The Rocks, Australia

1. Tue7 PM63°19 mph
2. 8 PM62°19 mph
3. 9 PM62°19 mph
4. 10 PM61°17 mph
5. 11 PM59°14 mph
6. Wed12 AM57°11 mph
7. 1 AM56°11 mph
8. 2 AM55°10 mph
9. 3 AM55°9 mph
10. 4 AM55°10 mph
11. 5 AM54°12 mph
12. 6 AM54°13 mph
13. 7 AM56°11 mph
14. 8 AM59°10 mph
15. 9 AM63°10 mph
16. 10 AM67°13 mph
17. 11 AM69°17 mph
18. 12 PM70°19 mph
19. 1 PM70°19 mph
20. 2 PM71°20 mph
21. 3 PM71°22 mph
22. 4 PM70°24 mph
23. 5 PM69°24 mph
24. 6 PM68°24 mph
25. 7 PM67°24 mph
26. 8 PM66°24 mph
27. 9 PM65°22 mph
28. 10 PM65°18 mph
29. 11 PM64°14 mph
30. Thu12 AM63°12 mph
31. 1 AM62°10 mph
32. 2 AM60°10 mph
33. 3 AM59°9 mph
34. 4 AM58°9 mph
35. 5 AM57°8 mph
36. 6 AM57°8 mph
37. 7 AM60°8 mph
38. 8 AM65°7 mph
39. 9 AM69°5 mph
40. 10 AM73°5 mph
41. 11 AM76°7 mph
42. 12 PM79°9 mph
43. 1 PM80°16 mph
44. 2 PM79°21 mph
45. 3 PM78°23 mph
46. 4 PM75°24 mph
47. 5 PM73°23 mph
48. 6 PM70°23 mph

Scroll sideways for more hours. Pick an hour for every number.

1. TodaySep 2963°54°Clear—wind 19 mph
2. WedSep 3071°57°Partly cloudy—wind 24 mph
3. ThuOct 180°62°Partly cloudy—wind 24 mph
4. FriOct 274°66°Partly cloudy—wind 15 mph
5. SatOct 371°56°Heavy rain—0.42 inwind 10 mph
6. SunOct 468°57°Clear—wind 10 mph
7. MonOct 568°61°Partly cloudy—0.02 inwind 8 mph
8. TueOct 672°62°Mostly clear—0.01 inwind 13 mph
9. WedOct 765°58°Light rain showers—0.08 inwind 15 mph
10. ThuOct 866°61°Mostly clear—0.02 inwind 12 mph
11. FriOct 9~71°57°Model mean
12. SatOct 10~74°57°Model mean
13. SunOct 11~79°64°Model mean
14. MonOct 12~72°60°Model mean0.03 in
15. TueOct 13~67°59°Model mean0.07 in
16. WedOct 14~61°56°Model mean0.04 in

• Feels like63°
• WindNE 19 mph
• Humidity60%
• Dew point49°
• Pressure30.38 inHg
• UV index0 · Lowclear-sky peak 7 Wednesday
• Sunrise and sunsetSunrise · Sunset · set
• Moonrise8:51 PMMoonset 6:35 AM
• Moon phaseWaning gibbous93% lit

Each line is one model’s own forecast at its own grid cell: three kilometers for HRRR, a quarter of a degree for the global models, which can sit a few hundred meters above or below the town. Where they agree the forecast is settled; where they part is where it is not.

NWS gridGFSGEFS ± spreadECMWFECMWF AI

A ~ marks a high or low read from six-hourly steps, which miss the true extreme by a degree or two.

ECMWF ensemble meteogram

10 daysTemperature plume

None of these is a measurement. Each is a rating of the forecast ahead, and of what is happening at the point right now, against what the activity or the ailment is known to mind, and each names the figure that decided it. An ailment or a pest is rated as a risk, low to extreme; an activity, a chore or a journey as a condition, poor to ideal.

The sun is down, so each rating says which span it is for: tomorrow’s daylight, tonight, or the next 24 hours.

Tonight: 2 dark, clear hours without a bright moon, from 7:00 PM. Rated fair.

The last night runs past the end of the forecast and is rated on the hours it covers.

Dark is the sun 18 degrees below the horizon; where it never gets that low, 12 degrees, marked nautical. Clear is sky cover of 20% or less. A bright moon is one above the horizon with a quarter or more of its disc lit. Transparency in the table is estimated from surface humidity (70% and 85% mark fair and poor) and visibility, since the forecast carries no haze or high cloud moisture. Seeing and transparency by hour, where shown, are Environment and Climate Change Canada’s astronomy forecast (regional model; seeing from cloud, wind shear, turbulence near the ground and the surface temperature trend; transparency from the moisture through the whole air column), under the Open Government Licence - Canada. Dew is the air within 2 °C of its dew point. Excellent is four or more clear moonless hours with good transparency; good is three; fair is one, or two clear hours.

Golden hour is the sun between 6 degrees above the horizon and 4 degrees below it; blue hour is the sun between 4 and 6 degrees below. These are the definitions timeanddate.com and PhotoPills use. Directions are degrees clockwise from true north, where the sun’s upper edge and the moon’s center cross a flat horizon; hills and buildings change both. None means the sun does not reach that height on the day; all day means it stays inside the band.

Hours fit for spraying, and the days dry enough for fieldwork and hay, read from this forecast’s wind, gusts, humidity, temperature and rain.

Spraying windows

• Wed 2 AM to 4 AM 2 hours, every hour within the rules
• Thu 2 AM to 1 PM 11 hours, some with delta T between 8 and 10 °C
• Fri 4 AM to 10 PM 18 hours, every hour within the rules
• Sun 11 AM to 5 PM 6 hours, every hour within the rules
• Sun 11 PM to Mon 5 AM 6 hours, every hour within the rules
• Mon 5 PM to 11 PM 6 hours, every hour within the rules
• Tue 11 AM to 5 PM 6 hours, every hour within the rules
• Wed 11 PM to Thu 5 AM 6 hours, every hour within the rules

Good Marginal No

Field days

Spraying: sustained wind 3 to 10 mph, the range US extension services and most labels give; gusts no more than 15 mph (this page’s limit); delta T (air minus wet-bulb temperature) 2 to 8 °C preferred and 8 to 10 °C marginal, from GRDC guidance, with the wet bulb by Stull’s formula; no hour at a 30% chance of rain or 0.25 mm forecast during the rain-free time. Follow the product label, which overrides all of this. Field days: dry is no daytime hour at a 30% chance and under 1 mm all day, wet is 6 mm (0.25 in) or more; soil moisture is not in the forecast, so ground still wet from earlier rain is not accounted for. Hay drying marks a dry day with humidity down to 50% and a breeze of 5 mph or more.

The best-rated day this week is Tuesday, rated good.

Periods in bold fall within an hour of sunrise or sunset. The weather’s side is the fishing index · Solunar tables for The Rocks, by month

Major periods are two hours centered on the moon’s passage overhead and underfoot; minor periods are one hour centered on moonrise and moonset: the conventional durations of John Alden Knight’s solunar tables (1936). The rating is this site’s: one point to start, two more within a day and a half of a new or full moon (one more within three and a half days), and one more when a period falls within an hour of sunrise or sunset. The theory has mixed support in fisheries research; the times are exact astronomy.

1. Tonight54° · N 9–19 mph

   Clear. Low near 12°C. North wind 14 to 31 km/h.

2. Wednesday71° · NNE 9–24 mph

   Partly cloudy. High near 22°C. Northnortheast wind 15 to 39 km/h.

3. Wednesday Night57° · N 8–24 mph

   Partly cloudy. Low near 14°C. North wind 13 to 39 km/h.

4. Thursday80° · NNE 6–24 mph

   Partly cloudy. High near 27°C. Northnortheast wind 9 to 39 km/h.

5. Thursday Night62° · N 9–23 mph

   Partly cloudy. Low near 17°C. North wind 14 to 37 km/h.

6. Friday74° · N 4–9 mph

   Partly cloudy. High near 23°C. North wind 6 to 15 km/h.

7. Friday Night66° · NNE 2–2 mph

   Light rain. Low near 19°C. Northnortheast wind 3 to 4 km/h. Precipitation around 2 mm.

8. Saturday71° · NNE 6–9 mph

   Heavy rain. High near 22°C. Northnortheast wind 10 to 15 km/h. Precipitation around 9 mm.

9. Saturday Night56° · NW 5–6 mph

   Partly cloudy. Low near 14°C. Northwest wind 8 to 9 km/h.

10. Sunday68° · SW 6–10 mph

    Clear. High near 20°C. Southwest wind 9 to 16 km/h.

11. Sunday Night57° · SW 4–5 mph

    Partly cloudy. Low near 14°C. Southwest wind 6 to 8 km/h.

12. Monday68° · ESE 2–8 mph

    Partly cloudy. High near 20°C. Eastsoutheast wind 3 to 13 km/h.

13. Monday Night61° · W 4–6 mph

    Cloudy. Low near 16°C. West wind 7 to 9 km/h.

14. Tuesday72° · SW 5–12 mph

    Mostly clear. High near 22°C. Southwest wind 8 to 20 km/h.

15. Tuesday Night62° · S 13–16 mph

    Light rain showers. Low near 17°C. South wind 21 to 25 km/h. Precipitation around 1.2 mm.

16. Wednesday65° · S 11–14 mph

    Light rain showers. High near 18°C. South wind 18 to 22 km/h. Precipitation around 1.0 mm.

17. Wednesday Night58° · SSW 6–9 mph

    Mostly clear. Low near 15°C. Southsouthwest wind 10 to 15 km/h.

18. Thursday66° · S 11–12 mph

    Mostly clear. High near 19°C. South wind 17 to 19 km/h.

19. Thursday Night61° · W 4 mph

    No forecast. Low near 16°C. West wind around 7 km/h.

Climate of The Rocks: normals, records and every month

The forecast office edits about sixty fields for every cell of its grid. The common ones are above; these are the rest, as the daily extreme, for anyone who needs the mixing height, the fire danger or the swell.