Hanna Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Elk Mtn. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 28 and the first fall freeze around September 13, a growing season of about 108 days.
- Median at 32°F
- last May 28, first September 13
- Median at 28°F
- last May 13, first September 26
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Jun 13 | Jun 5 | Jun 2 | May 31 | May 28 | May 25 | May 22 | May 18 | May 14 |
| 28°F | May 29 | May 23 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 1 |
| 24°F | May 16 | May 11 | May 9 | May 6 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 | Apr 18 |
| 20°F | May 10 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 |
| 16°F | May 2 | Apr 25 | Apr 20 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 24 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Aug 30 | Sep 4 | Sep 7 | Sep 11 | Sep 13 | Sep 16 | Sep 20 | Sep 24 | Oct 1 |
| 28°F | Sep 9 | Sep 15 | Sep 19 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 | Oct 12 |
| 24°F | Sep 21 | Sep 27 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 24 |
| 20°F | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 3 |
| 16°F | Oct 8 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 12 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 101 | 94 | 89 | 83 | 79 | 74 | 69 | 63 | 54 |
| 32°F | 129 | 122 | 117 | 112 | 108 | 103 | 98 | 93 | 85 |
| 28°F | 154 | 147 | 142 | 138 | 133 | 129 | 125 | 119 | 111 |
| 24°F | 176 | 168 | 164 | 159 | 155 | 150 | 145 | 140 | 132 |
| 20°F | 200 | 190 | 184 | 180 | 175 | 170 | 166 | 159 | 152 |
| 16°F | 220 | 211 | 204 | 199 | 194 | 189 | 184 | 178 | 169 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,026
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 144
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,272
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,322
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,535
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 905
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 436
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,251 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,099 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 977 | 0 | 2 |
| April | 756 | 0 | 11 |
| May | 503 | 0 | 78 |
| June | 200 | 16 | 276 |
| July | 51 | 78 | 493 |
| August | 80 | 45 | 430 |
| September | 282 | 5 | 202 |
| October | 631 | 0 | 40 |
| November | 954 | 0 | 4 |
| December | 1,243 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 23.7 km from Hanna. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00482995 (Elk Mtn). Public domain.