October 21, 1907 Earthquake: Karatag, Tajikistan
A magnitude 7.4 earthquake struck Karatag, Tajikistan on October 21, 1907 at 04:23:36 UTC, 35 km below the surface. It killed 12,000 people.
Map
Where it struck, with the other significant earthquakes within 200 km. Circles are sized and colored by magnitude; select one for its page.
The earthquake
- Date
- October 21, 1907
- Time
- 04:23:36 UTC
- Place
- Karatag, Tajikistan
- Magnitude
- 7.4 (Ms)
- Focal depth
- 35 km (22 mi)
- Intensity
- 9 on the Modified Mercalli scale
- Tsunami
- None recorded
- Epicenter
- 38.500° N, 67.900° E
- Country
- Tajikistan
The toll
- Deaths
- 12,000
- Damage
- Severe (about $5 to $25 million)
- Houses destroyed
- Many (101 to 1,000)
Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
Oct 21, 1907, 04:23:20 UTC, 38.5 N, 67.9 E, depth 35 km, magnitude 7.4 MS, intensity IX.
Oct 21, 1907, 04:44 UTC, 38.7 N, 68.1 E, depth 24 km, magnitude 7.3 MS.
According to the reports "...A grandiose misfortune encompassed. .. the whole region on the southern slope of the Gissar Range .... The misfortune resulted from a series of average earthquakes. In terms of the size of the affected area, the extent of damage, and in the number of victims. The region of greatest destruction primarily encompassed the southern slope of the Gissar Range.
... The earthquake hit the mountains, destroying
all the mountain kishlaks (villages in Central
Asia). . . . Besides Karatag, almost destroyed by the
earthquake, several other kishlaks in the Gissar and
Denau regions also were heavily damaged--some to an
even greater extent. The earthquake inflicted human
losses and killed domestic stock. Topographic
changes...occurred in many places in the macroseismic
zone. They were limited mainly to landslides of steep
forested river banks, ravines, and steep slopes of high
hills . . . Slides of rooted rock were also noted in
several places."
Two tremors are clearly isolated on the seismograms of the European stations, providing a separate definition of the M (an independent determination of the MLH was made by Professor M. Bath for the two tremors). Macroseismic information for the two tremors is
difficult to separate. According to N. V. Shebalin,
the first tremor may be linked with the meridian fracture, and the second with the latitudinal fracture.
(above from reference #223)
Oct 21, 1907, magnitude 8.0, intensity X, Tajikistan (Karatag), 12000 deaths. (reference #1173)
Oct 21, 1907, Uzbekistan, 12000 deaths. (reference #1250)
Oct 21, 1907, 04:23:36 UTC, 38 N, 69 E, shallow depth, magnitude 8.1. (reference #88)
Oct 21, 1907, 04:23.6 UTC, 38 N, 69 E, magnitude 8.0. (reference #130)
Oct 21, 1907, 38 N, 69 E, magnitude 8.0, in Tadzhik. (reference #1212)
Oct 21, 1907, magnitude 8.1, in Karatagh, W. Alai Range. (reference #1002)
Oct. 21, 1907, 38 N, 69 E, magnitude 8.1. (reference #1276)
Oct. 21, 1907, 38 N, 69 E, magnitude 8. (reference #1095)
Other significant earthquakes nearby
Within 200 km, the deadliest first.
- January 22, 1989, Sharora, Gissar, Tajikistan
- September 22, 1930, Dushanbe (Stalinabad), Tajikistan
- May 1, 1994, Tashiak, Termiz, Hindu Kush, Afghanistan
- July 29, 2006, Panj-Qumsangir, Tajikistan
- January 9, 2002, Roghun, Tajikistan
- November 10, 2013, Vahdat, Tajikistan
- 1799, Uzgut, Uzbekistan
- August 18, 2006, Dushanbe (Stalinabad), Tajikistan
- April 18, 1991, Badakhstan Province, Afghanistan
- February 20, 1490, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- 50, Aikhanum, Afghanistan
- February 3, 2002, Roghun, Tajikistan
- October 30, 2000, Rakhor, Afghanistan-Tajikistan
- March 22, 2023, Sughd, Tajikistan
More
Significant earthquakes of 1907The 1900sEvery quake the USGS located in 1907Recent earthquakes near hereThis day in weather history
Sources
Significant earthquakes from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI earthquake 2821.