Saint Albans Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Saint Albans. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 18 and the first fall freeze around October 26, a growing season of about 189 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 30, first October 17
- Median at 32°F
- last April 18, first October 26
- Median at 28°F
- last April 4, first November 5
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 16 | May 10 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 |
| 32°F | May 6 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 2 |
| 28°F | Apr 21 | Apr 15 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 |
| 24°F | Apr 8 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 11 | Mar 3 |
| 20°F | Mar 29 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 2 | Feb 26 | Feb 18 |
| 16°F | Mar 18 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 | Mar 1 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 | Feb 9 | Feb 2 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 |
| 32°F | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 |
| 28°F | Oct 23 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 19 |
| 24°F | Nov 1 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 29 | Dec 5 |
| 20°F | Nov 11 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 2 | Dec 7 | Dec 13 | Dec 22 |
| 16°F | Nov 21 | Nov 30 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 | Dec 22 | Dec 27 | Jan 1 | Jan 10 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 188 | 182 | 176 | 171 | 167 | 163 | 159 | 153 | 146 |
| 32°F | 210 | 202 | 198 | 193 | 189 | 184 | 179 | 174 | 166 |
| 28°F | 234 | 227 | 222 | 216 | 212 | 208 | 204 | 199 | 191 |
| 24°F | 263 | 254 | 248 | 242 | 238 | 231 | 227 | 221 | 213 |
| 20°F | 293 | 285 | 278 | 271 | 265 | 259 | 253 | 247 | 238 |
| 16°F | 323 | 311 | 305 | 299 | 292 | 287 | 279 | 272 | 261 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,892
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,038
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,100
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,789
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,639
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,636
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,768
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,012 | 0 | 8 |
| February | 837 | 0 | 12 |
| March | 670 | 2 | 55 |
| April | 329 | 13 | 195 |
| May | 124 | 79 | 425 |
| June | 11 | 195 | 635 |
| July | 1 | 320 | 784 |
| August | 2 | 282 | 745 |
| September | 52 | 130 | 528 |
| October | 330 | 17 | 201 |
| November | 634 | 0 | 39 |
| December | 891 | 0 | 11 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.4 km from Saint Albans. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00467852 (Saint Albans). Public domain.