Alert archive / Wisconsin / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2026
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 97, NWS Twin Cities, MN
NWS Twin Cities, MN issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jun 10, 2026, 6:37 PM CDT for Barron County, Polk County, Wisconsin. It was in force for 38 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- Jun 10, 2026, 6:37 PM CDT (23:37 UTC)
- Expired
- Jun 10, 2026, 7:15 PM CDT
- In force
- 38 min
- Issued by
- NWS Twin Cities, MN
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Hail
- 1.0 in
- Wind
- 60.0 mph
Counties Barron County, WI, Polk County, WI
The radar
The Minneapolis radar (KMPX), 126 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:39 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 10, 12:00 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Watch | SPC | 9 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), launched 12:00Z, 11.6 hours before the alert went out and 128 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 41 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -387 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1362 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 50 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 152 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 170 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
886
WUUS53 KMPX 102337
SVRMPX
WIC005-095-110015-
/O.NEW.KMPX.SV.W.0097.260610T2337Z-260611T0015Z/
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
637 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
The National Weather Service in the Twin Cities has issued a
* Severe Thunderstorm Warning for...
Northwestern Barron County in northwestern Wisconsin...
East Central Polk County in northwestern Wisconsin...
* Until 715 PM CDT.
* At 637 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm was located 5 miles east of
Balsam Lake, or 30 miles west of Rice Lake, moving east at 35 mph.
HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and quarter size hail.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Hail damage to vehicles is expected. Expect wind damage to
roofs, siding, and trees.
* This severe thunderstorm will be near...
Turtle Lake around 655 PM CDT.
Almena around 705 PM CDT.
Other locations impacted by the severe thunderstorm include Range,
Comstock and Cumberland Airport.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Seek shelter inside a well-built structure and stay away from
windows. This storm is capable of producing damaging winds and large
hail.
&&
LAT...LON 4552 9244 4560 9194 4536 9189 4534 9240
TIME...MOT...LOC 2337Z 261DEG 28KT 4544 9235
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.00 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
MPG3 follow-up statements
717
WWUS53 KMPX 102348
SVSMPX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
648 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
WIC005-095-110015-
/O.CON.KMPX.SV.W.0097.000000T0000Z-260611T0015Z/
Barron WI-Polk WI-
648 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 715 PM CDT FOR
NORTHWESTERN BARRON AND EAST CENTRAL POLK COUNTIES...
At 648 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm was located 6 miles northwest of
Turtle Lake, moving east at 30 mph.
HAZARD...Ping pong ball size hail and 60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...People and animals outdoors will be injured. Expect hail
damage to roofs, siding, windows, and vehicles. Expect wind
damage to roofs, siding, and trees.
This severe thunderstorm will be near...
Turtle Lake around 655 PM CDT.
Almena around 705 PM CDT.
Cumberland around 710 PM CDT.
Other locations impacted by the severe thunderstorm include Range,
Comstock and Cumberland Airport.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Seek shelter inside a well-built structure and stay away from
windows. This storm is capable of producing damaging winds and large
hail.
&&
LAT...LON 4537 9232 4554 9235 4560 9194 4536 9189
TIME...MOT...LOC 2337Z 263DEG 27KT 4543 9236
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.50 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
MPG440
WWUS53 KMPX 102353
SVSMPX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
653 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
WIC005-095-110015-
/O.CON.KMPX.SV.W.0097.000000T0000Z-260611T0015Z/
Barron WI-Polk WI-
653 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 715 PM CDT FOR
NORTHWESTERN BARRON AND EAST CENTRAL POLK COUNTIES...
At 653 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm was located near Turtle Lake,
moving east at 30 mph.
HAZARD...Ping pong ball size hail and 60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...People and animals outdoors will be injured. Expect hail
damage to roofs, siding, windows, and vehicles. Expect wind
damage to roofs, siding, and trees.
This severe thunderstorm will be near...
Turtle Lake around 655 PM CDT.
Almena around 705 PM CDT.
Cumberland around 710 PM CDT.
Other locations impacted by the severe thunderstorm include Comstock
and Cumberland Airport.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Seek shelter inside a well-built structure and stay away from
windows. This storm is capable of producing damaging winds and large
hail.
Tornadoes can develop quickly from severe thunderstorms. Seek shelter
immediately in an interior room on the lowest floor of a well-built
structure.
&&
LAT...LON 4537 9228 4555 9230 4560 9194 4536 9189
TIME...MOT...LOC 2348Z 263DEG 27KT 4544 9224
TORNADO...POSSIBLE
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.50 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
MPG873
WWUS53 KMPX 110005
SVSMPX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
705 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
WIC095-110015-
/O.CAN.KMPX.SV.W.0097.000000T0000Z-260611T0015Z/
Polk WI-
705 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR EAST CENTRAL POLK
COUNTY...
The storm which prompted the warning has moved out of the area.
Therefore, the warning has been cancelled. A Severe Thunderstorm
Warning still remains in effect for Barron County.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM CDT for a
portion of northwest Wisconsin.
&&
LAT...LON 4557 9215 4560 9194 4536 9189 4537 9216
TIME...MOT...LOC 2353Z 263DEG 27KT 4544 9219
$$
WIC005-110015-
/O.CON.KMPX.SV.W.0097.000000T0000Z-260611T0015Z/
Barron WI-
705 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 715 PM CDT FOR
NORTHWESTERN BARRON COUNTY...
At 705 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm was located near Almena, or 17
miles west of Rice Lake, moving east at 30 mph.
HAZARD...Ping pong ball size hail and 60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...People and animals outdoors will be injured. Expect hail
damage to roofs, siding, windows, and vehicles. Expect wind
damage to roofs, siding, and trees.
This severe thunderstorm will be near...
Almena and Cumberland around 710 PM CDT.
Other locations impacted by the severe thunderstorm include Comstock.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Seek shelter inside a well-built structure and stay away from
windows. This storm is capable of producing damaging winds and large
hail.
Tornadoes can develop quickly from severe thunderstorms. Seek shelter
immediately in an interior room on the lowest floor of a well-built
structure.
&&
LAT...LON 4557 9215 4560 9194 4536 9189 4537 9216
TIME...MOT...LOC 2353Z 264DEG 26KT 4544 9221
TORNADO...POSSIBLE
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.50 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
MPGWhat forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Twin Cities, MN wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jun 10, 1:48 PM CDT, 4 hours 49 minutes earlier. Its key messages:
- Severe thunderstorms this afternoon across western Wisconsin. Less certainty on the threat across eastern Minnesota, although the overall threat continues to look lower.
- Large hail & damaging wind are the main hazards with the strongest thunderstorms today. A tornado or two can not be ruled out.
- Much cooler Thursday into early next week.
Area forecast discussion, Jun 10, 1:48 PM CDT, 4 hours 49 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN 148 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026 .KEY MESSAGES... - Severe thunderstorms this afternoon across western Wisconsin. Less certainty on the threat across eastern Minnesota, although the overall threat continues to look lower. - Large hail & damaging wind are the main hazards with the strongest thunderstorms today. A tornado or two can not be ruled out. - Much cooler Thursday into early next week. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 147 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026 Thunderstorms are developing across far-southeast Minnesota & have quickly become severe as they move into western Wisconsin. The main threat area over the next 2-4 hours will be across western Wisconsin as these cells continue to move eastwards & new cells develop & intensify. Large hail (a few 2"+ hailstones possible) & damaging wind are expected to be the primary threat with the storms across western Wisconsin this afternoon. Helicity values (low-level spin) have trended lower than expected across eastern Minnesota & western Wisconsin, so the tornado threat is lower but still-non-zero. Overall, we've seen a general downtrend in our severe weather event compared to this morning & especially forecasts from the last two days. The thunderstorm complex overnight did act to reduce our instability this morning, but the main culprit is the earlier onset of thunderstorms late this morning early this afternoon - before instability really peaks this afternoon. The main trend to monitor this afternoon, & most uncertainty in the short-term forecast, will be how much cumulus development we see back behind the ongoing thunderstorms across central Minnesota. As of early afternoon, we've seen the most new cumulus development across south-central Minnesota where a few showers have been struggling to further intensify. Current mesoanalysis across the region shows mid-level lapse rates on the order of 6.5-7 C/km, which are not exactly favorable for "explosive" development despite the very rich low-level moisture & surface-based CAPE values around 2500 J/Kg. Our 18Z weather balloon will give us a better view of the atmosphere, especially capping/lapse rates aloft, & allow for abetter evaluation of the severe potential across east-central, south-central, & southeast MN through the rest of the afternoon. For now though, any threat looks to be more isolated with hail & a few wind gusts the primary threat. The ongoing severe storms across western Wisconsin will exit our area by 2-3 PM, & then we wait & see how much additional development we get into late afternoon. Latest high-resolution guidance suggests that we could see a second round of storms initiate across far- southeast Minnesota & western Wisconsin. If these storms develop, then we could see the threat for severe weather continue across western Wisconsin into early evening. Elsewhere, not expecting much more than an isolated thunderstorm through the rest of the afternoon with tonight looking quiet. Drier air moves into the region tonight into tomorrow morning, likely mitigating the threat for fog overnight although some patchy mist is possible in low-lying areas. Widespread rain showers look likely Thursday as we end up in the deformation region northwest of the surface low, which will help keep our temperatures much cooler in the low 70s. A much cooler Canadian airmass then moves into the region behind todays cold front & lingers through the weekend. Ensemble guidance shows temperature anomalies near 10 degrees below normal over the weekend & into early next week, meaning we'll see much more comfortable highs in the low to mid 70s & lows in the 40s & 50s. A few chances for precipitation are possible but little or now chance for heavy rain or strong thunderstorms. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z FRIDAY/... Issued at 123 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026 Showers and thunderstorms have developed across southern Minnesota and western Wisconsin. Further west, additional thunderstorm development is possible, but there is a high amount of uncertainty. Have added a PROB30 for TSRA at KSTC and adjusted timing of the PROB30 at KMSP. Will likely need a handful of AMDs through this afternoon when/if storms start to fire. Winds will briefly go westerly this evening with some gusts around 20kts before returning to the south/southwest at 10kts or less. KMSP...Watching storms trying to develop near KMKT. As mentioned above, the uncertainty in this forecast is high due to the scattered nature of these storms and if storms initialize across western Minnesota in the next few hours. We have just sent up a special balloon to help give us a better idea of our environment as we head into mid afternoon. Storm chances decrease quickly after 00-02z, with winds going light and variable. Tomorrow, showers return by late morning with southerly/southwesterly winds around 10kts. /OUTLOOK FOR KMSP/ FRI...VFR. Wind W 15G30kts. SAT...VFR. Wind NW 5-10kts. SUN...VFR. Wind NW 10-15kts. && .MPX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MN...None. WI...None. && DISCUSSION...ETA AVIATION...Dye
Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 10, 3:01 PM CDT, 3 hours 36 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN 301 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026 MNZ051>053-059>063-068>070-076>078-084-085-093-WIZ014>016-023>028- 112015- Sherburne-Isanti-Chisago-Wright-Hennepin-Anoka-Ramsey-Washington- Carver-Scott-Dakota-Le Sueur-Rice-Goodhue-Waseca-Steele-Freeborn- Polk-Barron-Rusk-St. Croix-Pierce-Dunn-Pepin-Chippewa-Eau Claire- 301 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of central Minnesota...east central Minnesota...south central Minnesota... southeast Minnesota...northwest Wisconsin and west central Wisconsin. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Severe thunderstorms are possible primarily along and east of the I-35 corridor. Severe thunderstorms will have the potential to produce large hail, damaging winds, and tornadoes. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SKYWARN spotter activation will likely be needed. MNZ041>045-047>050-054>058-064>067-073>075-082-083-091-092-112015- Douglas-Todd-Morrison-Mille Lacs-Kanabec-Stevens-Pope-Stearns- Benton-Lac Qui Parle-Swift-Chippewa-Kandiyohi-Meeker- Yellow Medicine-Renville-McLeod-Sibley-Redwood-Brown-Nicollet- Watonwan-Blue Earth-Martin-Faribault- 301 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of central Minnesota...east central Minnesota...south central Minnesota... southwest Minnesota and west central Minnesota. .DAY ONE...Tonight. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SKYWARN spotter activation will likely be needed.
In the hours before
Local storm report, Jun 10, 6:16 PM CDT, 21 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
616 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0545 PM Funnel Cloud 1 ESE Sobieski 45.92N 94.46W
06/10/2026 Morrison MN Public
Photo report via X of funnel cloud south of
Sobieski.
&&
BED/EMCLocal storm report, Jun 10, 6:22 PM CDT, 15 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
622 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0612 PM Hail 1 SSE Taylors Falls 45.40N 92.66W
06/10/2026 M1.00 Inch Chisago MN Amateur Radio
&&
BED/EMCSpecial weather statement, Jun 10, 6:23 PM CDT, 14 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
623 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
MNZ053-063-WIZ014-110030-
Chisago MN-Washington MN-Polk WI-
623 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT SOUTHEASTERN CHISAGO...
NORTHEASTERN WASHINGTON AND CENTRAL POLK COUNTIES UNTIL 730 PM CDT...
At 623 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Scandia, moving northeast at 30 mph.
HAZARD...Wind gusts up to 40 mph and penny size hail.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
unsecured objects. Minor damage to outdoor objects is
possible.
Locations impacted include...
Chisago City, Scandia, Otisville, Lindstrom, Center City, Osceola
Airport, Shafer, Osceola, Taylors Falls, Dresser, Nye, St. Croix
Falls, Centuria, Balsam Lake, Milltown, Luck, Range and Straight
Lake Wilderness State Park.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Monitor the weather situation closely and be alert for threatening
weather conditions.
&&
LAT...LON 4530 9293 4532 9296 4566 9240 4540 9217
4522 9285
TIME...MOT...LOC 2323Z 235DEG 24KT 4528 9283
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.75 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH
MPGLocal storm report, Jun 10, 6:25 PM CDT, 12 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
625 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0555 PM Hail Lindstrom 45.39N 92.84W
06/10/2026 M1.25 Inch Chisago MN Public
Photo report via Facebook.
&&
BED/EMCLocal storm report, Jun 10, 6:26 PM CDT, 11 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
626 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0616 PM Hail St. Croix Falls 45.41N 92.64W
06/10/2026 M0.88 Inch Polk WI Public
&&
BED/EMCSpecial weather statement, Jun 10, 6:32 PM CDT, 5 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
632 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
MNZ044-110015-
Mille Lacs MN-
632 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT NORTHERN MILLE LACS COUNTY UNTIL
715 PM CDT...
At 632 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Onamia, moving east at 25 mph.
HAZARD...Wind gusts up to 40 mph and penny size hail.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
unsecured objects. Minor damage to outdoor objects is
possible.
Locations impacted include...
Rum River State Forest, Mille Lacs Kathio State Park, Onamia,
Bayview, Wahkon, Father Hennepin State Park and Isle.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Monitor the weather situation closely and be alert for threatening
weather conditions.
&&
LAT...LON 4611 9377 4618 9343 4598 9343 4598 9352
4599 9373
TIME...MOT...LOC 2332Z 260DEG 21KT 4603 9368
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.75 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH
MPGThe office that day
Everything else NWS Twin Cities, MN issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 10, 3:19 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Polk, Saint Croix | 41 min |
| Jun 10, 3:25 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | MPX | Dunn, Pepin, Pierce, Saint Croix | 65 min |
| Jun 10, 3:52 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | MPX | Polk | 53 min |
| Jun 10, 4:21 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | MPX | Barron, Chippewa, Eau Claire, Rusk | 84 min |
| Jun 10, 4:36 AM CDT | Special Weather Statement | MPX | Dunn, Pepin | 54 min |
| Jun 10, 5:22 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Eau Claire | 38 min |
| Jun 10, 5:51 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Eau Claire | 39 min |
| Jun 10, 11:51 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Pepin, Pierce | 54 min |
| Jun 10, 12:24 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Dunn, Pepin, Pierce | 66 min |
| Jun 10, 1:01 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Chippewa, Dunn, Eau Claire | 44 min |
| Jun 10, 1:29 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Chippewa, Eau Claire | 61 min |
| Jun 10, 4:26 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Dunn | 49 min |
| Jun 10, 4:37 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | MPX | Pepin | 53 min |
| Jun 10, 5:52 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | MPX | Eau Claire | 53 min |
| Jun 10, 6:23 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | MPX | Polk | 67 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Wisconsin, 2026Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2026
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.