Harbison Canyon Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for El Capitan Dam. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 19 and the first fall freeze around December 8, a growing season of about 270 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 24, first November 19
- Median at 32°F
- last March 19, first December 8
- Median at 28°F
- last February 22, first January 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 29 | Jun 14 | May 29 | May 5 | Apr 24 | Apr 13 | Mar 31 | Mar 14 | Feb 23 |
| 32°F | Jun 1 | May 3 | Apr 14 | Mar 31 | Mar 19 | Feb 28 | Feb 19 | Jan 29 | Dec 31 |
| 28°F | Apr 20 | Mar 29 | Mar 13 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 12 | Jan 31 | Jan 14 | Dec 20 |
| 24°F | Mar 28 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 14 | Feb 4 | Jan 30 | Jan 20 | Jan 11 | Dec 27 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 16 | Oct 7 | Oct 28 | Nov 9 | Nov 19 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 13 |
| 32°F | Oct 25 | Nov 16 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 8 | Dec 14 | Dec 21 | Dec 30 | Jan 15 |
| 28°F | Nov 26 | Dec 4 | Dec 14 | Dec 26 | Jan 1 | Jan 8 | Jan 22 | Feb 5 | Feb 25 |
| 24°F | Dec 6 | Dec 31 | Jan 5 | Jan 11 | Jan 18 | Jan 26 | Feb 3 | Feb 17 | Mar 1 |
| 20°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 274 | 253 | 234 | 214 | 198 | 182 | 167 | 150 | 124 |
| 32°F | 343 | 322 | 303 | 285 | 270 | 252 | 233 | 212 | 184 |
| 28°F | 365 | 365 | 363 | 345 | 333 | 315 | 302 | 279 | 246 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 354 | 334 | 309 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 97% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 72% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 37% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 8% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 1% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 1,396
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,572
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 9,301
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 7,483
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 5,704
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 4,057
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,661
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 270 | 5 | 213 |
| February | 248 | 10 | 196 |
| March | 218 | 17 | 272 |
| April | 137 | 44 | 360 |
| May | 50 | 112 | 527 |
| June | 21 | 161 | 590 |
| July | 1 | 334 | 798 |
| August | 1 | 383 | 848 |
| September | 3 | 288 | 735 |
| October | 27 | 171 | 609 |
| November | 139 | 43 | 357 |
| December | 282 | 5 | 201 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7.4 km from Harbison Canyon. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00042709 (El Capitan Dam). Public domain.