Pittman Center Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Mt Leconte. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 22 and the first fall freeze around October 1, a growing season of about 132 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 4, first September 16
- Median at 32°F
- last May 22, first October 1
- Median at 28°F
- last May 9, first October 10
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 29 | Jun 20 | Jun 14 | Jun 8 | Jun 4 | Jun 1 | May 28 | May 23 | May 16 |
| 32°F | Jun 11 | Jun 2 | May 30 | May 26 | May 22 | May 17 | May 14 | May 11 | May 7 |
| 28°F | May 26 | May 20 | May 15 | May 12 | May 9 | May 7 | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 26 |
| 24°F | May 16 | May 10 | May 6 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 15 |
| 20°F | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 4 |
| 16°F | Apr 29 | Apr 23 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 20 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Aug 23 | Sep 2 | Sep 7 | Sep 12 | Sep 16 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 27 | Oct 3 |
| 32°F | Sep 15 | Sep 20 | Sep 24 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 15 |
| 28°F | Sep 26 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 24 |
| 24°F | Oct 5 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 |
| 20°F | Oct 12 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 10 |
| 16°F | Oct 20 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 19 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 128 | 119 | 113 | 107 | 101 | 96 | 90 | 82 | 69 |
| 32°F | 153 | 146 | 141 | 136 | 132 | 126 | 121 | 115 | 105 |
| 28°F | 173 | 165 | 160 | 156 | 152 | 149 | 145 | 140 | 132 |
| 24°F | 192 | 185 | 179 | 174 | 170 | 166 | 162 | 156 | 149 |
| 20°F | 213 | 204 | 199 | 194 | 189 | 185 | 179 | 174 | 167 |
| 16°F | 235 | 226 | 219 | 214 | 210 | 205 | 200 | 193 | 183 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,301
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 2,610
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 1,631
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 841
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 289
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 38
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,224 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,054 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,006 | 0 | 1 |
| April | 722 | 0 | 15 |
| May | 518 | 0 | 60 |
| June | 306 | 0 | 159 |
| July | 219 | 1 | 248 |
| August | 244 | 0 | 224 |
| September | 374 | 0 | 110 |
| October | 631 | 0 | 24 |
| November | 894 | 0 | 1 |
| December | 1,110 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 12.3 km from Pittman Center. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00406328 (Mt Leconte). Public domain.