Alert archive / Rhode Island / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2023
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 49, NWS Boston/Norton, MA
NWS Boston/Norton, MA issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jul 29, 2023, 8:21 PM EDT for Bristol County, Plymouth County, Massachusetts; 5 counties in Rhode Island. It was in force for 39 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- Jul 29, 2023, 8:21 PM EDT (00:21 UTC)
- Expired
- Jul 29, 2023, 9:00 PM EDT
- In force
- 39 min
- Issued by
- NWS Boston/Norton, MA
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Hail
- 0.75 in
- Wind
- 60.0 mph
Counties Bristol County, MA, Plymouth County, MA, Bristol County, RI, Kent County, RI, Newport County, RI, Providence County, RI, Washington County, RI
The radar
The Boston radar (KBOX), 35 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 00:23 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 29, 1:33 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Watch | SPC | 7 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Brookhaven, NY (KOKX), launched 00:00Z, 0.4 hours before the alert went out and 157 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1029 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -42 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1064 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 45 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 189 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 213 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 1.1
- Supercell composite
- 8.4
The text
As transmitted.
945
WUUS51 KBOX 300021
SVRBOX
MAC005-023-RIC001-003-005-007-009-300100-
/O.NEW.KBOX.SV.W.0049.230730T0021Z-230730T0100Z/
BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
821 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
The National Weather Service in Boston/Norton has issued a
* Severe Thunderstorm Warning for...
Southwestern Plymouth County in southeastern Massachusetts...
Central Bristol County in southeastern Massachusetts...
Northeastern Washington County in Rhode Island...
Northeastern Newport County in Rhode Island...
Northern Kent County in Rhode Island...
Southern Providence County in Rhode Island...
Bristol County in Rhode Island...
* Until 900 PM EDT.
* At 821 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located near Scituate, or
near Coventry, moving east at 40 mph.
HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Expect damage to trees and power lines.
* Locations impacted include...
Providence, Fall River, Warwick, Cranston, East Providence,
Coventry, Dartmouth, West Warwick, Johnston, North Kingstown,
Bristol, Somerset, Portsmouth, Barrington, Swansea, Tiverton,
Westport, Seekonk, East Greenwich and Rehoboth.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.
Large hail and damaging winds and continuous cloud to ground
lightning is occurring with this storm. Move indoors immediately.
Lightning is one of nature's leading killers. Remember, if you can
hear thunder, you are close enough to be struck by lightning.
&&
LAT...LON 4158 7121 4164 7122 4160 7128 4171 7116
4173 7122 4160 7131 4166 7135 4164 7133
4171 7129 4176 7136 4179 7138 4165 7136
4169 7145 4163 7140 4163 7141 4172 7173
4182 7169 4180 7100 4155 7112
TIME...MOT...LOC 0021Z 273DEG 34KT 4175 7162
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...<.75 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
KP3 follow-up statements
135
WWUS51 KBOX 300032
SVSBOX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
832 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
MAC023-300042-
/O.CAN.KBOX.SV.W.0049.000000T0000Z-230730T0100Z/
Plymouth MA-
832 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR SOUTHWESTERN PLYMOUTH COUNTY
IS CANCELLED...
The severe thunderstorm which prompted the warning has moved out of
the warned area. Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
southeastern Massachusetts...and Rhode Island.
LAT...LON 4158 7121 4164 7122 4161 7127 4171 7116
4173 7122 4172 7127 4169 7125 4167 7128
4168 7129 4161 7131 4171 7129 4174 7134
4179 7138 4165 7136 4169 7145 4163 7141
4170 7159 4181 7156 4180 7103 4157 7111
TIME...MOT...LOC 0032Z 275DEG 31KT 4174 7150
$$
MAC005-RIC001-003-005-007-009-300100-
/O.CON.KBOX.SV.W.0049.000000T0000Z-230730T0100Z/
Bristol MA-Washington RI-Newport RI-Kent RI-Providence RI-Bristol RI-
832 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 900 PM EDT
FOR CENTRAL BRISTOL...NORTHEASTERN WASHINGTON...NORTHEASTERN
NEWPORT...NORTHEASTERN KENT...SOUTHEASTERN PROVIDENCE AND BRISTOL
COUNTIES...
At 832 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located over Cranston,
moving east at 35 mph.
HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Expect damage to trees and power lines.
Locations impacted include...
Providence, Fall River, Warwick, Cranston, East Providence, Coventry,
West Warwick, Johnston, North Kingstown, Bristol, Somerset,
Portsmouth, Barrington, Swansea, Tiverton, Westport, Seekonk, East
Greenwich, Rehoboth and Warren.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.
Continuous cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Move indoors immediately. Lightning is one of nature's leading
killers. Remember, if you can hear thunder, you are close enough to
be struck by lightning.
&&
LAT...LON 4158 7121 4164 7122 4161 7127 4171 7116
4173 7122 4172 7127 4169 7125 4167 7128
4168 7129 4161 7131 4171 7129 4174 7134
4179 7138 4165 7136 4169 7145 4163 7141
4170 7159 4181 7156 4180 7103 4157 7111
TIME...MOT...LOC 0032Z 275DEG 31KT 4174 7150
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...<.75 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
KP056
WWUS51 KBOX 300044
SVSBOX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
844 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
RIC009-300053-
/O.CAN.KBOX.SV.W.0049.000000T0000Z-230730T0100Z/
Washington RI-
844 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN WASHINGTON COUNTY
IS CANCELLED...
The severe thunderstorm which prompted the warning has moved out of
the warned area. Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
southeastern Massachusetts...and Rhode Island.
LAT...LON 4164 7122 4162 7126 4171 7116 4173 7122
4172 7127 4169 7125 4167 7128 4168 7129
4165 7130 4166 7130 4171 7129 4179 7138
4165 7136 4170 7147 4181 7144 4180 7103
4160 7110 4161 7121
TIME...MOT...LOC 0043Z 273DEG 34KT 4173 7135
$$
MAC005-RIC001-003-005-007-300100-
/O.CON.KBOX.SV.W.0049.000000T0000Z-230730T0100Z/
Bristol MA-Newport RI-Kent RI-Providence RI-Bristol RI-
844 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 900 PM EDT
FOR CENTRAL BRISTOL...NORTHEASTERN NEWPORT...NORTHEASTERN KENT...
SOUTHEASTERN PROVIDENCE AND BRISTOL COUNTIES...
At 843 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located over Barrington, or
near Warwick, moving east at 40 mph.
HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Expect damage to trees and power lines.
Locations impacted include...
Providence, Fall River, Warwick, Cranston, East Providence, Bristol,
Somerset, Portsmouth, Barrington, Swansea, Tiverton, Westport,
Seekonk, Rehoboth, Warren, Freetown, Dighton and Berkley.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.
Continuous cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Move indoors immediately. Lightning is one of nature's leading
killers. Remember, if you can hear thunder, you are close enough to
be struck by lightning.
&&
LAT...LON 4164 7122 4162 7126 4171 7116 4173 7122
4172 7127 4169 7125 4167 7128 4168 7129
4165 7130 4166 7130 4171 7129 4179 7138
4165 7136 4170 7147 4181 7144 4180 7103
4160 7110 4161 7121
TIME...MOT...LOC 0043Z 273DEG 34KT 4173 7135
HAIL THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...<.75 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...60 MPH
$$
KP942
WWUS51 KBOX 300100
SVSBOX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
900 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
MAC005-RIC001-003-005-007-300109-
/O.EXP.KBOX.SV.W.0049.000000T0000Z-230730T0100Z/
Bristol MA-Newport RI-Kent RI-Providence RI-Bristol RI-
900 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR CENTRAL BRISTOL...NORTHEASTERN
NEWPORT...NORTHEASTERN KENT...SOUTHEASTERN PROVIDENCE AND BRISTOL
COUNTIES WILL EXPIRE AT 900 PM EDT...
The storm which prompted the warning has moved out of the area.
Therefore, the warning will be allowed to expire.
Remember, a Severe Thunderstorm Warning still remains in effect for
Bristol County until 945PM
LAT...LON 4164 7122 4162 7126 4171 7116 4173 7122
4172 7127 4169 7125 4167 7128 4168 7129
4165 7130 4166 7130 4171 7129 4179 7138
4165 7136 4170 7147 4181 7144 4180 7103
4160 7110 4161 7121
TIME...MOT...LOC 0059Z 273DEG 34KT 4172 7118
$$
KPWhat forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Boston/Norton, MA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jul 29, 7:01 PM EDT, 1 hour 20 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Jul 29, 7:01 PM EDT, 1 hour 20 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
701 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
.SYNOPSIS...
Strong to severe thunderstorms and flash flooding remains
possible into early this evening, as a cold front slides
through. Much more comfortable airmass behind the front for
Sunday and remains in place through much of the week. A frontal
system will bring more showers and perhaps a few thunderstorms
late in the week.
&&
.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 7 AM SUNDAY MORNING/...
7 PM Update...
* Severe Thunderstorm Watch until 9 PM for all of SNE
* Some storms will produce flash flooding & damaging winds
* Heat advisory remains in effect
Storms continue to track along and ahead of frontal boundary,
moving east around 25 mph. Plenty of instability along and ahead
of the front, with SPC mesoanalysis indicating up to 1500 j/kg
of ML CAPE and up to 200 j/kg of 0-3 km CAPE. This coupled with
40-50 kt of effective bulk shear justifies severe thunderstorm
watch continuing until 9 pm. Also, with PWATs up to 2.1 inches,
the threat of flash flooding continues.
Considered dropping the heat advisory but with dew pts remaining
between 70-75, past experience with city and state emergency
managers prefer headlines remain posted until relief from post
frontal airmass arrives, as very warm nighttime temps have heat
impacts as well. FROPA still expected late this evening, except
after midnight for Cape Cod and the Islands. Behind the front,
big airmass change with dew pts falling into the 50s. Already
see this occurring upstream across northern NYS into VT/NH. Previous
forecast remains on track, thus no major changes with this
update. Earlier discussion below.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Isolated severe storms affecting the region this afternoon as
short wave energy in the WNW flow induces heights falls/forcing
for ascent across SNE. Deep layer shear is very robust with
effective bulk shear around 50kts! However, it appears
convection is not more widespread as instability is somewhat
marginal. Despite SB CAPEs up to 2000 j/kg, 100 MB mixed layer
CAPE is only 500 j/kg, suggesting instability is very shallow!
Greatest 0-3 km CAPE is farther to the north and west, with axis
up to 200 j/kg from southwest ME to central NH/VT into NYS and
PA. As this CAPE slowly advects eastward late this afternoon and
evening, combined with height falls, expect convection across
NYS to move across SNE between 22z-02z. Thus, convection should
become more widespread during that time, however strong to
severe storms probably more isolated as instability wanes with
sunset. Nonetheless, isolated severe storms with damaging winds
and flash flooding the greatest threat. Other limiting factor is
strongest forcing for ascent appears to be across central New
England, closer to the RRQ of upper level jet streak. This
stronger forcing likely stays north of SNE. Nevertheless, severe
thunderstorm watch remains in effect until 9 PM.
We will keep the heat advisory going given no relief until
FROPA/wind later this evening. Despite cloud cover and
convection limiting temps to the 80s at 4 pm, dew pts of 70-75
yielding heat indices in the low to mid 90s.
&&
.SHORT TERM /7 AM SUNDAY MORNING THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/...
415 PM Update:
Overnight...
Convection should exit Cape Cod/Nantucket around midnight
followed by FROPA/wind shift to the N-NE. Winds gusty behind the
front 15-20 mph, gusting up to 25 kts across Cape Cod and the
Islands will usher in a refreshing change in airmass, with dew
pts crashing from 70-75 this evening, falling into the 50s
overnight, except falling into the 60s Cape Cod and Islands. Low
clouds will accompany the N-NE wind shift but clearing towards
sunrise Sunday as winds become more NNW. The exception will be
Cape and Islands where low clouds will persist. Low temps by
daybreak, in the mid to upper 50s northwest of I95, 60-65
elsewhere.
Sunday...
Dramatic change in airmass with PWATs going from 2 inches today
to 0.75 to 0.50 inches Sunday! This will mix to the surface
with dew pts in the 50s. Just gorgeous weather for late July,
with mostly sunny conditions, highs 75-80, very comfortable
humidity. Gusty NNW winds 15-20 mph in the morning become and
light northwest in the afternoon. Local seabreezes possible
given the weakening pressure gradient.
Sunday night...
Dry WNW flow aloft combined with 1020 mb high over the Great
Lakes advecting eastward toward SNE, will provide dry, tranquil
weather and a touch of fall to the airmass with lows in the 50s!
Lows around 60 in the urban areas of Worcester, Hartford and
Providence, low 60s for Boston.
&&
.LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
415 PM update...
Given the expected severe weather for the afternoon, have just
updated the long term gridded database using the most recent 13z NBM
guidance. With no significant changes within the long range computer
model guidance, the discussion written by the previous shift is
still applicable.
Highlights
* A cooler and much more comfortable airmass moves in Sun. This
remains in place for much of the upcoming week.
* Spotty showers on Mon and Tue. Better shot for more widespread
showers/t-storms comes late in the week.
Sunday through Tuesday...
Stuck under cyclonic flow through this timeframe. A subtle shortwave
swings through New England on Sun. Another shortwave lifts through
by early Mon. After this shortwave lifts through we are stuck under
a broad trough through Tue. A weak high nudges in on Sun. Late on
Sun into Mon a sfc trough extends into the south coast from an area
of low pressure off the Carolinas coast. A cold front slides through
later on Mon into early Tue. High pressure starts nudging in a bit
more late on Tue.
Will be significantly cooler and less humid Sun and as we head into
the work week. Winds generally remaining out of the NNW to NW at 925
hPa. This keeps roughly 15-20 degree C temps at that same level
through this period. The end result will be high temps topping out
in the mid 70s to the mid 80s. Dew points will be lowering into the
50s for most through much of this period. The only exception is
across the immediate south coast and perhaps portions of the eastern
coastline where low/mid 60 dew points linger into late Mon.
Despite the shortwave lifting through on Sun am thinking that we
should remain dry. Will have a mid level ridge building across the
eastern Great Lakes/Upstate NY and with drier WNW/NW flow along with
lowering PWATs it could be difficult to get any shower activity.
Will have better chances of spotty to perhaps scattered shower
activity during the Mon/Tue timeframe. Did bump up precip chances
late Sun into early Mon. Appears that we will have a weak
trough/boundary in place across the south coast. This in combination
with an upper trough digging in from the Great Lakes could generate
isolated shower activity, especially given the low/mid 60 degree dew
points still in place. May be lacking the deeper moisture though
with PWATs around 1 inch. Better chances for showers later on Mon
especially as a cold front slides into/through the region. Will also
see 500 hPa temps cool to roughly -15 to -20 degrees C, which is
quite anomalous for this time of year. Both the NAEFS and EPS
guidance SATA tables show this being roughly 2-3 STD below model
climo, which continues into Tue. This in combination with diurnal
heating should lead to isolated/scattered showers on Mon, with the
best shots across the interior. Similar set up on Tue, but think
the focus will be more along mesoscale boundaries, such as the sea
breeze. Despite these chances think overall it will be dry for most
and a washout is most definitely not anticipated.
Wednesday and Thursday...
Broad cyclonic flow/trough lifts offshore on Wed and a ridge axis
builds into the central/eastern Great Lakes. The ridge builds
overhead on Thu and begins to shift to our NE by late in the day,
while another trough digs into the Ontario/Great Lakes region. High
pressure builds overhead on Wed and moves offshore Wed into Thu. A
frontal system begins sliding into the eastern Great Lakes on Thu.
Dry and quiet weather expected through the vast majority of this
period. Did dial back the precip chances on Thu given the latest
suite of guidance has us dry, which was not captured well by the
NBM. Suspect we will need to continue to dial back those precip
chances on Thu. Did lower temps Tue night into Wed toward the 20th
percentile of guidance as am anticipating strong radiational
cooling. Will feel much cooler with lows generally in the 50s, but
there will be a few spots across NW MA that are in the upper 40s!
High temps on Wed will generally be in the 70s.
Should start to see the temps/dew points climbing on Thu as we get
into more southerly flow ahead of our next system. Anticipate that
925 hPa temps will be in the 15-20 degree range, so highs should
solidly be in the mid 70s to mid 80s. Dew points will begin climbing
into the upper 50s to lower 60s.
Late Thursday through Friday Night...
Still seeing significant timing and intensity differences with the
trough swinging through late in the week. This feature will bring us
our next opportunity for more widespread showers and perhaps some t-
storms as a frontal system moves through.
Given the spread amongst guidance have just stuck with the NBM at
this point. Quite difficult to pin point the specifics with regards
to severe weather this far out. We do have increasing deep layer
shear and forcing, but the mitigating factor may be the instability
that we realize. At this moment ensembles prog a roughly 30-50
percent chance of CAPE AOA 500 J/kg and low probs of CAPE AOA 1000
J/kg. Will just have to see how things evolve as the week
progresses, but given these probs have just an isolated mention of
thunderstorms at this point.
&&
.AVIATION /00Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
Forecast Confidence Levels:
Low - less than 30 percent.
Moderate - 30 to 60 percent.
High - greater than 60 percent.
23z update...
* Strong to severe thunderstorms possible until 01z
No major changes from previous TAFs. Storms across central MA
into northwest CT moving east about 25 kts, will exits Cape Cod
and Islands 03z-04z. This will be accompanied by an abrupt wind
shift to the NNE 15-25 kt. Earlier discussion below.
------------------------------------------------------------------
After 00z...high confidence on trends, lower on exact timing and
details.
Storms at 00z mainly confined to CT/RI and southeast MA, then
finally exiting offshore after 03z/04z with improving
conditions. Behind the storms winds shift from SW to north and
become gusty, up to 20 kt or so. MVFR conditions behind the
front with the wind shift to the north, but dry weather
expected.
Sunday...high confidence.
MVFR possible early with north wind, but as wind becomes NNW
trend will be for VFR.
Sunday night...high confidence.
KBOS TAF...Moderate confidence on trends, lower on exact timing
and details. Scattered thunderstorms until about 02z. The
strongest storms will have the potential for wind gusts greater
than 50 kt and flash flooding. MVFR conditions in these storms.
Otherwise, VFR with E-SE winds. Storms move offshore after 02z,
but then a wind shift to the N-NE will result in MVFR cigs. Then
around 09z, wind shift to the N-NW should result in trends
toward VFR.
KBDL TAF...Moderate confidence on trends, lower on exact timing
and details. Scattered thunderstorms until about 00z. The
strongest storms will have the potential for wind gusts greater
than 50 kt and flash flooding. MVFR conditions in these storms.
Otherwise, VFR with light S-SW winds. Storms exit after 00z,
with a wind shift to the north and gusty. MVFR cigs likely
accompany this wind shift, and then toward 09z winds shift to
NNW along with VFR.
Outlook /Monday through Thursday/...
Monday through Tuesday: VFR. Slight chance SHRA.
Tuesday Night through Wednesday: VFR.
&&
.MARINE...
Forecaster Confidence Levels:
Low - less than 30 percent.
Medium - 30 to 60 percent.
High - greater than 60 percent.
415 PM update...
* SCA for gusty NNE winds later this evening and overnight
This evening...
Scattered thunderstorms this evening with a few strong to severe
storms. Strongest storms may have wind gusts of 50+ kts and very
heavy rainfall. Otherwise, SW winds 15-20 kt, gusting up to 25
kt at times.
Overnight...
Cold front moves across the waters with a wind shift to NNE
15-20 kt, gusting up to 25 kt at times. Thus, SCA has been
posted for these post frontal winds.
Sunday...
NNE winds 15-20 kt in the morning, becoming NW and diminishing
in the afternoon. Great vsby to the horizon along with dry
weather.
Sunday night...
1020 mb high pressure over the Great Lakes yields light winds
across the waters, along with good vsby and dry weather.
Outlook /Monday through Thursday/...
Saturday: Winds less than 25 kt. Areas of seas approaching
5 ft. Slight chance of rain showers, isolated thunderstorms.
Saturday Night: Low risk for Small Craft Advisory winds with
gusts up to 30 kt. Areas of seas approaching 5 ft. Scattered
rain showers, isolated thunderstorms, patchy fog.
Sunday: Winds less than 25 kt. Seas locally approaching 5 ft.
Sunday Night: Winds less than 25 kt.
Monday through Tuesday Night: Winds less than 25 kt. Slight
chance of rain showers.
Wednesday: Winds less than 25 kt.
&&
.BOX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
CT...Flood Watch until 11 PM EDT this evening for CTZ002>004.
Heat Advisory until 8 PM EDT this evening for CTZ002>004.
MA...Flood Watch until 11 PM EDT this evening for MAZ002>018-020-
021-026.
Heat Advisory until 8 PM EDT this evening for MAZ005-010>021.
RI...Flood Watch until 11 PM EDT this evening for RIZ001>005-007.
Heat Advisory until 8 PM EDT this evening for RIZ001>007.
MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 8 AM EDT Sunday for ANZ230>235-237-
250-251-254.
Small Craft Advisory until 8 AM EDT Sunday for ANZ255-256.
&&
SYNOPSIS...Nocera/Nash
NEAR TERM...Nocera
SHORT TERM...Nocera
LONG TERM...BL/Nash
AVIATION...Nocera/BL/Nash
MARINE...Nocera/BL/NashHazardous weather outlook, Jul 29, 4:08 PM EDT, 4 hours 13 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA 408 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 MAZ002>004-006>009-026-302015- Western Franklin MA-Eastern Franklin MA-Northern Worcester MA- Western Essex MA-Eastern Essex MA-Western Hampshire MA- Western Hampden MA-Northern Middlesex MA- 409 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT FROM 11 AM EDT THIS MORNING THROUGH THIS EVENING... ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 568 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for central Massachusetts, eastern Massachusetts, northeastern Massachusetts and western Massachusetts. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Flood Watch. Severe Thunderstorm Watch. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Sunday through Friday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. CTZ002>004-MAZ005-010>018-020-021-RIZ001>005-007-302015- Hartford CT-Tolland CT-Windham CT-Central Middlesex MA- Eastern Hampshire MA-Eastern Hampden MA-Southern Worcester MA- Western Norfolk MA-Southeast Middlesex MA-Suffolk MA- Eastern Norfolk MA-Northern Bristol MA-Western Plymouth MA- Southern Bristol MA-Southern Plymouth MA-Northwest Providence RI- Southeast Providence RI-Western Kent RI-Eastern Kent RI-Bristol RI- Newport RI- 409 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT FROM 11 AM EDT THIS MORNING THROUGH THIS EVENING... ...HEAT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING... ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 568 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northern Connecticut, central Massachusetts, eastern Massachusetts, southeastern Massachusetts, western Massachusetts, northern Rhode Island and southern Rhode Island. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Flood Watch. Heat Advisory. Severe Thunderstorm Watch. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Sunday through Friday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. MAZ019-RIZ006-302015- Eastern Plymouth MA-Washington RI- 409 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...HEAT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EDT THIS EVENING... ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 568 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for southeastern Massachusetts and southern Rhode Island. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Heat Advisory. Severe Thunderstorm Watch. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Sunday through Friday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. MAZ022>024-RIZ008-302015- Barnstable MA-Dukes MA-Nantucket MA-Block Island RI- 409 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 568 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for southeastern Massachusetts and southern Rhode Island. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Severe Thunderstorm Watch. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Sunday through Friday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. ANZ250-254>256-302015- Coastal waters east of Ipswich Bay and the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary- Coastal waters from Provincetown MA to Chatham MA to Nantucket MA out 20 nm- Coastal Waters extending out to 25 nm South of Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket- Coastal Waters from Montauk NY to Marthas Vineyard extending out to 20 nm South of Block Island- 409 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for Massachusetts coastal waters and Rhode Island coastal waters. .DAY ONE...Tonight. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Sunday through Friday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. ANZ230>237-251-302015- Boston Harbor-Cape Cod Bay-Nantucket Sound-Vineyard Sound- Buzzards Bay-Rhode Island Sound-Narragansett Bay-Block Island Sound- Massachusetts Bay and Ipswich Bay- 409 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 568 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for Massachusetts coastal waters and Rhode Island coastal waters. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Severe Thunderstorm Watch. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Sunday through Friday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. For more information on upcoming hazardous weather, please see the Area Forecast Discussion on our webpage for the latest forecast thinking. There is also our Enhanced Hazardous Weather Outlook at www.weather.gov/box/ehwo For the latest updates...please visit our webpage at www.weather.gov/boston You can follow us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/NWSBoston You can follow us on Twitter at @NWSBoston
In the hours before
Local storm report, Jul 29, 5:51 PM EDT, 2 hours 30 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report...Summary
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
551 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0524 AM Tstm Wnd Gst 2 N Block Island 41.19N 71.59W
07/29/2023 M62 MPH Washington RI Mesonet
WeatherFlow station XBLK Block Island Jetty.
0535 AM Tstm Wnd Gst 5 SSW Narragansett 41.36N 71.50W
07/29/2023 M45 MPH ANZ237 RI Mesonet
WeatherFlow station XJUD Point Judith.
0140 PM Flood 1 SW Newton 42.32N 71.22W
07/29/2023 Middlesex MA Law Enforcement
Relayed by amateur radio. Route 9 eastbound
at Lucille Place flooded with manhole covers
popped in the area.
0150 PM Flood 1 SSE Brighton 42.34N 71.14W
07/29/2023 Suffolk MA Law Enforcement
Relayed by amateur radio. Beacon street at
Warwick road flooded to the point where DPW
assistance was requested. Several flooded
basements in buildings along Beacon street.
0202 PM Flood 2 SE Boston 42.30N 71.05W
07/29/2023 Suffolk MA Law Enforcement
Relayed by amateur radio. I93 northbound in
the area of exit 13A flooded to the point
where Mass DOT assistance was requested.
0206 PM Flood 1 NE Wellesley 42.31N 71.27W
07/29/2023 Norfolk MA Law Enforcement
Relayed by amateur radio. Area near the 300
block of Washington street completely
flooded over the sidewalk and into a
business parking lot. DPW assistance was
requested.
0223 PM Flood 2 NW Quincy 42.28N 71.03W
07/29/2023 Norfolk MA Law Enforcement
Relayed by amateur radio. DPW assistance
requested for flooding on Enterprise drive
at Newport Extension Avenue.
0228 PM Flood 2 NW Quincy 42.29N 71.03W
07/29/2023 Norfolk MA Law Enforcement
Relayed by amateur radio. Quincy shore drive
at Bay state road closed due to flooding.
0229 PM Flood 1 WNW Quincy 42.27N 71.02W
07/29/2023 Norfolk MA Amateur Radio
2 feet deep flooding on Brook street at low
points intersecting Fayette street, Safford
Street, and Taylor street. One car with
water to bottom of the doors.
0230 PM Tstm Wnd Gst Weymouth 42.21N 70.95W
07/29/2023 M52 MPH Norfolk MA Mesonet
0235 PM Tstm Wnd Dmg Cohasset 42.23N 70.80W
07/29/2023 Plymouth MA Law Enforcement
In Cohasset, a large tree limb and wires
were down on Beechwood Street. Report
relayed by amateur radio.
0235 PM Tstm Wnd Dmg 2 WNW Scituate 42.20N 70.77W
07/29/2023 Plymouth MA Law Enforcement
In Scituate, large branches were down on
Route 3A in front of the DPW. Report relayed
by amateur radio.
0240 PM Tstm Wnd Gst Hingham 42.24N 70.89W
07/29/2023 M45 MPH Plymouth MA Mesonet
0516 PM Flood 1 SSE Brookline 42.32N 71.12W
07/29/2023 Suffolk MA Amateur Radio
In Brookline, an amateur radio operator
reported water coming up through manhole
covers at the intersection of Jamaicaway and
Castleton Street.
0520 PM Flood 1 NNW West Roxbury 42.30N 71.18W
07/29/2023 Middlesex MA Fire Dept/Rescue
In Newton, Redwood Road at Clifton Road was
flooded to the point where DPW assistance
was requested. Report relayed by amateur
radio.
0532 PM Flood 1 SSW Boston Esplanade 42.34N 71.07W
07/29/2023 Suffolk MA Law Enforcement
In the Jamaica Plain section of Boston,
police reported significant flooding with
minor road damage on the 1500 block of
Washington Street. Report relayed by amateur
radio.
0535 PM Flood 1 ESE Brookline 42.32N 71.10W
07/29/2023 Suffolk MA Law Enforcement
In the Jamaica Plain section of Boston,
police reported cars stuck in street
flooding on Columbus Avenue at Center
Street. Report relayed by amateur radio.
0542 PM Flood 1 WNW Boston 42.32N 71.09W
07/29/2023 Suffolk MA Fire Dept/Rescue
In Boston, the Fire Department reported 4
feet of street flooding on Valentine Street
at Washington Street. Report relayed by
amateur radio.
&&Special weather statement, Jul 29, 6:07 PM EDT, 2 hours 14 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
607 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
MAZ003>005-008>012-026-292300-
Northwest Middlesex County MA-Western Hampshire MA-
Southern Worcester MA-Western Hampden MA-Central Middlesex County MA-
Eastern Hampden MA-Northern Worcester MA-Eastern Franklin MA-
Eastern Hampshire MA-
607 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS CROSSING SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND...
At 605 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms in
western Massachusetts along a line extending from Royalston to near
Amherst to near Tolland. Movement was east at 35 mph.
HAZARD...Winds in excess of 40 mph.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Strong winds could cause minor damage such as downed
branches.
Strong thunderstorms will be near...
Chicopee, Westfield, Holyoke, Amherst, Northampton, West
Springfield, South Hadley, Easthampton, Belchertown and Athol
around 610 PM EDT.
Springfield, Fitchburg, Wilbraham, Palmer, Westminster,
West Brookfield, Ashby, Oakham and New Braintree around 625 PM EDT.
Pepperell, Leicester, Groton, West Boylston, Shirley and
East Brookfield around 645 PM EDT.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Get indoors when you hear thunder. Do not resume outdoor activities
until at least 30 minutes after the storm has passed.
Do not drive through flooded roads or underpasses. Avoid low lying
areas near small streams.
These storms may intensify and become severe. Stay tuned to your
local media for updates and possible warnings.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
western, central and northeastern Massachusetts.
&&
LAT...LON 4215 7307 4214 7304 4217 7303 4234 7258
4272 7223 4269 7144 4227 7184 4204 7243
4210 7307
TIME...MOT...LOC 2205Z 277DEG 30KT 4268 7217 4233 7248 4214 7299
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH
JWDSpecial weather statement, Jul 29, 6:22 PM EDT, 1 hour 59 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
622 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
MAZ005>007-014-015-292300-
Eastern Essex MA-Suffolk MA-Central Middlesex County MA-
Western Essex MA-Southeast Middlesex MA-
622 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of south central Essex,
northeastern Suffolk and east central Middlesex Counties through 700
PM EDT...
At 621 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Saugus, moving northeast at 35 mph.
HAZARD...Minor Flooding
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Minor nuisance flooding of typically flood prone areas.
Locations impacted include...
Cambridge, Lynn, Somerville, Malden, Medford, Revere, Peabody,
Arlington, Everett, Salem, Beverly, Woburn, Melrose, Saugus, Danvers,
Wakefield, Reading, Belmont, Burlington and Stoneham.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Get indoors when you hear thunder. Do not resume outdoor activities
until at least 30 minutes after the storm has passed.
Do not drive through flooded roads or underpasses. Avoid low lying
areas near small streams.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
eastern and northeastern Massachusetts.
&&
LAT...LON 4258 7074 4253 7078 4256 7078 4255 7084
4253 7084 4255 7085 4254 7090 4253 7089
4254 7087 4250 7089 4252 7085 4246 7089
4247 7092 4244 7094 4246 7094 4238 7115
4250 7121 4265 7081
TIME...MOT...LOC 2221Z 242DEG 29KT 4250 7101
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...<30 MPH
RMSpecial weather statement, Jul 29, 6:35 PM EDT, 1 hour 46 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
635 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
CTZ002>004-300000-
Hartford CT-Tolland CT-Windham CT-
635 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of western Windham,
central Tolland and east central Hartford Counties through 800 PM
EDT...
At 635 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Manchester, moving east at 10 mph.
HAZARD...Winds in excess of 40 mph and pea size hail.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Strong winds could cause minor damage such as downed
branches. Little to no impact from hail is expected.
Locations impacted include...
Manchester, East Hartford, Vernon, Mansfield, South Windsor, Windham,
Willimantic, Ellington, Tolland, Coventry, East Windsor, Brooklyn,
Woodstock, Willington, Canterbury, Bolton, Ashford, Pomfret, Andover
and Chaplin.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Get indoors when you hear thunder. Do not resume outdoor activities
until at least 30 minutes after the storm has passed.
Do not drive through flooded roads or underpasses. Avoid low lying
areas near small streams.
This storm may intensify and become severe. Stay tuned to your local
media for updates and possible warnings.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
northern Connecticut.
&&
LAT...LON 4175 7258 4186 7259 4198 7204 4171 7200
TIME...MOT...LOC 2235Z 262DEG 11KT 4181 7251
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.25 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH
KPSpecial weather statement, Jul 29, 6:58 PM EDT, 1 hour 23 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
658 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
CTZ003-004-MAZ004>007-011>015-026-300000-
Tolland CT-Windham CT-Northwest Middlesex County MA-
Southern Worcester MA-Eastern Essex MA-Suffolk MA-Western Norfolk MA-
Central Middlesex County MA-Western Essex MA-Eastern Hampden MA-
Northern Worcester MA-Southeast Middlesex MA-
658 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...Strong thunderstorms will impact portions of northeastern Windham,
northeastern Tolland, southeastern Essex, southeastern Worcester,
northwestern Norfolk, northwestern Suffolk, Middlesex and
southeastern Hampden Counties through 800 PM EDT...
At 658 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms along
a line extending from near Shirley to North Brookfield to near
Wilbraham. Movement was east at 30 mph.
HAZARD...Winds in excess of 40 mph.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Strong winds could cause minor damage such as downed
branches.
Locations impacted include...
Boston, Worcester, Springfield, Cambridge, Lynn, Newton, Somerville,
Framingham, Waltham, Malden, Brookline, Medford, Revere, Peabody,
Arlington, Everett, Salem, Leominster, Billerica and Beverly.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Get indoors when you hear thunder. Do not resume outdoor activities
until at least 30 minutes after the storm has passed.
Do not drive through flooded roads or underpasses. Avoid low lying
areas near small streams.
Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with these storms.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. For your
safety, go indoors or to your vehicle.
These storms may intensify and become severe. Stay tuned to your
local media for updates and possible warnings.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
northern Connecticut...western, eastern, central and northeastern
Massachusetts...and Rhode Island.
&&
LAT...LON 4255 7084 4253 7084 4254 7090 4253 7089
4254 7087 4250 7089 4252 7085 4249 7086
4244 7094 4246 7094 4245 7097 4241 7099
4221 7129 4199 7184 4207 7263 4226 7217
4258 7167 4258 7072
TIME...MOT...LOC 2258Z 274DEG 27KT 4254 7166 4226 7209 4211 7246
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...40 MPH
KPSpecial weather statement, Jul 29, 7:09 PM EDT, 1 hour 12 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
709 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
CTZ002>004-MAZ011-300015-
Hartford CT-Tolland CT-Windham CT-Eastern Hampden MA-
709 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023
...Strong thunderstorms will impact portions of northern Windham,
Tolland, southeastern Hartford and southern Hampden Counties through
815 PM EDT...
At 709 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms along
a line extending from near Hampden to near Windsor to Wolcott.
Movement was east at 45 mph.
HAZARD...Wind gusts up to 50 mph.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Strong winds could cause minor damage such as downed
branches.
Locations impacted include...
Hartford, New Britain, West Hartford, Bristol, Manchester, East
Hartford, Enfield, Southington, Glastonbury, Newington, Vernon,
Windsor, Wethersfield, Mansfield, South Windsor, Farmington, Windham,
Bloomfield, Berlin and Rocky Hill.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Get indoors when you hear thunder. Do not resume outdoor activities
until at least 30 minutes after the storm has passed.
Do not drive through flooded roads or underpasses. Avoid low lying
areas near small streams.
Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with these storms.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. For your
safety, go indoors or to your vehicle.
These storms may intensify and become severe. Stay tuned to your
local media for updates and possible warnings.
A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 900 PM EDT for
northern Connecticut...and western Massachusetts.
&&
LAT...LON 4205 7238 4199 7182 4170 7223 4171 7224
4167 7227 4159 7239 4160 7241 4158 7246
4164 7250 4163 7271 4160 7272 4155 7282
4157 7283 4155 7285 4156 7288 4156 7294
4164 7294 4164 7298 4166 7299
TIME...MOT...LOC 2309Z 270DEG 38KT 4203 7237 4185 7264 4162 7297
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...50 MPH
KPThe office that day
Everything else NWS Boston/Norton, MA issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 29, 8:03 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BOX | Bristol, Norfolk, Plymouth | 42 min |
| Jul 29, 8:07 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | BOX | Essex, Middlesex | 53 min |
| Jul 29, 8:23 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 52 min | |
| Jul 29, 8:29 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 33 min | |
| Jul 29, 8:32 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | BOX | Bristol, Plymouth | 28 min |
| Jul 29, 8:39 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BOX | Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, Plymouth | 66 min |
| Jul 29, 8:52 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 38 min | |
| Jul 29, 8:54 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 66 min | |
| Jul 29, 9:06 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 54 min | |
| Jul 29, 9:16 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BOX | Barnstable | 29 min |
| Jul 29, 9:19 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 56 min | |
| Jul 29, 9:44 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | BOX | Dukes | 46 min |
| Jul 29, 9:47 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 58 min | |
| Jul 29, 10:09 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | BOX | Nantucket | 66 min |
| Jul 29, 10:34 PM EDT | Special Marine Warning | BOX | 22 min | |
| Jul 30, 8:44 AM EDT | Rip Current Statement | BOX | Barnstable, Bristol, Dukes, Nantucket | 11 hr |
| Jul 29, 8:39 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | BOX | Bristol, Kent, Newport, Washington | 66 min |
| Jul 29, 9:23 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BOX | Washington | 26 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Rhode Island, 2023Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Massachusetts, 2023Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2023
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.