Alert archive / Oregon / Wind Advisories in 2023

Wind Advisory 5, NWS Medford, OR

January 10, 2023Jackson County, Klamath County, Lake County, Oregon; Modoc County, Siskiyou County, California

NWS Medford, OR issued this wind advisory at Jan 10, 2023, 1:42 PM PST for Jackson County, Klamath County, Lake County, Oregon; Modoc County, Siskiyou County, California. It took effect at Jan 11, 2023, 7:00 AM PST. It was in force for 3 days.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Jan 10, 2023, 1:42 PM PST (21:42 UTC)
In effect from
Jan 11, 2023, 7:00 AM PST
Expired
Jan 14, 2023, 4:00 PM PST
In force
3 days
Issued by
NWS Medford, OR

Counties Modoc County, CA, Siskiyou County, CA, Jackson County, OR, Klamath County, OR, Lake County, OR

The radar

The Medford radar (KMAX), 93 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:42 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Medford/Jackson, OR (KMFR), launched 12:00Z, 9.7 hours before the alert went out and 100 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Medford/Jackson, OR at 12:00Z on 2023-01-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Medford/Jackson, OR at 12:00Z on 2023-01-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 210 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1527 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
39 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
210 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
279 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

212 
WWUS76 KMFR 102142
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
142 PM PST Tue Jan 10 2023

CAZ081-ORZ026-111200-
/O.NEW.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.230111T1500Z-230112T1200Z/
Central Siskiyou County-Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
142 PM PST Tue Jan 10 2023

...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 AM WEDNESDAY TO 4 AM PST
THURSDAY...

* WHAT...Southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 55 mph 
  expected.

* WHERE...In California, the Shasta Valley from Weed to north of
  Montague. In Oregon, southeast Jackson County including the 
  southern end of the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland 
  and all surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...From 7 AM Wednesday to 4 AM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS... The strongest winds will occur Wednesday
  from 10 AM to 4 PM for both areas. However, the strong winds
  could persist in the southern end of the Rogue Valley into the 
  evening.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

ORZ021-022-111200-
/O.NEW.KMFR.HW.A.0004.230112T0300Z-230112T1500Z/
South Central Oregon Coast-Curry County Coast-
Including the cities of Brookings, Harbor, Gold Beach, 
Nesika Beach, Ophir, and Pistol River
142 PM PST Tue Jan 10 2023

...HIGH WIND WATCH IN EFFECT FROM WEDNESDAY EVENING THROUGH
THURSDAY MORNING...

* WHAT...Southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 60 mph 
  possible. 

* WHERE...Southern Oregon Coast from Cape Blanco south to 
  Brookings. This impacts parts of Highway 101.

* WHEN...From Wednesday evening through Thursday morning.

* IMPACTS...Damaging winds could blow down trees and power 
  lines. Widespread power outages are possible. Travel could be 
  difficult, especially for high profile vehicles.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The strongest winds will occur from 10 PM
  Wednesday to 4 AM Thursday.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Monitor the latest forecasts and warnings for updates on this
situation. Dangerous driving conditions are possible, especially
if operating a high profile vehicle. Downed trees and power lines
are possible. Fasten loose objects or shelter objects in a safe
location prior to the onset of winds.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
12 follow-up statements
218 
WWUS76 KMFR 111009
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
209 AM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

ORZ021-022-112300-
/O.UPG.KMFR.HW.A.0004.230112T0300Z-230112T1500Z/
/O.NEW.KMFR.HW.W.0005.230112T0300Z-230112T1500Z/
South Central Oregon Coast-Curry County Coast-
Including the cities of Harbor, Gold Beach, Nesika Beach, Ophir, 
and Pistol River
209 AM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO 7 AM PST
THURSDAY...

* WHAT...South to Southeast winds 20 to 30 mph with gusts up to 
  60 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southern Oregon Coast from Cape Blanco south to 
  Brookings. This impacts parts of Highway 101.

* WHEN...From 7 PM this evening to 7 AM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Damaging winds can blow down trees and power lines.
  Power outages are possible. Travel will be difficult, especially
  for high profile vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

CAZ081-ORZ026-112300-
/O.EXT.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.230111T1500Z-230113T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
209 AM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...WIND ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 7 AM THIS MORNING TO 4 PM PST
THURSDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 
  55 mph expected.

* WHERE...In California, the Shasta Valley from Weed to north of 
  Montague. In Oregon, southeast Jackson County including the 
  southern end of the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland 
  and all surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...From 7 AM this morning to 4 PM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS... The strongest winds will occur Wednesday
  from 10 AM to 4 PM for the Rogue Valley and from 10 AM to 4 AM
  for the Shasta Valley. In addition, an isolated spot or two in
  the Shasta Valley could see wind gusts to 65 mph, but confidence
  is not high enough for a High Wind Warning. Winds may also
  continue to be gusty into Friday.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
519 
WWUS76 KMFR 112053
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
1253 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

ORZ021-022-121200-
/O.CON.KMFR.HW.W.0005.230112T0300Z-230112T1500Z/
South Central Oregon Coast-Curry County Coast-
Including the cities of Harbor, Gold Beach, Nesika Beach, Ophir, 
and Pistol River
1253 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO
7 AM PST THURSDAY...

* WHAT...South to Southeast winds 20 to 30 mph with gusts up to 
  60 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southern Oregon Coast from Cape Blanco south to 
  Brookings. This impacts parts of Highway 101.

* WHEN...From 7 PM this evening to 7 AM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Damaging winds can blow down trees and power lines. 
  Power outages are possible. Travel will be difficult, 
  especially for high profile vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

CAZ081-ORZ026-121200-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
1253 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THURSDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 
  55 mph expected.

* WHERE...In California, the Shasta Valley from Weed to north of 
  Montague. In Oregon, southeast Jackson County including the 
  southern end of the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland 
  and all surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...Through 4 PM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS... An isolated spot or two in the Shasta 
  Valley could see wind gusts to 65 mph, but confidence is not 
  high enough for a High Wind Warning. Winds may also continue to 
  be gusty into Friday.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
003 
WWUS76 KMFR 120246
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
646 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

CAZ081-121500-
/O.UPG.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T0000Z/
/O.EXB.KMFR.HW.W.0005.230112T0246Z-230113T1800Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
646 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 AM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 30 to 40 mph with gusts up to 
  65 mph expected.

* WHERE...Central Siskiyou County, the Shasta Valley from Weed to
  north of Montague.

* WHEN...Until 10 AM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree
  limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

ORZ021-022-121500-
/O.CON.KMFR.HW.W.0005.230112T0300Z-230112T1500Z/
South Central Oregon Coast-Curry County Coast-
Including the cities of Harbor, Gold Beach, Nesika Beach, Ophir, 
and Pistol River
646 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 AM PST THURSDAY...

* WHAT...South to Southeast winds 20 to 30 mph with gusts up to 
  60 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southern Oregon Coast from Cape Blanco south to 
  Brookings. This impacts parts of Highway 101.

* WHEN...Until 7 AM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Damaging winds can blow down trees and power lines. 
  Power outages are possible. Travel will be difficult, 
  especially for high profile vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

ORZ026-121500-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T0000Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
646 PM PST Wed Jan 11 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THURSDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 
  55 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southeast Jackson County including the southern end of 
  the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland and all 
  surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree
  limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
597 
WWUS76 KMFR 121046
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
246 AM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

ORZ021-022-121500-
/O.CON.KMFR.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-230112T1500Z/
South Central Oregon Coast-Curry County Coast-
Including the cities of Harbor, Gold Beach, Nesika Beach, Ophir, 
and Pistol River
246 AM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 AM PST THIS
MORNING...

* WHAT...South to Southeast winds 20 to 30 mph with gusts up to 
  60 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southern Oregon Coast from Cape Blanco south to 
  Brookings. This impacts parts of Highway 101.

* WHEN...Until 7 AM PST Thursday.

* IMPACTS...Damaging winds can blow down trees and power lines. 
  Power outages are possible. Travel will be difficult, 
  especially for high profile vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

CAZ081-122330-
/O.CON.KMFR.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T1800Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
246 AM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 AM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 30 to 40 mph with gusts up to 
  65 mph expected.

* WHERE...Central Siskiyou County, the Shasta Valley from Weed to
  north of Montague. This includes Interstate 5.

* WHEN...Until 10 AM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

ORZ026-122330-
/O.EXT.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T1200Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
246 AM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...WIND ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 AM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 
  55 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southeast Jackson County including the southern end of 
  the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland and all 
  surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...Until 4 AM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
087 
WWUS76 KMFR 122116
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
116 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

CAZ081-131200-
/O.EXB.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
/O.EXT.KMFR.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
116 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST FRIDAY...
...HIGH WIND WARNING NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 60 mph expected
  in the southern Shasta Valley, and 20 to 25 mph with gusts up to
  45 mph in the central and northern Shasta Valley. 

* WHERE...The high wind warning is in effect for portions of the
  Shasta Valley south of Gazelle, including the city of Weed and
  portions of Interstate 5 and Highway 97. The Wind Advisory
  covers the rest of the Shasta Valley, including Grenada and
  Montague. 

* WHEN...Until 1 PM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree
  limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result.
  Driving may become difficult, especially in high profile 
  vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

ORZ026-131200-
/O.EXT.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T1500Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
116 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...WIND ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 AM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 
  55 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southeast Jackson County including the southern end of 
  the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland and all 
  surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...Until 7 AM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
985 
WWUS76 KMFR 130407
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
807 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

CAZ081-131500-
/O.CON.KMFR.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
807 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST FRIDAY...
...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 60 mph 
  expected in the southern Shasta Valley, and 20 to 25 mph with 
  gusts up to 45 mph in the central and northern Shasta Valley.

* WHERE...The high wind warning is in effect for portions of the 
  Shasta Valley south of Gazelle, including the city of Weed and 
  portions of Interstate 5 and Highway 97. The Wind Advisory 
  covers the rest of the Shasta Valley, including Grenada and 
  Montague.

* WHEN...Until 1 PM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result. Driving may become difficult, especially in high 
  profile vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

CAZ085-ORZ030-031-131500-
/O.EXB.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.230113T0900Z-230114T0000Z/
Modoc County-
Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County-
Central and Eastern Lake County-
807 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 4 PM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Southeast winds becoming south 25 to 35 mph with gusts 
  up to 55 mph expected.

* WHERE...In California, Modoc County. In Oregon, Northern and
  Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County and Central and
  Eastern Lake County. This includes Highway 31 from Valley Falls
  to Summer Lake and the higher terrain including Winter Rim and
  the Warner Mountains.

* WHEN...From 1 AM to 4 PM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

ORZ026-131500-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T1500Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
807 PM PST Thu Jan 12 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 AM PST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...South to southeast winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 
  55 mph expected.

* WHERE...Southeast Jackson County including the southern end of 
  the Rogue Valley from South Medford to Ashland and all 
  surrounding foothills.

* WHEN...Until 7 AM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
412 
WWUS76 KMFR 131502
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
702 AM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

ORZ026-131615-
/O.EXP.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T1500Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
702 AM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY WILL EXPIRE AT 7 AM PST THIS MORNING...

Winds have lowered. However, breezy to gusty winds will linger 
into late this morning.



$$

CAZ081-132100-
/O.CON.KMFR.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
702 AM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...
...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...South winds 25 to 35 mph with gusts up to 60 mph 
  expected in the southern Shasta Valley, and 20 to 25 mph with 
  gusts up to 45 mph in the central and northern Shasta Valley.

* WHERE...The high wind warning is in effect for portions of the 
  Shasta Valley south of Gazelle, including the city of Weed and 
  portions of Interstate 5 and Highway 97. The Wind Advisory 
  covers the rest of the Shasta Valley, including Grenada and 
  Montague.

* WHEN...Until 1 PM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result. Driving may become difficult, especially in high 
  profile vehicles.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

CAZ085-ORZ030-031-132315-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230114T0000Z/
Modoc County-
Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County-
Central and Eastern Lake County-
702 AM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Southeast winds becoming south 25 to 35 mph with gusts 
  up to 55 mph expected.

* WHERE...In California, Modoc County. In Oregon, Northern and 
  Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County and Central and 
  Eastern Lake County. This includes Highway 31 from Valley 
  Falls to Summer Lake and the higher terrain including Winter 
  Rim and the Warner Mountains.

* WHEN...From 1 AM to 4 PM PST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.


* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
739 
WWUS76 KMFR 132051
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
1251 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

CAZ081-141200-
/O.EXP.KMFR.HW.W.0005.000000T0000Z-230113T2100Z/
/O.EXT.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
1251 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST SATURDAY...
...HIGH WIND WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 1 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...South winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 55 mph.

* WHERE...Central Siskiyou County including I-5, Weed, Yreka and 
  Montague.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM PST Saturday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

CAZ085-ORZ030-031-140600-
/O.EXT.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230114T0600Z/
Modoc County-
Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County-
Central and Eastern Lake County-
1251 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 PM PST THIS EVENING...

* WHAT...Southeast winds becoming south 25 to 35 mph with gusts 
  up to 55 mph expected.

* WHERE...In California, Modoc County. In Oregon, Northern and 
  Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County and Central and 
  Eastern Lake County. This includes Highway 31 from Valley 
  Falls to Summer Lake and the higher terrain including Winter 
  Rim and the Warner Mountains.


* WHEN...Until 10 PM PST this evening.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
358 
WWUS76 KMFR 140602
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
1002 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

CAZ085-ORZ030-031-140715-
/O.EXP.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230114T0600Z/
Modoc County-
Northern and Eastern Klamath County and Western Lake County-
Central and Eastern Lake County-
1002 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY WILL EXPIRE AT 10 PM PST THIS EVENING...

Some breezy local winds may still exist across the higher terrain,
but but advisory level winds are no longer expected.

$$

ORZ026-150000-
/O.EXB.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.230114T1200Z-230115T0000Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
1002 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 4 AM TO 4 PM PST SATURDAY...

* WHAT...South winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 55 mph.

* WHERE...The southern end of the Rogue Valley and surrounding
  foothills. This includes Ashland, Talent, Phoenix, and south
  Medford. This also includes portions of Interstate 5 and 
  Highway 140 in the Cascade foothills.

* WHEN...From 4 AM to 4 PM PST Saturday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree
  limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

CAZ081-150000-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
Including the city of Yreka
1002 PM PST Fri Jan 13 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST SATURDAY...

* WHAT...South winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 55 mph.

* WHERE...Central Siskiyou County including I-5, Weed, Yreka and 
  Montague.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM PST Saturday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
704 
WWUS76 KMFR 141051
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
251 AM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

CAZ081-150000-
/O.NEW.KMFR.HW.W.0006.230114T1051Z-230114T1800Z/
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
Including the city of Yreka
251 AM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

...HIGH WIND WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 AM PST THIS MORNING...
...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...For the High Wind Warning, southeast winds 20 to 30 mph 
  with gusts up to 60 mph. For the Wind Advisory, south winds 20 
  to 30 mph with gusts up to 60 mph.

* WHERE...The high wind warning is in effect for portions of the 
  Shasta Valley south of Gazelle, including the city of Weed and 
  portions of Interstate 5 and Highway 97. The Wind Advisory 
  covers the rest of the Shasta Valley, including Grenada and 
  Montague.

* WHEN...For the High Wind Warning, until 10 AM PST this 
  morning. For the Wind Advisory, until 4 PM PST this afternoon.

* IMPACTS...Travel will be difficult, especially for high profile
  vehicles. Damaging winds may blow down trees and power lines. 
  Power outages are possible. 

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Strongest winds are expected during the
  morning in the southern Shasta Valley. These strong winds will
  lower in the late morning and afternoon but gusty winds will
  persist through the afternoon in the Shasta Valley.  

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

People should avoid being outside in forested areas and around
trees and branches. If possible, remain in the lower levels of
your home during the windstorm, and avoid windows. Use caution if
you must drive.

&&

$$

ORZ026-150000-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.230114T1200Z-230115T0000Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
251 AM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...South winds 15 to 30 mph with gusts 40 to 50 mph. 

* WHERE...The southern end of the Rogue Valley and surrounding 
  foothills. This includes Ashland, Talent, Phoenix, and south 
  Medford. This also includes portions of Interstate 5 and 
  Highway 140 in the Cascade foothills.

* WHEN...From 4 AM to 4 PM PST Saturday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Winds will increase during the morning 
  hours, then are expected to gradually lower in the afternoon.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
992 
WWUS76 KMFR 141758
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
958 AM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

CAZ081-150000-
/O.EXP.KMFR.HW.W.0006.000000T0000Z-230114T1800Z/
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
Including the city of Yreka
958 AM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...
...HIGH WIND WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 10 AM PST THIS MORNING...

* WHAT...South winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 50 mph.

* WHERE... The Shasta Valley, including Grenada, Weed and 
  Montague.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM PST this afternoon.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree
  limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

ORZ026-150000-
/O.CON.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
958 AM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM PST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...South winds 15 to 30 mph with gusts 40 to 50 mph.

* WHERE...The southern end of the Rogue Valley and surrounding 
  foothills. This includes Ashland, Talent, Phoenix, and south 
  Medford. This also includes portions of Interstate 5 and 
  Highway 140 in the Cascade foothills.

* WHEN...From 4 AM to 4 PM PST Saturday.

* IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. 
  Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may 
  result.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Winds will increase during the morning 
  hours, then are expected to gradually lower in the afternoon.

* View the hazard area in detail at 
  https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?wfo=mfr

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high
profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects.

&&

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford
309 
WWUS76 KMFR 142348
NPWMFR

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Medford OR
348 PM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

ORZ026-150100-
/O.EXP.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Jackson County-
Including the cities of Medford and Ashland
348 PM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

...WIND ADVISORY WILL EXPIRE AT 4 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON...

Although winds will still be breezy through the evening, the
strongest winds have largely concluded. Therefore, the wind
advisory will be allowed to expire.

$$

CAZ081-150100-
/O.EXP.KMFR.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-230115T0000Z/
Central Siskiyou County-
Including the city of Yreka
348 PM PST Sat Jan 14 2023

...WIND ADVISORY WILL EXPIRE AT 4 PM PST THIS AFTERNOON...

Although winds will still be breezy through the evening, the
strongest winds have largely concluded. Therefore, the wind
advisory will be allowed to expire.

$$

Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/Medford

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this wind advisory went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Medford, OR wrote its last area forecast discussion before this wind advisory went out at Jan 10, 8:47 AM PST, 4 hours 55 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jan 10, 8:47 AM PST, 4 hours 55 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Medford OR
847 AM PST Tue Jan 10 2023

.DISCUSSION...Despite the very busy appearance on radar very
limited amounts of precipitation has fallen in the area, except in
the Mt. Shasta region. Around Mt. Shasta, between 0.1" and 0.2"
has been observed in the area in the last six hours. Everywhere
else, less than 0.05" has fallen and that's mostly in the
Siskiyous.

Winds will also continue to ease through this afternoon from the
30+ mph wind gusts observed over the ridges and in some west side
valleys last night. The exception to this is along the Curry
coast, where south winds will continue to blow, with gusts above
30 mph along the beaches and capes.

Despite all the cloud cover and lack of steady sunlight,
temperatures will be on the warmer side today. In the west side
valleys max temperatures should run 3-5 degrees above normal for
January. East of the Cascades temperatures will be around normal.
These seasonal temperatures are thanks to a temperate airmass that
has slowly built in from all of these southerly oriented frontal
systems.

More weather systems will move through this week. The next one is
expected tonight. This will bring renewed gusty winds for the
whole region, heavy snow in NorCal and light but steady
accumulations in the Cascades and East Side. More details on this
system and the ones to follow are in the previous discussion
below.
-Miles

&&

.AVIATION...10/12Z TAFs...VFR conditions prevail across the region
early this morning, except for LIFR fog and freezing fog in western
and northern portions of the Umpqua Valley.

The next front will move northeast through the area today with gusty
southerly winds, and areas of low level wind shear through around
19Z, late this morning. It will also produce areas of mountain
obscuration and MVFR with precipitation mainly from the Siskiyou
Mountains southward across northern California. Freezing levels
around 7000 feet msl are expected to fall to 5000 feet msl tonight.
/DW

&&

.MARINE...Updated 800 AM PST Tuesday, January 10th 2023...Steep to
very steep and hazardous seas will diminish slightly this morning.
The initial portion of the Gale Watch has been upgraded to a Gale
Warning and updated for a faster approach of a frontal system.
Winds increase this afternoon then gales will begin early this
evening with seas building to a peak around midnight.

The next strong frontal system will follow closely behind. The warm
front will lift north over the area Wednesday, then the cold front
will stall just offshore late Wednesday and Thursday. This is likely
to result in strong south gales and very steep seas across the
waters early Wednesday through Thursday. Seas will peak on Thursday
night with very high and very steep seas. During Thursday afternoon
through Thursday night, a long period, heavy west swell is forecast
to build into the waters and combine with south-southwest wind seas.
This will create dangerous mixed seas. -BR-y/DW

&&

.PREV DISCUSSION... /Issued 420 AM PST Tue Jan 10 2023/

SYNOPSIS...A strong upper level low pressure system in the Gulf
of Alaska will continue to send a parade of disturbances across
the US West Coast as it meanders within the Gulf of Alaska. These
disturbances so far have provided for significant rain and
snowfall in northern California and wind in southern Oregon. This
is expected to continue our active weather streak through much of
the forecast period.

*Snowfall in northern California could lead to difficult to
 potentially dangerous travel conditions, especially above 3500
 feet today and 4000 feet on Wednesday.
*Strong winds will continue across many southern Oregon and
 northern California locations. This could lead to isolated power
 outages and trees or their limbs to fall.
*Moderate rain at the coast could continue to create isolated
 travel difficulties.

DISCUSSION...Radar is starting to show the first showers in the
next system moving northward entering Siskiyou County. With the
general south to north flow, expect terrain influences (namely,
Mt. Shasta) to enhance precipitation with the upslope flow, and
produce periods of moderate snows today. Snow amounts today will
be between 2 and 4 inches across portions of Interstate 5 near
Black Butte Summit and across portions of US 97 in California.
Higher amounts of 5 to 9 inches are possible along Highway 89 at
Snowman Summit, Highway 3 south of Callahan, and Sawyers Bar Road
near Mt. Etna. A winter weather advisory for these areas begins at
4AM, and will continue through 4pm today. This seems reasonable,
and will allow it to continue. Please see the WSWMFR for more
details.

In addition, conditions will become breezy to windy for our
north-south oriented valleys (Shasta, southern end of the Rogue
Valley) as well as for some of our higher terrain in the
Siskiyous, Cascades, and the Marble Mountains. Later this
afternoon and evening, expect conditions near the coast and the
coastal headlands to become breezy. Right now, we will continue
wind advisories for the Shasta and the southern edge of the Rogue
Valley which remain in effect through 10 AM PST. For more
information, please see the NPWMFR for more details.

In Oregon, expect cloudy skies, and temperatures a few degrees
cooler. Some light precipitation is expected across portions of
the area in the afternoon and evening, focusing mostly on terrain,
especially in the Coastal Range. Still impacts from rain will
largely be isolated in nature.

This pattern will be repeated once again as the next system
approaches Wednesday morning. Early Wednesday morning will come
with a breezy start in the southern Rogue and Shasta Valleys with
gusts reaching 30 mph. As the front approaches, the winds will
pick up along the coast and area-wide ridges. Winds along the
coast will come close to High Wind Warning Criteria and with the
Shasta and Rogue Valleys approaching Wind Advisory Criteria. We
will continue to evaluate the need for issuing wind hazard
products in the coming shifts, but with the ongoing hazards, will
hold off for now.

As far as precipitation is concerned, the Wednesday system will
bring higher precipitation amounts to southern Oregon and northern
California. snow levels will start around 4,000 feet and rise to
5,000+ feet. Before snow levels rise above 5,000 feet, impactful
snowfall amounts will be possible in parts of the Cascades and
parts of Northern California. With winter headlines out currently,
any winter hazard products will be issued on later shifts. -Schaaf

PREVIOUS LONG TERM Issued 1/9/23 and slightly
modified...Wednesday night, January 11 through Monday, January 15,
2023...A cold front will near the coast Wednesday night into
Thursday. Models and ensembles continue an upper trough deepening
offshore while an upper level ridge builds inland. As a result,
the cold front is expected to remain stalled just off the PacNW
coast. Although the newest guidance has trended the winds down a
little bit, we can still expect gusty winds over the area as a
lower level jet moves over the coast and a mid level jet moves
into the area late Wednesday into Thursday. Strong winds are
likely across the coastal waters beyond 10 nm. Moderate to strong
winds are possible along the coast and inland over the mountains
and into the Shasta and southern Rogue valleys.

With the cold front remaining offshore, expect most the
precipitation (generally light to moderate) to occur along the
coast, coastal mountains and at times, into southwest Joesphine
and western/southern Siskiyou County from Wednesday night through
Friday. Depending on the position of the front as it remains
offshore, there may be short breaks in the precipitation, even at
the coast, especially late Thursday into Friday.

The pattern becomes more progressive Friday night into Saturday, as
an upper level low and trough arrive and become positioned off the
PacNW coast. With this pattern, the front is expected to push
onshore Friday night into Saturday.  Then another low pressure
center and frontal system will track towards the area from the west
or  northwest. This system may move into northern California though,
keeping lighter precipitation over southwest Oregon and a potential
for moderate precipitation across N. California zones. However,
ensembles continue to show variable solutions with the track of this
system, so confidence is low in the details for this period.  There
is higher confidence that the ridge will break down though on
Saturday with an upper trough moving inland late Saturday. Also,
snow levels are likely to be high on Saturday, around 5000 ft or
higher, lowering to around 4000 ft Saturday night into Sunday.
Sunday into early next week, a westerly pattern aloft sets up with
additional storm systems likely to move into the area. -CC

&&

.MFR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OR...Wind Advisory until 10 AM PST this morning for ORZ026.

     High Surf Warning from 10 AM Thursday to 4 AM PST Friday for
     ORZ021-022.

CA...Winter Weather Advisory until 4 PM PST this afternoon above 3500
     feet for CAZ080>083.

     Winter Storm Watch from 4 PM PST this afternoon through
     Wednesday afternoon above 4000 feet for CAZ080-082-083.

     Wind Advisory until 10 AM PST this morning for CAZ081.

PACIFIC COASTAL WATERS...High Surf Warning from 10 AM Thursday to 4
     AM PST Friday for PZZ350-356.

     Small Craft Advisory until 4 PM PST this afternoon for PZZ350-
     356-370-376.

     Gale Warning from 4 PM this afternoon to 1 AM PST Wednesday for
     PZZ350-356-370-376.

     Gale Watch from late tonight through Thursday evening for PZZ350-
     356-370-376.

&&

The office that day

Everything else NWS Medford, OR issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jan 9, 8:03 PM PSTSmall Craft AdvisoryMFR20 hr
Jan 10, 5:16 AM PSTGale WarningMFR71 hr
Jan 10, 1:42 PM PSTHigh Wind WatchMFRCoos, Curry, Douglas12 hr
Jan 9, 5:15 PM PSTWinter Storm WatchMFRSiskiyou21 hr

Nearby

Wind Advisories in Oregon, 2023Wind Advisories in California, 2023Every wind advisory in 2023

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.