 7 PM76°13 mph
48. 8 PM74°13 mph

Scroll sideways for more hours. Pick an hour for every number.

1. TodayOct 179°76°Partly cloudy—wind 11 mph
2. FriOct 294°73°Partly cloudy—0.65 inwind 15 mph
3. SatOct 389°72°Light rain—0.20 inwind 14 mph
4. SunOct 488°74°Rain—0.06 inwind 12 mph
5. MonOct 592°71°Mostly clear—wind 12 mph
6. TueOct 695°74°Partly cloudy—wind 11 mph
7. WedOct 797°75°Partly cloudy—wind 7 mph
8. ThuOct 895°73°Clear—wind 13 mph
9. FriOct 995°74°Clear—wind 13 mph
10. SatOct 1098°77°Partly cloudy—wind 8 mph
11. SunOct 1187°77°No forecast—wind 6 mph
12. MonOct 12~99°73°Model mean0.02 in
13. TueOct 13~96°75°Model mean0.23 in
14. WedOct 14~93°73°Model mean0.09 in
15. ThuOct 15~92°77°Model mean0.10 in
16. FriOct 16~87°72°Model mean0.11 in

• Feels like78°
• WindSSE 11 mph
• Humidity78%
• Dew point71°
• Pressure29.89 inHg
• UV index0 · Lowclear-sky peak 12 Friday
• Sunrise and sunsetSunrise · Sunset · set
• Moonrise10:58 PMMoonset 9:00 AM
• Moon phaseWaning gibbous74% lit

Each line is one model’s own forecast at its own grid cell: three kilometers for HRRR, a quarter of a degree for the global models, which can sit a few hundred meters above or below the town. Where they agree the forecast is settled; where they part is where it is not.

NWS gridGFSGEFS ± spreadECMWFECMWF AI

A ~ marks a high or low read from six-hourly steps, which miss the true extreme by a degree or two.

ECMWF ensemble meteogram

10 daysTemperature plume

None of these is a measurement. Each is a rating of the forecast ahead, and of what is happening at the point right now, against what the activity or the ailment is known to mind, and each names the figure that decided it. An ailment or a pest is rated as a risk, low to extreme; an activity, a chore or a journey as a condition, poor to ideal.

The sun is down, so each rating says which span it is for: tomorrow’s daylight, tonight, or the next 24 hours.

Tonight has no dark, clear hour without a bright moon in this forecast. Rated poor.

Dark is the sun 18 degrees below the horizon; where it never gets that low, 12 degrees, marked nautical. Clear is sky cover of 20% or less. A bright moon is one above the horizon with a quarter or more of its disc lit. Transparency in the table is estimated from surface humidity (70% and 85% mark fair and poor) and visibility, since the forecast carries no haze or high cloud moisture. Seeing and transparency by hour, where shown, are Environment and Climate Change Canada’s astronomy forecast (regional model; seeing from cloud, wind shear, turbulence near the ground and the surface temperature trend; transparency from the moisture through the whole air column), under the Open Government Licence - Canada. Dew is the air within 2 °C of its dew point. Excellent is four or more clear moonless hours with good transparency; good is three; fair is one, or two clear hours.

Golden hour is the sun between 6 degrees above the horizon and 4 degrees below it; blue hour is the sun between 4 and 6 degrees below. These are the definitions timeanddate.com and PhotoPills use. Directions are degrees clockwise from true north, where the sun’s upper edge and the moon’s center cross a flat horizon; hills and buildings change both. None means the sun does not reach that height on the day; all day means it stays inside the band.

Hours fit for spraying, and the days dry enough for fieldwork and hay, read from this forecast’s wind, gusts, humidity, temperature and rain.

Spraying windows

• Thu 10 PM to Fri 7 AM 9 hours, every hour within the rules
• Fri 10 AM to 2 PM 4 hours, some with delta T between 8 and 10 °C
• Sat 11 AM to 1 PM 2 hours, every hour within the rules
• Sun 12 AM to 5 AM 5 hours, every hour within the rules
• Sun 3 PM to 9 PM 6 hours, some with delta T between 8 and 10 °C
• Mon 3 AM to 3 PM 12 hours, every hour within the rules
• Tue 3 AM to 3 PM 12 hours, every hour within the rules
• Tue 9 PM to Wed 3 PM 18 hours, every hour within the rules

Good Marginal No

Field days

Spraying: sustained wind 3 to 10 mph, the range US extension services and most labels give; gusts no more than 15 mph (this page’s limit); delta T (air minus wet-bulb temperature) 2 to 8 °C preferred and 8 to 10 °C marginal, from GRDC guidance, with the wet bulb by Stull’s formula; no hour at a 30% chance of rain or 0.25 mm forecast during the rain-free time. Follow the product label, which overrides all of this. Field days: dry is no daytime hour at a 30% chance and under 1 mm all day, wet is 6 mm (0.25 in) or more; soil moisture is not in the forecast, so ground still wet from earlier rain is not accounted for. Hay drying marks a dry day with humidity down to 50% and a breeze of 5 mph or more.

The best-rated day this week is Thursday, rated fair.

Periods in bold fall within an hour of sunrise or sunset. The weather’s side is the fishing index · Solunar tables for Governador Valadares, by month

Major periods are two hours centered on the moon’s passage overhead and underfoot; minor periods are one hour centered on moonrise and moonset: the conventional durations of John Alden Knight’s solunar tables (1936). The rating is this site’s: one point to start, two more within a day and a half of a new or full moon (one more within three and a half days), and one more when a period falls within an hour of sunrise or sunset. The theory has mixed support in fisheries research; the times are exact astronomy.

1. Tonight76° · SSW 5–11 mph

   Partly cloudy. Low near 24°C. Southsouthwest wind 8 to 18 km/h.

2. Friday94° · ESE 7–13 mph

   Partly cloudy. High near 35°C. Eastsoutheast wind 11 to 21 km/h.

3. Friday Night73° · ESE 7–15 mph

   Heavy rain. Low near 23°C. Eastsoutheast wind 12 to 24 km/h. Precipitation around 19 mm.

4. Saturday89° · ENE 6–13 mph

   Light rain. High near 32°C. Eastnortheast wind 9 to 21 km/h. Precipitation around 2 mm.

5. Saturday Night72° · E 6–14 mph

   Light rain. Low near 22°C. East wind 9 to 22 km/h. Precipitation around 0.6 mm.

6. Sunday88° · ENE 6–11 mph

   Rain. High near 31°C. Eastnortheast wind 9 to 18 km/h. Precipitation around 1.4 mm.

7. Sunday Night74° · E 7–12 mph

   Partly cloudy. Low near 24°C. East wind 11 to 20 km/h.

8. Monday92° · NE 7–10 mph

   Mostly clear. High near 33°C. Northeast wind 12 to 16 km/h.

9. Monday Night71° · E 4–11 mph

   Mostly clear. Low near 22°C. East wind 6 to 18 km/h.

10. Tuesday95° · NE 2–6 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 35°C. Northeast wind 4 to 10 km/h.

11. Tuesday Night74° · ESE 5–7 mph

    Cloudy. Low near 24°C. Eastsoutheast wind 8 to 12 km/h.

12. Wednesday97° · ENE 3–5 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 36°C. Eastnortheast wind 5 to 8 km/h.

13. Wednesday Night75° · E 6 mph

    Partly cloudy. Low near 24°C. East wind around 10 km/h.

14. Thursday95° · E 6–7 mph

    Clear. High near 35°C. East wind 10 to 12 km/h.

15. Thursday Night73° · E 5–12 mph

    Clear. Low near 23°C. East wind 8 to 20 km/h.

16. Friday95° · NE 3–6 mph

    Clear. High near 35°C. Northeast wind 5 to 10 km/h.

17. Friday Night74° · E 5–8 mph

    Mostly clear. Low near 23°C. East wind 8 to 13 km/h.

18. Saturday98° · NE 2–6 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 37°C. Northeast wind 4 to 9 km/h.

19. Saturday Night77° · E 4–6 mph

    Clear. Low near 25°C. East wind 7 to 10 km/h.

20. Sunday87° · ENE 3 mph

    No forecast. High near 31°C. Eastnortheast wind around 5 km/h.

Climate of Governador Valadares: normals, records and every month

The forecast office edits about sixty fields for every cell of its grid. The common ones are above; these are the rest, as the daily extreme, for anyone who needs the mixing height, the fire danger or the swell.