Severe Thunderstorm Warning 27, NWS Birmingham, AL

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Birmingham AL
926 AM CDT Thu May 9 2024

...New MESOSCALE UPDATE...

.MESOSCALE UPDATE FOR SEVERE WEATHER THROUGH MIDDAY...
Issued at 926 AM CDT THU MAY 9 2024

Heavy rain and thunderstorm activity continued to move southeast
across our northeast and north-central counties along the outflow
boundary established from earlier activity. The primary risk for
damaging straight-line winds with a small risk for a tornado and a
risk for hail with the heavier thunderstorms.

The 09/12z BMX sounding sampled an unstable environment with
surface instability over 2400 J/kg with bulk shear over 50 kts.
The environment remains favorable for organized thunderstorms that
may become severe with damaging winds, large hail and possibly a
tornado or two.

The greatest potential through midday looks to be for areas
generally east of I-65 and north of I-85 as the activity is
heavier in this area and continues to move southeast across
Eastern Alabama and into Georgia. Some re-intensification will be
possible as instability values increase with the heat of the day,
but much of this activity looks to push out of our area before mid
afternoon.

We are also watching clusters of showers and thunderstorms that
are developing further south along the U.S. Highway 80 corridor.
This activity is becoming more widespread, which is reducing the
risk of a rogue isolated storm becoming severe, but this risk will
persist with potential later development into the afternoon.

05

&&

.SHORT TERM...
(Today through Friday)
Issued at 115 AM CDT THU MAY 9 2024

Key Messages:

- A Mesoscale Convective System dives southeast into the area
  before sunrise and push southeast through the morning and into
  the afternoon hours. While gradually weakening in the morning,
  it may re-intensify before it exists our southeast counties late
  morning into the afternoon. Damaging winds will be the primary
  risk, with large hail and a few tornadoes being possible as
  well.

- Some thunderstorms may redevelop across North-Central Alabama
  late afternoon into the early evening that will have large hail
  potential, this risk will decrease in the evening as another MCS
  approaches our south-central counties from the west.

- The second MCS appears to track a touch to the north of the
  previous forecast, so the severe chances have increased across
  the southern areas. Damaging winds will be the primary
  risk, with large hail and a few tornadoes being possible as
  well.

We will be watching a MCS that is currently across western TN.
This MCS should dive southeast into the area before sunrise and
push southeast through the morning and into the afternoon hours.
While gradually weakening in the morning, it may re-intensify
before it exists our southeast counties late morning into the
afternoon. There may be a line of showers and storms that develops
as well and will merge with this first area. Highest confidence
right now would be with the MCS to or northwest moving down and
then spreading out. Damaging winds will be the primary risk, with
large hail and a few tornadoes being possible as well, especially
if there is a merge of lines. There will be a brief lull before
the next system moves in.

Conditions are shaping up for a secondary round of strong to
severe thunderstorms late tonight through Friday morning. This
activity will likely develop along the cold front which will be
nearly parallel to I-20 as a mid-level shortwave quickly moves
east across the area. The airmass will still be very warm and
unstable south of the front with dewpoints in the lower to mid 70s
and steep 7.5-8 C/km lapse rates leading to large CAPE profiles
(MLCAPE ~3500 J/kg). Shear values will be amplified by the mid-
level speedmax/shortwave which will result in eff. bulk shear
values around 60 kts. This environment will foster intense
convection to our west which will rapidly grow into a large MCS
with damaging wind potential maximized along embedded bowing
segments as the system moves east, across the southern portions
of Central Alabama early Friday morning. There are questions
regarding how far north the threat extends given the uncertain
position of the front and remnant cold pool from the line of
convection this morning/afternoon which could suppress the
greatest risk to the southern third of the area. Anything that
develops south of the cold front will have the potential to become
severe given the moist, unstable environment. Damaging winds are
by far the primary threat, but intense updrafts may lead to large
hail in the Enhanced risk area.

The cluster of storms will begin to exit the area around 7 AM Friday
morning as the cold front continues to push south through the area,
bringing a much more pleasant airmass to the region.

&&

.LONG TERM...
(Friday night through next Wednesday)
Issued at 245 AM CDT THU MAY 9 2024

Dry conditions return Friday night as the system exits to our
east. Humidity will be lower on Saturday with highs in the upper
70s to lower 80s under sunny skies. A mid-level ridge will move
across the area over the weekend as an upper-level low transitions
from the Four Corners to the Central Plains. Deep moisture
returns on Monday, with an increasing potential for another
period of rainy and stormy conditions through the early part of
next week as a warm front lifts north across the region.

16

&&

.AVIATION...
(12Z TAFS)
Issued at 702 AM CDT THU MAY 9 2024

Almost all sites have already dropped to MVFR ahead of the next
round of showers/storms. We may briefly see sites drop to IFR
before the band gets in, especially at TOI. The biggest impact
should be the storms as they move into the northern TAF sites
within the next hour or two. This round will slide south of the
northern sites by 16 to 18z and out of the southern sites by 19
to 21z. Conditions will improve to VFR for most of the rest of
the cycle, but begin to decrease at TCL by 3z ahead of the next
round of showers and storms along a cold front. Looks like the
main impact here will be between 6 and 12z.

16

&&

.FIRE WEATHER...

Multiple rounds of showers and storms are expected to affect the
area through Friday morning. Rainfall amounts will generally
range from 1 to 2 inches. A drier airmass will return on Friday as
a cold front passes through the area with min RH of 35 to 40
percent on Saturday. 20ft winds will be out of the south-
southeast at 8 to 10 kts.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
Gadsden     86  61  78  49 / 100  30  20   0
Anniston    85  64  79  52 / 100  50  30   0
Birmingham  86  64  79  54 / 100  50  20   0
Tuscaloosa  87  66  81  55 / 100  60  20   0
Calera      85  66  80  55 / 100  60  30   0
Auburn      82  69  81  57 /  90  80  50   0
Montgomery  86  69  84  57 /  90  80  50   0
Troy        86  68  83  57 /  90  80  60   0

&&

.BMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
None.
&&

SHORT TERM...05
LONG TERM....16
AVIATION...16

Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Birmingham AL
344 AM CDT Thu May 9 2024

ALZ011>015-017>050-101145-
Marion-Lamar-Fayette-Winston-Walker-Blount-Etowah-Calhoun-Cherokee-
Cleburne-Pickens-Tuscaloosa-Jefferson-Shelby-St. Clair-Talladega-
Clay-Randolph-Sumter-Greene-Hale-Perry-Bibb-Chilton-Coosa-Tallapoosa-
Chambers-Marengo-Dallas-Autauga-Lowndes-Elmore-Montgomery-Macon-
Bullock-Lee-Russell-Pike-Barbour-
344 AM CDT Thu May 9 2024

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for the counties served by the
National Weather Service office in Birmingham.

.DAY ONE...Outlook through Tonight.

Multiple rounds of showers and storms will move through Central
Alabama. The first will move through this morning into the afternoon.
The second round will move through tonight into the overnight hours
ahead of a cold front. Severe storms will be possible with threats
including damaging winds up to 60 mph, large hail, and a tornado or
two.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Friday through Wednesday.

No hazardous weather is expected at this time.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Activation of storm spotters and emergency management may be needed
through early Friday morning.

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