Alert archive / Missouri / Mesoscale Discussions in 2021

Mesoscale Discussion 1984

December 10, 2021Calhoun County, Jersey County, Illinois; 30 counties in Missouri

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Dec 10, 2021, 5:27 PM CST for Calhoun County, Jersey County, Illinois; 30 counties in Missouri. It was in force for 3 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Dec 10, 2021, 5:27 PM CST (23:27 UTC)
Expired
Dec 10, 2021, 8:30 PM CST
In force
3 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Concerning
Tornado watch 553
All 32 counties

Calhoun County, IL, Jersey County, IL, Audrain County, MO, Benton County, MO, Boone County, MO, Callaway County, MO, Camden County, MO, Cole County, MO, Cooper County, MO, Crawford County, MO, Dallas County, MO, Franklin County, MO, Gasconade County, MO, Greene County, MO, Hickory County, MO, Laclede County, MO, Lincoln County, MO, Maries County, MO, Miller County, MO, Moniteau County, MO, Montgomery County, MO, Morgan County, MO, Osage County, MO, Phelps County, MO, Pike County, MO, Polk County, MO, Pulaski County, MO, Saint Charles County, MO, Saint Louis County, MO, Warren County, MO, Webster County, MO, Wright County, MO

The radar

The St Louis radar (KLSX), 128 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:31 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Springfield, MO (KSGF), launched 12:00Z, 11.5 hours before the alert went out and 213 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2021-12-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 62 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Springfield, MO at 12:00Z on 2021-12-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 419 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
62 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-145 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
870 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
67 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
419 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
441 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

666 
ACUS11 KWNS 102328
SWOMCD
SPC MCD 102327 
ILZ000-MOZ000-110230-

Mesoscale Discussion 1984
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0527 PM CST Fri Dec 10 2021

Areas affected...Portions of southwest into east-central Missouri

Concerning...Tornado Watch 553...

Valid 102327Z - 110230Z

The severe weather threat for Tornado Watch 553 continues.

SUMMARY...The severe threat appears to be gradually increasing
across portions of central Missouri. Large hail and damaging wind
gusts appear to be the primary threats, though a few tornadoes are
also likely, especially across eastern Missouri later this evening.

DISCUSSION...Deep-moist convection has recently initiated across
portions of southwest MO, just northwest of SGF within the past
hour. These storms are developing along the western fringes of a
moist warm sector, where near 60 F surface dewpoints are overspread
by 7 C/km mid-level lapse rates (evident via 22Z mesoanalysis and
previously noted by the 19Z SGF observed sounding). While the
surface winds are somewhat veered, the 21Z SGF VWP showed a modestly
curved but long hodograph depicting well over 300 m2/s2 SRH in both
the 0-1 km and 0-3 km layers. 

As deep-layer ascent increases across the area and convective
inhibition continues to wane, additional storms are expected to
develop over the next several hours. A mixed mode of linear segments
and semi-discrete storms are expected, with all severe hazards
(including a couple of tornadoes) likely. The best chance for
tornadoes will be later this evening across eastern MO as the more
mature storms progress farther east into the LLJ axis, where
low-level shear is expected to be strongest and where MLCAPE may
exceed 1000 J/kg.

..Squitieri/Grams.. 12/10/2021

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...LSX...SGF...EAX...

LAT...LON   37409190 37119260 37079314 37229368 37739385 38629335
            39359194 39469106 39249044 38939021 38509047 38009114
            37409190

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 10, 1:35 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Pulaski, Union2 hr
Dec 10, 3:07 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCAlexander, Edwards, Franklin, Gallatin, Hamilton, Hardin and 17 more11 hr
Dec 10, 4:45 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Hardin, Jackson, Johnson, Massac, Pope and 3 more90 min
Dec 10, 5:17 PM CSTTornado WatchSPCAdams, Bond, Brown, Calhoun, Cass, Christian and 18 more6 hr
Dec 10, 2:44 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAudrain, Boone, Carroll, Chariton, Clark, Cooper and 13 more2 hr

Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Missouri, 2021Mesoscale Discussions in Illinois, 2021Every mesoscale discussion in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.