January 19, 1501 Earthquake: Chaoyi, Shaanxi Province, China
A magnitude 7 earthquake struck Chaoyi, Shaanxi Province, China on January 19, 1501. It killed 400 people.
Map
Where it struck, with the other significant earthquakes within 200 km. Circles are sized and colored by magnitude; select one for its page.
The earthquake
- Date
- January 19, 1501
- Place
- Chaoyi, Shaanxi Province, China
- Magnitude
- 7 (Ms)
- Intensity
- 9 on the Modified Mercalli scale
- Tsunami
- None recorded
- Epicenter
- 34.800° N, 110.100° E
- Country
- China
The toll
- Deaths
- 400
- Damage
- Extreme (about $25 million or more)
- Houses destroyed
- 5,400
Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
January 19, 1501, Chaoyi, Shaanxi Province, 34.8 N, 110.1 E, magnitude 7, intensity IX.
Chaoyi: City walls and look-out turrets were toppled.
More than 5,400 government offices,storehouses,
prisons, military and civilian houses collapsed.
Holes with water flowing out occurred everywhere
at 19 places including Anchangli, 8.5 km east of the
county seat. The ground fissures were 3.5-7 m
or 13-17 m in length. At four places including
Caijiapu and Yanbai villages, water gushed forming
streams. Highland wells dried up. Over 400 people were killed (or 100 according to another report). 391 domestic animals were killed.
Puzhou Prefecture (the seat of the local government
was located at the present-day Yongji): Earth
cracked, sand with water gushed. Offices and
civilian houses as well as walls collapsed. Many
people and domestic animals were killed.
Chergcheng: Earth quaked voilently. Many people
were killed.
Baishui: Earth quaked and springs gushed. Houses
shocked and collapsed. People and domestic animals
were killed.
Dali: Earth quaked vcilently, Many people were
killed.
Qjngyang and Pingliang: Earth quaked. Ground
cracked and water gushed. Shocks also struck Hancheng,
Xi'an, Xianyang, Fuping, Lintong, Yan'an,
Tongguan, Chengcheng, Sanyuan, Huaxian, Huayin,
Qjngjian and Zhongbu (Huangling) in Shaanxi
Province; Linfen, Anyi, Ronghe and Ruicheng
in Shanxi Province; Shanxian, Luoning and Lushi,
in Henan Province; and Chongxin, Huanxian,Jingning
and Qingyang in Gansu Province.
Shocks occurred again and again from this day till
February 4.
Later, larger earthquakes occurred on July 3, 17,
26 and 27, 1501; November 27, December 6, 1901;
January 17, May 1, 1502.
(above from reference #3939)
Other significant earthquakes nearby
Within 200 km, the deadliest first.
- January 23, 1556, Shaanxi Province, China
- May 18, 1695, Linfen, Shanxi Province, China
- October 23, 1815, Shanxi Province, China
- August 10, 1487, Lintong, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
- May 15, 1568, Xian, Shaanxi Province, China
- August 25, 1291, Shaanxi Province, China
- December 13, 600, Shaanxi Province, China
- March 23, 1827, Shanxi Province, China
- April 30, 1000, Shaanxi Province, China
- January 1001, Tsin, Shaanxi Province, China
- September 12, 649, Linfen, Shaanxi Province, China
- November 7, 1789, Tongguan, Shaanxi Province, China
- October 16, 1505, Anyi, Gueheng, Shanxi Province, China
- June 30, 1642, Shanxi Province, China
- August 10, 1959, Shaanxi Province, China
More
Significant earthquakes of 1501The 1500sRecent earthquakes near hereThis day in weather history
Sources
Significant earthquakes from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI earthquake 658.