Alert archive / Indiana / Tornado Watches in 2025

Tornado Watch 643

December 28, 20254 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Dec 28, 2025, 2:47 PM CST for 4 states. It was in force for 6 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Dec 28, 2025, 2:47 PM CST (20:47 UTC)
Expired
Dec 28, 2025, 8:31 PM CST
In force
6 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1 in
Strongest gust expected
65 kt
All 128 counties

Alexander County, IL, Bond County, IL, Champaign County, IL, Christian County, IL, Clark County, IL, Clay County, IL, Clinton County, IL, Coles County, IL, Crawford County, IL, Cumberland County, IL, DeWitt County, IL, Douglas County, IL, Edgar County, IL, Edwards County, IL, Effingham County, IL, Fayette County, IL, Ford County, IL, Franklin County, IL, Gallatin County, IL, Hamilton County, IL, Hardin County, IL, Iroquois County, IL, Jackson County, IL, Jasper County, IL, Jefferson County, IL, Johnson County, IL, Kankakee County, IL, Lawrence County, IL, Livingston County, IL, Macon County, IL, Marion County, IL, Massac County, IL, McLean County, IL, Montgomery County, IL, Moultrie County, IL, Perry County, IL, Piatt County, IL, Pope County, IL, Pulaski County, IL, Randolph County, IL, Richland County, IL, Saline County, IL, Shelby County, IL, Union County, IL, Vermilion County, IL, Wabash County, IL, Washington County, IL, Wayne County, IL, White County, IL, Williamson County, IL, Bartholomew County, IN, Benton County, IN, Boone County, IN, Brown County, IN, Carroll County, IN, Cass County, IN, Clay County, IN, Clinton County, IN, Daviess County, IN, Decatur County, IN, Delaware County, IN, Dubois County, IN, Fountain County, IN, Fulton County, IN, Gibson County, IN, Grant County, IN, Greene County, IN, Hamilton County, IN, Hancock County, IN, Hendricks County, IN, Henry County, IN, Howard County, IN, Huntington County, IN, Jackson County, IN, Jasper County, IN, Jennings County, IN, Johnson County, IN, Knox County, IN, Kosciusko County, IN, Lawrence County, IN, Madison County, IN, Marion County, IN, Marshall County, IN, Martin County, IN, Miami County, IN, Monroe County, IN, Montgomery County, IN, Morgan County, IN, Newton County, IN, Orange County, IN, Owen County, IN, Parke County, IN, Pike County, IN, Posey County, IN, Pulaski County, IN, Putnam County, IN, Randolph County, IN, Rush County, IN, Shelby County, IN, Spencer County, IN, Starke County, IN, Sullivan County, IN, Tippecanoe County, IN, Tipton County, IN, Vanderburgh County, IN, Vermillion County, IN, Vigo County, IN, Wabash County, IN, Warren County, IN, Warrick County, IN, White County, IN, Whitley County, IN, Ballard County, KY, Caldwell County, KY, Crittenden County, KY, Daviess County, KY, Henderson County, KY, Hopkins County, KY, Livingston County, KY, Lyon County, KY, McCracken County, KY, McLean County, KY, Union County, KY, Webster County, KY, Bollinger County, MO, Cape Girardeau County, MO, Perry County, MO, Scott County, MO

The radar

The Indianapolis radar (KIND), 113 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:46 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
40%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
60%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
10%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

78 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 28, 2:49 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLOTLivingston41 min
Dec 28, 2:55 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXDeWitt, McLean, Piatt35 min
Dec 28, 2:59 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXMcLean16 min
Dec 28, 3:02 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXChristian, DeWitt, Macon, Piatt43 min
Dec 28, 3:03 PM CSTTornado WarningILXMacon27 min
Dec 28, 3:11 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXChristian, Macon, Moultrie, Piatt, Shelby34 min
Dec 28, 3:11 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLOTFord, Iroquois34 min
Dec 28, 3:25 PM CSTTornado WarningLOTFord, Iroquois20 min
Dec 28, 3:26 PM CSTTornado Warning Tornado observedILXMacon, Piatt21 min
Dec 28, 3:33 PM CSTTornado WarningLOTIroquois, Kankakee27 min
Dec 28, 3:42 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLOTFord, Iroquois33 min
Dec 28, 3:45 PM CSTTornado WarningILXPiatt7 min
Dec 28, 3:49 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXDouglas, Moultrie26 min
Dec 28, 3:57 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXColes, Cumberland, Moultrie, Shelby48 min
Dec 28, 3:58 PM CSTTornado Warning Tornado observedLOTIroquois, Kankakee32 min
Dec 28, 4:06 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXFayette, Marion17 min
Dec 28, 4:12 PM CSTTornado WarningLOTIroquois48 min
Dec 28, 4:13 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXChampaign, Coles, Douglas, Edgar, Vermilion32 min
Dec 28, 4:15 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXVermilion30 min
Dec 28, 4:18 PM CSTTornado WarningLOTJasper27 min
Dec 28, 4:20 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDFountain, Vermillion, Warren40 min
Dec 28, 4:23 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXChampaign, Vermilion37 min
Dec 28, 4:27 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXFayette, Marion21 min
Dec 28, 4:27 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningIWXFulton, Marshall, Pulaski, Starke, White63 min
Dec 28, 4:40 PM CSTTornado WarningIWXPulaski, White35 min
Dec 28, 4:41 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHPerry49 min
Dec 28, 4:42 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXClay, Effingham, Jasper48 min
Dec 28, 4:45 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXColes, Edgar, Vermilion30 min
Dec 28, 4:45 PM CSTTornado WarningLOTJasper12 min
Dec 28, 4:48 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDFountain, Montgomery, Parke, Vermillion42 min
Dec 28, 4:50 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHJackson, Union40 min
Dec 28, 4:50 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHJefferson, Wayne40 min
Dec 28, 4:58 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDCarroll, Clinton, Fountain, Montgomery, Tippecanoe, Vermillion and 1 more47 min
Dec 28, 5:00 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXClark, Cumberland, Edgar31 min
Dec 28, 5:01 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHFranklin, Hamilton, Jackson, Jefferson, Perry44 min
Dec 28, 5:05 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDClay, Parke, Putnam, Vermillion, Vigo25 min
Dec 28, 5:06 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningIWXCass, Fulton, Miami, Pulaski, White54 min
Dec 28, 5:11 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXCrawford, Jasper34 min
Dec 28, 5:15 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHFranklin, Jackson, Williamson45 min
Dec 28, 5:17 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXClay, Lawrence, Richland43 min
Dec 28, 5:19 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningIWXFulton, Kosciusko, Marshall, Wabash56 min
Dec 28, 5:21 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHEdwards, Wabash, Wayne39 min
Dec 28, 5:22 PM CSTTornado WarningINDMontgomery, Parke, Putnam17 min
Dec 28, 5:25 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHAlexander, Union50 min
Dec 28, 5:27 PM CSTTornado WarningILXRichland18 min
Dec 28, 5:28 PM CSTTornado WarningPAHEdwards, Wabash, Wayne20 min
Dec 28, 5:29 PM CSTTornado WarningILXLawrence, Richland31 min
Dec 28, 5:30 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBoone, Clinton, Fountain, Hendricks, Montgomery, Parke and 3 more45 min
Dec 28, 5:32 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDClay, Greene, Hendricks, Knox, Owen, Parke and 3 more43 min
Dec 28, 5:35 PM CSTTornado WarningPAHEdwards, Wabash, Wayne40 min
Dec 28, 5:37 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXClark, Crawford, Jasper38 min
Dec 28, 5:38 PM CSTTornado WarningPAHEdwards, Wabash, Wayne35 min
Dec 28, 5:39 PM CSTTornado WarningILXCrawford, Jasper, Lawrence, Richland36 min
Dec 28, 5:43 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDCarroll, Clinton, Howard, Montgomery, Tippecanoe, Tipton47 min
Dec 28, 5:44 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHGallatin, Hamilton, Saline, White, Williamson46 min
Dec 28, 5:49 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXLawrence, Richland26 min
Dec 28, 5:53 PM CSTTornado WarningILXLawrence22 min
Dec 28, 5:54 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHEdwards, Wabash, Wayne, White51 min
Dec 28, 5:59 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDClay, Daviess, Greene, Knox, Monroe, Morgan and 2 more46 min
Dec 28, 6:10 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBoone, Clinton, Hamilton, Hendricks, Howard, Madison and 3 more50 min
Dec 28, 6:13 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXLawrence17 min
Dec 28, 6:14 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDClay, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Marion and 3 more46 min
Dec 28, 6:19 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHWhite21 min
Dec 28, 6:29 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHGibson, Pike, Warrick46 min
Dec 28, 6:32 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHPulaski28 min
Dec 28, 6:36 PM CSTTornado WarningINDGreene8 min
Dec 28, 6:39 PM CSTTornado WarningPAHGibson, Vanderburgh, Warrick21 min
Dec 28, 6:40 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBartholomew, Brown, Daviess, Greene, Jackson, Johnson and 6 more50 min
Dec 28, 6:50 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHMassac40 min
Dec 28, 6:51 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDDelaware, Hamilton, Hancock, Henry, Johnson, Madison and 4 more39 min
Dec 28, 7:00 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHSpencer, Vanderburgh, Warrick45 min
Dec 28, 7:00 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPAHVanderburgh34 min
Dec 28, 7:03 PM CSTTornado WarningPAHHenderson12 min
Dec 28, 7:16 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBartholomew, Brown, Decatur, Jackson, Jennings, Johnson and 5 more44 min
Dec 28, 7:20 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatPAHPope40 min
Dec 28, 7:26 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDDelaware, Hancock, Henry, Randolph, Rush, Shelby34 min
Dec 28, 7:36 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLMKCrawford, Harrison, Orange, Washington24 min
Dec 28, 7:57 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningINDBartholomew, Decatur, Jackson, Jennings, Rush33 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Lincoln, IL (KILX), launched 12:00Z, 8.8 hours before the alert went out and 128 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Lincoln, IL at 12:00Z on 2025-12-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 45 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Lincoln, IL at 12:00Z on 2025-12-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 88 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
45 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-143 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
755 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
70 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
88 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
232 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

553 
WWUS20 KWNS 282045
SEL3  
SPC WW 282045
ILZ000-INZ000-KYZ000-MOZ000-290200-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 643
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
345 PM EST Sun Dec 28 2025

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Southern and Central Illinois
  Western and Central Indiana
  Western Kentucky
  Far Southeast Missouri

* Effective this Sunday afternoon and evening from 345 PM until
  900 PM EST.

* Primary threats include...
  A couple tornadoes possible
  Scattered damaging winds likely with isolated significant gusts
    to 75 mph possible

SUMMARY...A broken line of thunderstorms will move quickly
east-northeastward this afternoon and evening while posing a threat
for scattered severe/damaging winds up to 65-75 mph and a couple of
tornadoes.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 80 statute miles
east and west of a line from 40 miles north northwest of Lafayette
IN to 5 miles southeast of Paducah KY. For a complete depiction of
the watch see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS
WOU3).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1 inch. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 65 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 400. Mean
storm motion vector 26045.

...Gleason

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 28, 7:16 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Brown, Cass, DeWitt, Ford, Fulton and 14 more119 min
Dec 28, 10:44 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKankakee2 hr
Dec 28, 1:18 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBond, Champaign, Christian, Clark, Clay, Clinton and 46 more117 min
Dec 28, 3:49 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Champaign, Clark, Clay, Coles, Crawford and 25 more86 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Indiana, 2025Tornado Watches in Illinois, 2025Tornado Watches in Kentucky, 2025Every tornado watch in 2025

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.