Alert archive / North Carolina / Wind Advisories in 2022
Wind Advisory 5, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this wind advisory at Jan 28, 2022, 2:42 PM EST for 17 counties in North Carolina; Habersham County, Rabun County, Georgia. It took effect at Jan 28, 2022, 7:00 PM EST. It was in force for 20 hr.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Jan 28, 2022, 2:42 PM EST (19:42 UTC)
- In effect from
- Jan 28, 2022, 7:00 PM EST
- Expired
- Jan 29, 2022, 2:43 PM EST
- In force
- 20 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
Counties Habersham County, GA, Rabun County, GA, Avery County, NC, Buncombe County, NC, Burke County, NC, Caldwell County, NC, Graham County, NC, Haywood County, NC, Henderson County, NC, Jackson County, NC, Macon County, NC, Madison County, NC, McDowell County, NC, Mitchell County, NC, Polk County, NC, Rutherford County, NC, Swain County, NC, Transylvania County, NC, Yancey County, NC
The radar
The Greer radar (KGSP), 78 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 19:45 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
The nearest sounding before it
Greensboro/Hi Pt, NC (KGSO), launched 12:00Z, 7.7 hours before the alert went out and 255 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 2334 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 61 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 40 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 111 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
014 WWUS72 KGSP 281942 NPWGSP URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 242 PM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 GAZ010-017-NCZ033-048>053-058-059-062>065-501-503-505-507-509-510- SCZ001>003-290345- /O.NEW.KGSP.WI.Y.0005.220129T0000Z-220129T2100Z/ Rabun-Habersham-Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood- Buncombe-Graham-Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson- Transylvania-Henderson-Caldwell Mountains-Burke Mountains- McDowell Mountains-Rutherford Mountains-Polk Mountains- Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains-Pickens Mountains- Greenville Mountains- Including the cities of Clayton, Pine Mountain, Mountain City, Cornelia, Demorest, Clarkesville, Hollywood, Ingalls, Banner Elk, Newland, Faust, Mars Hill, Marshall, Walnut, Allenstand, Hot Springs, Luck, Swiss, Burnsville, Celo, Micaville, Ramseytown, Busick, Spruce Pine, Poplar, Alarka, Almond, Bryson City, Luada, Wesser, Waynesville, Waterville, Canton, Cruso, Cove Creek, Asheville, Robbinsville, Stecoah, Cullowhee, Tuckasegee, Sylva, Franklin, Rainbow Springs, Kyle, Highlands, Wolf Mountain, Cashiers, Brevard, Cedar Mountain, Little River, Hendersonville, Fletcher, Dana, East Flat Rock, Tuxedo, Etowah, Jonas Ridge, Ashford, Woodlawn, Old Fort, Chimney Rock State Park, Saluda, Tryon, Columbus, Mill Spring, Mountain Rest, Walhalla, Pumpkintown, Tigerville, Gowensville, Cleveland, and Slater-Marietta 242 PM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 ...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO 4 PM EST SATURDAY... * WHAT...Northwest winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 45 mph expected. * WHERE...Portions of Upstate South Carolina, northeast Georgia and western North Carolina. * WHEN...From 7 PM this evening to 4 PM EST Saturday. * IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result. * ADDITIONAL DETAILS...the strongest winds are expected Friday night after midnight, especially along the Blue Ridge escarpment and nearby locations. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects. && $$ MPR
3 follow-up statements
107 WWUS72 KGSP 290235 NPWGSP URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 935 PM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 GAZ010-017-NCZ033-048>053-058-059-062>065-501-503-505-507-509-510- SCZ001>003-291200- /O.CON.KGSP.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-220129T2100Z/ Rabun-Habersham-Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood- Buncombe-Graham-Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson- Transylvania-Henderson-Caldwell Mountains-Burke Mountains- McDowell Mountains-Rutherford Mountains-Polk Mountains- Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains-Pickens Mountains- Greenville Mountains- Including the cities of Clayton, Pine Mountain, Mountain City, Cornelia, Demorest, Clarkesville, Hollywood, Ingalls, Banner Elk, Newland, Faust, Mars Hill, Marshall, Walnut, Allenstand, Hot Springs, Luck, Swiss, Burnsville, Celo, Micaville, Ramseytown, Busick, Spruce Pine, Poplar, Alarka, Almond, Bryson City, Luada, Wesser, Waynesville, Waterville, Canton, Cruso, Cove Creek, Asheville, Robbinsville, Stecoah, Cullowhee, Tuckasegee, Sylva, Franklin, Rainbow Springs, Kyle, Highlands, Wolf Mountain, Cashiers, Brevard, Cedar Mountain, Little River, Hendersonville, Fletcher, Dana, East Flat Rock, Tuxedo, Etowah, Jonas Ridge, Ashford, Woodlawn, Old Fort, Chimney Rock State Park, Saluda, Tryon, Columbus, Mill Spring, Mountain Rest, Walhalla, Pumpkintown, Tigerville, Gowensville, Cleveland, and Slater-Marietta 935 PM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST SATURDAY... * WHAT...Northwest winds 20 to 30 mph with gusts of 40 to 50 mph expected. * WHERE...The mountains of Upstate South Carolina, northeast Georgia, and western North Carolina. * WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Saturday. * IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree limbs could be blown down and scattered power outages may result. * ADDITIONAL DETAILS...The strongest winds are expected overnight through Saturday morning, especially along the Blue Ridge escarpment and nearby locations. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects. && $$ HG
223 WWUS72 KGSP 290909 NPWGSP URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 409 AM EST Sat Jan 29 2022 GAZ010-017-NCZ033-048>053-058-059-062>065-501-503-505-507-509-510- SCZ001>003-292100- /O.CON.KGSP.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-220129T2100Z/ Rabun-Habersham-Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood- Buncombe-Graham-Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson- Transylvania-Henderson-Caldwell Mountains-Burke Mountains- McDowell Mountains-Rutherford Mountains-Polk Mountains- Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains-Pickens Mountains- Greenville Mountains- Including the cities of Clayton, Pine Mountain, Mountain City, Cornelia, Demorest, Clarkesville, Hollywood, Ingalls, Banner Elk, Newland, Faust, Mars Hill, Marshall, Walnut, Allenstand, Hot Springs, Luck, Swiss, Burnsville, Celo, Micaville, Ramseytown, Busick, Spruce Pine, Poplar, Alarka, Almond, Bryson City, Luada, Wesser, Waynesville, Waterville, Canton, Cruso, Cove Creek, Asheville, Robbinsville, Stecoah, Cullowhee, Tuckasegee, Sylva, Franklin, Rainbow Springs, Kyle, Highlands, Wolf Mountain, Cashiers, Brevard, Cedar Mountain, Little River, Hendersonville, Fletcher, Dana, East Flat Rock, Tuxedo, Etowah, Jonas Ridge, Ashford, Woodlawn, Old Fort, Chimney Rock State Park, Saluda, Tryon, Columbus, Mill Spring, Mountain Rest, Walhalla, Pumpkintown, Tigerville, Gowensville, Cleveland, and Slater-Marietta 409 AM EST Sat Jan 29 2022 ...WIND ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS AFTERNOON... * WHAT...Northwest winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 45 mph. A few gusts of 50 mph or more are possible in the highest elevations. * WHERE...The mountains and foothills of the Carolinas and northeast Georgia. * WHEN...Until 4 PM EST this afternoon. * IMPACTS...Gusty winds could blow around unsecured objects. Tree limbs could be blown down and a few power outages may result. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Use extra caution when driving, especially if operating a high profile vehicle. Secure outdoor objects. && $$ Wimberley
303 WWUS72 KGSP 291943 NPWGSP URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 243 PM EST Sat Jan 29 2022 GAZ010-017-NCZ033-048>053-058-059-062>065-501-503-505-507-509-510- SCZ001>003-292045- /O.CAN.KGSP.WI.Y.0005.000000T0000Z-220129T2100Z/ Rabun-Habersham-Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood- Buncombe-Graham-Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson- Transylvania-Henderson-Caldwell Mountains-Burke Mountains- McDowell Mountains-Rutherford Mountains-Polk Mountains- Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains-Pickens Mountains- Greenville Mountains- 243 PM EST Sat Jan 29 2022 ...WIND ADVISORY IS CANCELLED... Winds continue to diminish across the mountains this afternoon, but wind gusts are expected to remain below 35 mph. The remaining brisk winds will result in wind chill values below zero across some of the higher peaks and ridgetops, so dress accordingly if you have plans to be outside above 5000 feet through the evening. $$ PM
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this wind advisory went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this wind advisory went out at Jan 28, 2:17 PM EST, 25 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Jan 28, 2:17 PM EST, 25 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
217 PM EST Fri Jan 28 2022
.SYNOPSIS...
An upper low pressure system will support accumulating snow for the
mountains tonight through early Saturday. Outside the mountains,
rain may change to snow this evening or overnight, with small
accumulation possible in some areas. An arctic air mass building
in behind the system this weekend will support cold and windy
conditions Saturday. Temperatures rebound early next week ahead
of our next system, which is expected to arrive on Wednesday
and Thursday.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH SATURDAY/...
As of 200 PM EST Friday: Winter storm on track with no changes to
the Winter Weather Advisories across the NC piedmont and eastern
Upstate of SC with Winter Storm Warning across above 3500 feet in
the NC mountains, focused near the TN border. The exact location of
best snowfall in the Piedmont is still in question and may continue
to be so until the band organizes on the lee on the mountains. Will
assess the potential need for a low end wind advisory for the
mountains and possibly foothills for tonight through Saturday
afternoon.
The trough of interest was positively tilted and dropping into the
upper Mississippi River Valley this morning. Resulting height falls
to our west has induced broad southwest flow with increasing
moisture focused at mid-levels for now and is reflected in a deck of
10K foot clouds with elevated radar returns or virga also present.
The narrow but fairly opaque clouds should limit daytime
temperatures to the low end of guidance which will be an critical
later this afternoon for precipitation types as precipitation starts
across much of the region this afternoon into the evening hours.
The aforementioned trough will swing through the region around
midnight and become negatively tilted as it lifts to our northeast
tonight into Saturday. A arctic front will accompany this feature,
adding an extra oomph to snowfall rates this afternoon across the
mountains and the main player for the expected banding east of the
mountains late this afternoon into tonight. Strong mid level lapse
rates with the trough itself may support convective snow bands along
and just ahead of the front, which placement and duration could lead
to large spread to snowfall totals over relatively small areas.
Snowfall totals remain relatively unchanged with up to 2 inches
expected across the Piedmont Winter Weather Advisory and with 1 to
3+ inches for the mountain Winter Weather Advisory and 3 to 7+
inches for in the Winter Storm Warning. Gusty winds approaching
advisory levels with dangerous wind chills near to below 0 F will
develop tonight across the mountains and will continue to be
included in the winter advisory and warning products. A Wind Chill
advisory will also be added for mountain locations above 3500 feet
that are outside of the ongoing winter products. Where area roadways
remain wet, black ice is expected to develop tonight as temperatures
crash into the mid 10s to mid 20s across the region.
&&
.SHORT TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT/...
As of 1225 PM Friday: The rest of the weekend and into the first
part of the next week looks fair and quiet, in spite of continued
mean mid/upper troffing over the east and the passage of a few short
waves. Weakening high pressure should settle down across the region
Saturday night, giving us one of our coldest nights of the season,
with temps dropping down into the teens across the mtns and out over
the NC foothills/wrn Piedmont. The high moves offshore on Sunday,
though, and temps start to rebound back toward normal. One short
wave should pass overhead late Sunday and the next on Monday, but
most will hardly notice. There could be an increase in clouds on
the TN border Sunday night behind the first wave, and the second
wave should bring some thicker high clouds overhead on Monday. Even
with the higher clouds, temps will probably climb up to a category
or so above normal for highs Monday afternoon. By Monday night,
heights rise as the eastern trof pulls out, establishing a nearly
zonal flow aloft.
&&
.LONG TERM /TUESDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/...
As of 214 PM Friday: Nearly zonal flow aloft on Tuesday will
gradually come around to southwesterly by Wednesday as the next
upper trof digs down over the high Plains and ridging builds off
the Eastern Seaboard. Models suggest this will open up the Gulf
of Mexico for moisture transport into our region, with increasing
precip chances Tuesday night into Wednesday. The first issue is
the onset of light precip early Wednesday morning relative to
low temperatures. Operational runs keep us dry through daybreak
Wednesday while blends incorporate enough alternate scenarios to
introduce a small precip prob over the mtns. If precip begins
that early, however, it will be in concert with strong warm
advection, especially at the high elevations that will stick up
into the developing southerly flow aloft, the implication being
that wintry precip would be unlikely in that event. By Wednesday
afternoon, the models agree with a setup that continues to favor
strong temp/moisture advection from the south and is unfavorable
for cold air damming. From Wednesday night, through Thursday,
into Thursday night, the guidance shows some differences in the
strength and timing of low pressure that develops out ahead of the
mid/upper trof over the Plains, but not the track. Models have
a sfc low moving up to the west of the Appalachians, which has
good support in the ensembles. In this situation, we would remain
un-wedged and warm-sectored, thus open to the possibilities of
severe thunderstorms and excessive rainfall, and with above normal
temps. For the time being, the GFS shows very modest sfc-based CAPE
with little support for anything more than a hundred J/kg in the
GEFS, but shear should be impressive on Thursday afternoon as a low
level jet moves overhead. The 12Z ECMWF is similarly unimpressed
thus far. This suggests that perhaps heavy rain might be the bigger
concern, what with model precipitable water over 1.5 inches east
of the mtns on Thursday, which is up in record territory. That
we would lack the protection of cold air damming suggests that we
keep an eye on this situation, but for now confidence is too low
to mention in the HWO. Cold air should move in behind the trailing
cold front Thursday night and into Friday. Model blends naturally
smear out the departure of the precip and the arrival of the cold
air, allowing for a non-specific changeover to snow at the high
elevations early Friday. We retain some low precip chances across
the region for Friday, but a large cool continental high could
easily build in by daybreak and keep Friday dry everywhere.
&&
.AVIATION /19Z FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
At KCLT and elsewhere: Strong deep layer forcing along ahead of a
front could support period of +SN from west to east between roughly
23Z to 05Z for area terminals, likely excluding KHKY. Cigs/vsby will
drop to MVFR/IFR or briefly lower in +SN with otherwise VFR conds
expected. Starting and ending time of SHRA/SHSN and change over
times of RA to SN may be off by 2 hours. FZRA/IP not expected.
Outlook: Gusty NW winds and lingering snow showers are expected
across the mtns into Saturday. Otherwise, dry conditions will
prevail for most terminals Saturday into early next week.
&&
.GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...None.
NC...Winter Weather Advisory from 7 PM this evening to 7 AM EST
Saturday for NCZ070>072-082.
Winter Weather Advisory below 3500 feet until 7 AM EST
Saturday for NCZ033-048>052-058.
Winter Storm Warning above 3500 feet until 7 AM EST Saturday
for NCZ033-048>052-058.
Winter Weather Advisory from 6 PM this evening to 7 AM EST
Saturday for NCZ036-037-056-057-069.
Winter Weather Advisory until 7 AM EST Saturday for NCZ053-059.
SC...Winter Weather Advisory from 7 PM this evening to 7 AM EST
Saturday for SCZ009-014.
&&
SYNOPSIS...PM
NEAR TERM...Munroe
SHORT TERM...PM
LONG TERM...PM
AVIATION...MunroeHazardous weather outlook, Jan 28, 4:32 AM EST, 10 hours 10 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 NCZ033-048>052-058-290945- Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood-Graham- 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 ...WINTER STORM WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 7 AM EST SATURDAY ABOVE 3500 FEET... ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 7 AM EST SATURDAY BELOW 3500 FEET... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for western North Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. Winter Storm Warning. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. Winter Storm Warning. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotters are requested to report snow and ice accumulations to our office. NCZ053-059-290945- Buncombe-Northern Jackson- 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO 7 AM EST SATURDAY... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for western North Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotters are requested to report snow and ice accumulations to our office. NCZ035-062>065-068-501>510-SCZ008-013-290945- Alexander-Macon-Southern Jackson-Transylvania-Henderson-Cleveland- Caldwell Mountains-Greater Caldwell-Burke Mountains-Greater Burke- McDowell Mountains-Eastern McDowell-Rutherford Mountains- Greater Rutherford-Polk Mountains-Eastern Polk-Cherokee-Union SC- 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for piedmont North Carolina, western North Carolina and upstate South Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. A low pressure system developing along the coast will bring light precipitation that will change from rain to snow across the mountains this afternoon, and across the northern Upstate of South Carolina and the foothills and western Piedmont of North Carolina later this evening. A light accumulation of snow is likely, generally less than an inch, over the western Piedmont of North Carolina and the northern Upstate. No significant accumulation is expected across areas outside the mountains and west of Interstate 26. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Temperatures will drop well below freezing early Saturday. Patches of black ice can be expected Saturday morning where snow accumulates Friday night. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotters are requested to report snow and ice accumulations to our office. NCZ070>072-082-SCZ009-014-290945- Gaston-Mecklenburg-Cabarrus-Union NC-York-Chester- 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO 7 AM EST SATURDAY... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for piedmont North Carolina and upstate South Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotters are requested to report snow and ice accumulations to our office. NCZ036-037-056-057-069-290945- Iredell-Davie-Catawba-Rowan-Lincoln- 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 ...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 7 AM EST SATURDAY... This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for piedmont North Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the Internet for more information about the following hazards. Winter Weather Advisory. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotters are requested to report snow and ice accumulations to our office. GAZ010-017-018-026-028-029-SCZ001>007-010>012-019-290945- Rabun-Habersham-Stephens-Franklin-Hart-Elbert-Oconee Mountains- Pickens Mountains-Greenville Mountains-Greater Oconee- Greater Pickens-Greater Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson-Abbeville- Laurens-Greenwood- 432 AM EST Fri Jan 28 2022 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northeast Georgia and upstate South Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. A few snow flurries or light snow showers are possible tonight. No significant accumulation is expected. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Temperatures will drop well below freezing early Saturday. Patches of black ice may develop overnight and Saturday morning. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... None. JPT
The office that day
Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 28, 2:47 PM EST | Wind Chill Advisory | GSP | Avery, Buncombe, Graham, Haywood, Jackson, McDowell and 6 more | 22 hr |
Nearby
Wind Advisories in North Carolina, 2022Wind Advisories in Georgia, 2022Wind Advisories in South Carolina, 2022Every wind advisory in 2022
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.