Alert archive / Alabama / Mesoscale Discussions in 2021

Mesoscale Discussion 539

May 4, 20217 counties in Alabama

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at May 4, 2021, 6:10 PM CDT for 7 counties in Alabama. It was in force for 65 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
May 4, 2021, 6:10 PM CDT (23:10 UTC)
Expired
May 4, 2021, 7:15 PM CDT
In force
65 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Concerning
Tornado watch 149

Counties Autauga County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL

The radar

The Maxwell AFB radar (KMXX), 51 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:10 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watches that followed

Watches SPC issued over any of the same counties within four hours of this discussion.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 11.2 hours before the alert went out and 85 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2021-05-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 2158 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2021-05-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 145 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2158 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-5 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
569 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
145 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
195 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
1.4
Supercell composite
7.3

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

170 
ACUS11 KWNS 042311
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 042310 
ALZ000-050015-

Mesoscale Discussion 0539
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0610 PM CDT Tue May 04 2021

Areas affected...Portions of central AL

Concerning...Tornado Watch 149...

Valid 042310Z - 050015Z

The severe weather threat for Tornado Watch 149 continues.

SUMMARY...The greatest damaging wind and isolated tornado threat
should focus across a small part of central Alabama in the short
term.

DISCUSSION...Recent radar imagery from KBMX and KMXX show enhanced
velocities associated with a small segment of the larger bowing
complex across southern/central AL. This area will likely have the
greatest potential for severe/damaging wind gusts in the next hour
or two. An outflow boundary is also evident extending southeastward
from the most intense portion of the bow across southeastern AL. Any
isolated tornado threat may focus near this outflow boundary, as
low-level flow is backed to east-northeasterly, locally enhancing
0-1 km SRH.

..Gleason.. 05/04/2021

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...BMX...MOB...

LAT...LON   32188710 32598676 33108642 33148600 33098568 32708555
            32158579 31998618 32018672 32188710

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
May 3, 7:13 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Bullock, Chambers, Coosa, Elmore, Lee and 4 more62 min
May 4, 5:13 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCJackson, Lauderdale, Limestone, Madison5 hr
May 4, 7:31 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCJackson, Lauderdale, Limestone, Madison89 min
May 4, 8:33 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Clarke, Dallas, Greene, Hale, Marengo and 4 more117 min
May 4, 9:03 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBlount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Clay, Cleburne, Cullman and 20 more117 min
May 4, 9:18 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCAutauga, Bibb, Blount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton and 28 more7 hr
May 4, 2:17 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Greene, Marengo, Sumter88 min
May 4, 3:03 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBibb, Blount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay and 19 more117 min
May 4, 3:31 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Butler, Chilton, Choctaw and 20 more6 hr
May 4, 4:46 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Bibb, Butler, Chilton, Choctaw and 20 more89 min
May 4, 5:20 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBarbour, Bullock, Chambers, Coffee, Covington, Dale and 7 more85 min
May 4, 6:26 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCBarbour, Bullock, Chambers, Coffee, Covington, Crenshaw and 8 more6 hr

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Alabama, 2021Every mesoscale discussion in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.