Alert archive / Virginia / Winter Storm Watches in 2021

Winter Storm Watch 5, NWS Blacksburg, VA

February 10, 202134 counties in Virginia; 4 counties in West Virginia

NWS Blacksburg, VA issued this winter storm watch at Feb 10, 2021, 3:40 AM EST for 34 counties in Virginia; 4 counties in West Virginia. It took effect at Feb 11, 2021, 7:00 PM EST. It was in force for .

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Feb 10, 2021, 3:40 AM EST (08:40 UTC)
In effect from
Feb 11, 2021, 7:00 PM EST
Expired
Feb 11, 2021, 4:05 AM EST
In force
Issued by
NWS Blacksburg, VA
All 38 counties

Alleghany County, VA, Amherst County, VA, Appomattox County, VA, Bath County, VA, Bedford County, VA, Bland County, VA, Botetourt County, VA, Buckingham County, VA, Campbell County, VA, Carroll County, VA, Charlotte County, VA, City of Buena Vista, VA, City of Covington, VA, City of Danville, VA, City of Galax, VA, City of Lexington, VA, City of Lynchburg, VA, City of Martinsville, VA, City of Radford, VA, City of Roanoke, VA, City of Salem, VA, Craig County, VA, Floyd County, VA, Franklin County, VA, Giles County, VA, Halifax County, VA, Henry County, VA, Montgomery County, VA, Patrick County, VA, Pittsylvania County, VA, Pulaski County, VA, Roanoke County, VA, Rockbridge County, VA, Wythe County, VA, Greenbrier County, WV, Mercer County, WV, Monroe County, WV, Summers County, WV

The radar

The Roanoke radar (KFCX), 39 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 08:41 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Roanoke, VA (KRNK), launched 00:00Z, 8.7 hours before the alert went out and 41 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Roanoke, VA at 00:00Z on 2021-02-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Roanoke, VA at 00:00Z on 2021-02-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 168 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1074 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
79 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
168 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
236 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

211 
WWUS41 KRNK 100840
WSWRNK

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
340 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...Wintry Precipitation Expected Today into Thursday Morning...

VAZ020-WVZ507-508-101645-
/O.UPG.KRNK.WS.A.0004.210210T1700Z-210211T1500Z/
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.210210T1700Z-210211T1800Z/
/O.NEW.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210211T1800Z-210213T0000Z/
Bath-Eastern Greenbrier-Western Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Hot Springs, Lewisburg, 
White Sulphur Springs, Quinwood, Duo, and Rainelle
340 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO 1 PM EST
THURSDAY...
...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH
FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...For the Winter Weather Advisory, mixed precipitation
  expected. Total snow and sleet accumulations of up to two inches
  and ice accumulations of around one tenth of an inch. For the
  Winter Storm Watch, heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total
  snow and sleet accumulations of 2 to 4 inches and ice 
  accumulations of up to one tenth of an inch possible.

* WHERE...In Virginia, Bath County. In West Virginia, Eastern 
  Greenbrier and Western Greenbrier Counties.

* WHEN...For the Winter Weather Advisory, from noon today to 1 
  PM EST Thursday. For the Winter Storm Watch, from Thursday 
  afternoon through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Travel could be very difficult. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation. 

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ019-024-035-101645-
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.210210T1700Z-210211T1800Z/
/O.NEW.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210211T1800Z-210213T0000Z/
Alleghany VA-Rockbridge-Amherst-
Including the cities of Clifton Forge, Covington, Lexington, 
Buena Vista, and Amherst
340 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO 1 PM EST
THURSDAY...
...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH
FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...For the Winter Weather Advisory, mixed precipitation
  expected. Total snow and sleet accumulations of up to one inch
  and ice accumulations of around one tenth of an inch. For the
  Winter Storm Watch, heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total
  snow and sleet accumulations of 3 to 5 inches and ice
  accumulations of up to one tenth of an inch possible.

* WHERE...Alleghany VA, Rockbridge and Amherst Counties.

* WHEN...For the Winter Weather Advisory, from noon today to 1 
  PM EST Thursday. For the Winter Storm Watch, from Thursday 
  afternoon through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation. 

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ010>014-016>018-022-023-032>034-043>047-058-059-WVZ042>044-
101645-
/O.NEW.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210211T1800Z-210213T0000Z/
Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Roanoke-
Botetourt-Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Henry-Pittsylvania-Campbell-
Appomattox-Buckingham-Halifax-Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
Including the cities of Bland, Pearisburg, Wytheville, Radford, 
Pulaski, Blacksburg, Galax, Floyd, New Castle, Roanoke, Salem, 
Fincastle, Stuart, Rocky Mount, Martinsville, Danville, 
Lynchburg, Appomattox, South Boston, Keysville, Bluefield, 
Hinton, Hix, and Union
340 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH
FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...Heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total snow and sleet
  accumulations of up to 4 inches and ice accumulations of up to
  one tenth of an inch, and locally higher possible.

* WHERE...Portions of central, south central, southwest and west 
  central Virginia and southeast West Virginia.

* WHEN...From Thursday afternoon through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation. 

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

&&

$$
5 follow-up statements
171 
WWUS41 KRNK 101652
WSWRNK

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
1152 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...Wintry Precipitation Expected Late This Afternoon into 
Thursday Morning...

VAZ019-020-024-035-WVZ507-508-110100-
/O.CON.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.210210T1700Z-210211T1800Z/
/O.CON.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210211T1800Z-210213T0000Z/
Alleghany VA-Bath-Rockbridge-Amherst-Eastern Greenbrier-
Western Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Clifton Forge, Covington, Hot Springs, 
Lexington, Buena Vista, Amherst, Lewisburg, 
White Sulphur Springs, Quinwood, Duo, and Rainelle
1152 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM EST
THURSDAY...
...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY AFTERNOON
THROUGH FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...For the Winter Weather Advisory, mixed precipitation 
  expected. Total snow and sleet accumulations of up to one inch 
  and ice accumulations of around one tenth of an inch. For the 
  Winter Storm Watch, heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total 
  snow and sleet accumulations of 3 to 5 inches and ice 
  accumulations of up to one tenth of an inch possible.

* WHERE...Alleghany VA, Rockbridge and Amherst Counties.

* WHEN...For the Winter Weather Advisory, from noon today to 1 
  PM EST Thursday. For the Winter Storm Watch, from Thursday 
  afternoon through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving.

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter.

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation.

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ010>014-016>018-022-023-032>034-043>047-058-059-WVZ042>044-
110100-
/O.CON.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210211T1800Z-210213T0000Z/
Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Roanoke-
Botetourt-Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Henry-Pittsylvania-Campbell-
Appomattox-Buckingham-Halifax-Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
Including the cities of Bland, Pearisburg, Wytheville, Radford, 
Pulaski, Blacksburg, Galax, Floyd, New Castle, Roanoke, Salem, 
Fincastle, Stuart, Rocky Mount, Martinsville, Danville, 
Lynchburg, Appomattox, South Boston, Keysville, Bluefield, 
Hinton, Hix, and Union
1152 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY AFTERNOON
THROUGH FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...Heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total snow and 
  sleet accumulations of up to 4 inches and ice accumulations of 
  up to one tenth of an inch, and locally higher possible.

* WHERE...Portions of central, south central, southwest and west 
  central Virginia and southeast West Virginia.

* WHEN...From Thursday afternoon through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation.

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

&&

$$

RAB
232 
WWUS41 KRNK 101947
WSWRNK

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
247 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...Spotty Winter Precipitation Expected near the Interstate 64
Corridor Tonight and Thursday Morning...
...More Significant Icing and Mixed Wintry Precipitation Expected
Thursday Night and Friday...

VAZ019-020-024-035-WVZ507-508-111000-
/O.EXT.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
/O.CON.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-210211T1800Z/
Alleghany VA-Bath-Rockbridge-Amherst-Eastern Greenbrier-
Western Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Clifton Forge, Covington, Hot Springs, 
Lexington, Buena Vista, Amherst, Lewisburg, 
White Sulphur Springs, Quinwood, Duo, and Rainelle
247 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM EST
THURSDAY...
...WINTER STORM WATCH NOW IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING THROUGH
FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...For the Winter Weather Advisory, light mixture of
  freezing rain and sleet expected. Total sleet accumulations less
  than one inch with ice accumulations of around one tenth of an
  inch. For the Winter Storm Watch, heavy mixed precipitation
  possible. Total snow and sleet accumulations of 1 to 2 inches
  and ice accumulations generally less than 1/10 inch possible.

* WHERE...Alleghany VA, Rockbridge and Amherst Counties.

* WHEN...For the Winter Weather Advisory, until 1 PM EST 
  Thursday. For the Winter Storm Watch, from Thursday evening 
  through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Untreated roads and sidewalks could become slippery
  and hazardous. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning
  commute Thursday and both the morning and evening commute
  Friday.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving.

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter.

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation.

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ010>014-016>018-022-023-032>034-043>047-058-059-WVZ042>044-
111000-
/O.EXT.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Roanoke-
Botetourt-Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Henry-Pittsylvania-Campbell-
Appomattox-Buckingham-Halifax-Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
Including the cities of Bland, Pearisburg, Wytheville, Radford, 
Pulaski, Blacksburg, Galax, Floyd, New Castle, Roanoke, Salem, 
Fincastle, Stuart, Rocky Mount, Martinsville, Danville, 
Lynchburg, Appomattox, South Boston, Keysville, Bluefield, 
Hinton, Hix, and Union
247 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER STORM WATCH NOW IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING THROUGH
FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...Mixed wintry precipitation possible. Total snow and sleet
  accumulations of 1 to 3 inches with ice accumulations of up to
  one tenth of an inch. Locally higher amounts possible at higher
  elevations.

* WHERE...Portions of central, south central, southwest and west 
  central Virginia and southeast West Virginia.

* WHEN...From Thursday evening through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Untreated roads and sidewalks could become slippery
  and hazardous. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning
  commute Thursday and both the morning and evening commute
  Friday.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation.

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

&&

$$

RAB
728 
WWUS41 KRNK 102249
WSWRNK

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
549 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...Spotty Winter Precipitation Near Interstate 64 Tonight and 
Thursday Morning... 
...Better Potential for More Significant Icing and Mixed Winter 
Precipitation Thursday Night and Friday...

VAZ019-020-024-035-WVZ507-508-111000-
/O.CON.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-210211T1800Z/
/O.CON.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
Alleghany VA-Bath-Rockbridge-Amherst-Eastern Greenbrier-
Western Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Clifton Forge, Covington, Hot Springs, 
Lexington, Buena Vista, Amherst, Lewisburg, 
White Sulphur Springs, Quinwood, Duo, and Rainelle
549 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM EST
THURSDAY...
...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING
THROUGH FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...For the Winter Weather Advisory, light mixture of
  freezing rain. Freezing rain may be mixed with snow Thursday
  morning. Ice accumulations of around one tenth of an inch. Any
  snow accumulation less than one inch. For the Winter Storm
  Watch...heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total snow and 
  sleet accumulations of 1 to 2 inches and ice accumulations 
  generally less than 1/10 inch possible.

* WHERE...Greenbrier County in southeast West Virginia and Bath,
  Alleghany, Rockbridge and Amherst Counties in southwest
  Virginia.

* WHEN...For the Winter Weather Advisory, until 1 PM EST 
  Thursday. For the Winter Storm Watch, from Thursday evening 
  through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Untreated roads and sidewalks could become slippery
  and hazardous. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning
  and evening commute Thursday and the morning and evening commute
  on Friday. Scattered power outages are possible Thursday night
  and Friday.  

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving.

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...215...4324. Leave a message with your 
observation and the specific location where it occurred. You can 
also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg 
Facebook page and on Twitter.

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation.

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 511.

&&

$$

VAZ010>014-016>018-022-023-032>034-043>047-058-059-WVZ042>044-
111000-
/O.CON.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Roanoke-
Botetourt-Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Henry-Pittsylvania-Campbell-
Appomattox-Buckingham-Halifax-Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
Including the cities of Bland, Pearisburg, Wytheville, Radford, 
Pulaski, Blacksburg, Galax, Floyd, New Castle, Roanoke, Salem, 
Fincastle, Stuart, Rocky Mount, Martinsville, Danville, 
Lynchburg, Appomattox, South Boston, Keysville, Bluefield, 
Hinton, Hix, and Union
549 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING
THROUGH FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...Mixed winter precipitation possible. Total snow and sleet
  accumulations of 1 to 3 inches, with ice accumulations of up to
  one tenth of an inch. Locally higher amounts possible at higher
  elevations.

* WHERE...Southwest Virginia and southeast West Virginia.

* WHEN...From Thursday evening through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Untreated roads and sidewalks could become slippery
  and hazardous. The hazardous conditions could impact the evening
  commute Thursday, and both the morning and evening commutes on  
  Friday. Scattered power outages are possible Thursday night
  and Friday.  


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation.

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

&&

$$
759 
WWUS41 KRNK 110410
WSWRNK

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
1110 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...Spotty Winter Precipitation Near Interstate 64 Tonight and
Thursday Morning... 
...Better Potential for More Significant Icing and Mixed Winter 
Precipitation Thursday Night and Friday...

VAZ019-020-024-035-WVZ507-508-111000-
/O.CON.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-210211T1800Z/
/O.CON.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
Alleghany VA-Bath-Rockbridge-Amherst-Eastern Greenbrier-
Western Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Clifton Forge, Covington, Hot Springs, 
Lexington, Buena Vista, Amherst, Lewisburg, 
White Sulphur Springs, Quinwood, Duo, and Rainelle
1110 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 PM EST
THURSDAY...
...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING
THROUGH FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...For the Winter Weather Advisory, light freezing rain.
  Freezing rain may be mixed with snow Thursday morning. Ice
  accumulations of around one tenth of an inch. Any snow
  accumulation less than one inch. For the Winter Storm
  Watch...heavy mixed precipitation possible. Total snow and sleet
  accumulations of 1 to 2 inches and ice accumulations generally
  less than one tenth of an inch possible.

* WHERE...Greenbrier County in southeast West Virginia and Bath, 
  Alleghany, Rockbridge and Amherst Counties in southwest 
  Virginia.

* WHEN...For the Winter Weather Advisory, until 1 PM EST 
  Thursday. For the Winter Storm Watch, from Thursday evening 
  through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Untreated roads and sidewalks could become slippery 
  and hazardous. The hazardous conditions could impact the 
  morning and evening commutes Thursday, and the morning and 
  evening commutes on Friday. Scattered power outages are 
  possible Thursday night and Friday.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation. 

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ010>014-016>018-022-023-032>034-043>047-058-059-WVZ042>044-
111000-
/O.CON.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Roanoke-
Botetourt-Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Henry-Pittsylvania-Campbell-
Appomattox-Buckingham-Halifax-Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
Including the cities of Bland, Pearisburg, Wytheville, Radford, 
Pulaski, Blacksburg, Galax, Floyd, New Castle, Roanoke, Salem, 
Fincastle, Stuart, Rocky Mount, Martinsville, Danville, 
Lynchburg, Appomattox, South Boston, Keysville, Bluefield, 
Hinton, Hix, and Union
1110 PM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

...WINTER STORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING
THROUGH FRIDAY EVENING...

* WHAT...Mixed winter precipitation possible. Total snow and 
  sleet accumulations of 1 to 3 inches, with ice accumulations 
  of up to one tenth of an inch. Locally higher amounts possible 
  at higher elevations.

* WHERE...Southwest Virginia and southeast West Virginia.

* WHEN...From Thursday evening through Friday evening.

* IMPACTS...Untreated roads and sidewalks could become slippery 
  and hazardous. The hazardous conditions could impact the 
  evening commute Thursday, and both the morning and evening 
  commutes on Friday. Scattered power outages are possible 
  Thursday night and Friday.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Storm Watch means there is a potential for significant
snow...sleet...or ice accumulations that may impact travel.
Monitor the latest forecasts for updates on this situation. 

Stay tuned to NOAA Weather Radio or your favorite source of
weather information for the latest updates. Additional details
can be found at www.weather.gov/blacksburg.

&&

$$
172 
WWUS41 KRNK 110905
WSWRNK

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...Wintry mix to impact much of the area by tonight..

VAZ019-020-024-035-WVZ507-111715-
/O.CAN.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-210211T1800Z/
/O.UPG.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0014.210211T2100Z-210212T1700Z/
Alleghany VA-Bath-Rockbridge-Amherst-Eastern Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Clifton Forge, Covington, Hot Springs, 
Lexington, Buena Vista, Amherst, Lewisburg, and White Sulphur 
Springs
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO
NOON EST FRIDAY...
...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY THIS MORNING IS CANCELLED...

* WHAT...Mixed precipitation expected. Total snow and sleet 
  accumulations of up to two inches and ice accumulations of a 
  light glaze.

* WHERE...In Virginia, Alleghany VA, Bath, Rockbridge and 
  Amherst Counties. In West Virginia, Eastern Greenbrier County.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to noon EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

WVZ508-111715-
/O.CAN.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
/O.EXT.KRNK.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-210212T1700Z/
Western Greenbrier-
Including the cities of Quinwood, Duo, and Rainelle
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Mixed precipitation. Additional snow and sleet accumulations
  of up to two inches and ice accumulations of up to one tenth of
  an inch.

* WHERE...Western Greenbrier County.

* WHEN...Until noon EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ010>014-016>018-022-023-032>034-045>047-059-WVZ042>044-111715-
/O.UPG.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0014.210212T0000Z-210212T1700Z/
Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Roanoke-
Botetourt-Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Campbell-Appomattox-Buckingham-
Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
Including the cities of Bland, Pearisburg, Wytheville, Radford, 
Pulaski, Blacksburg, Galax, Floyd, New Castle, Roanoke, Salem, 
Fincastle, Stuart, Rocky Mount, Lynchburg, Appomattox, Keysville,
Bluefield, Hinton, Hix, and Union
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO
NOON EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Mixed precipitation expected. Total snow and sleet 
  accumulations of up to one inch and ice accumulations of a light
  glaze.

* WHERE...Portions of central, south central, southwest and west 
  central Virginia and southeast West Virginia.

* WHEN...From 7 PM this evening to noon EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Winter Weather Advisory means that periods of snow...sleet...or
freezing rain will cause travel difficulties. Be prepared for
slippery roads and limited visibilities...and use caution while
driving. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ043-044-058-111715-
/O.UPG.KRNK.WS.A.0005.210212T0000Z-210213T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0014.210212T0500Z-210212T1700Z/
Henry-Pittsylvania-Halifax-
Including the cities of Martinsville, Danville, and South Boston
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO
NOON EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Freezing rain expected. Total ice accumulations of a 
  light glaze.

* WHERE...Henry, Pittsylvania and Halifax Counties.

* WHEN...From midnight tonight to noon EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Very slippery sidewalks, roads and bridges are 
  possible. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning or 
  evening commute.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. Prepare for possible
power outages. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

VAZ007-111715-
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0014.210212T0000Z-210212T1700Z/
Tazewell-
Including the city of Tazewell
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THIS EVENING TO
NOON EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Freezing rain expected. Total ice accumulations of a 
  light glaze.

* WHERE...Tazewell County.

* WHEN...From 7 PM this evening to noon EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Very slippery sidewalks, roads and bridges are 
  possible. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning 
  commute.


PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. Prepare for possible
power outages. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

NCZ001-002-018-VAZ015-111715-
/O.NEW.KRNK.WW.Y.0014.210212T0500Z-210212T1700Z/
Ashe-Alleghany NC-Watauga-Grayson-
Including the cities of West Jefferson, Sparta, Boone, 
Independence, Whitetop, Troutdale, and Volney
405 AM EST Thu Feb 11 2021

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO
NOON EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Freezing rain expected. Total ice accumulations of a 
  light glaze.

* WHERE...In Virginia, Grayson County. In North Carolina, Ashe, 
  Alleghany NC and Watauga Counties.

* WHEN...From midnight tonight to noon EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Very slippery sidewalks, roads and bridges are 
  possible. The hazardous conditions could impact the morning 
  commute.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. Prepare for possible
power outages. 

Please report snow, sleet or ice accumulations via email at
rnk.skywarn@noaa.gov or by calling the National Weather Service
toll free at...1...866...2 1 5...4 3 2 4. Leave a message with
your observation and the specific location where it occurred. You
can also post your report to National Weather Service Blacksburg
Facebook page and on Twitter. 

The latest road conditions for the state you are calling from can
be obtained by calling 5 1 1.

&&

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this winter storm watch went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Blacksburg, VA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this winter storm watch went out at Feb 10, 12:35 AM EST, 3 hours 5 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Feb 10, 12:35 AM EST, 3 hours 5 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
1235 AM EST Wed Feb 10 2021

.SYNOPSIS...
A series of weather disturbances will bring unsettled weather
to the forecast area for the end of the week and weekend.

&&

.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TODAY/...
As of 1045 PM EST Tuesday...

Minor changes to the forecast to adjust temperatures, dew
points, and winds slightly. Overall forecast is in good shape.

As of 630 PM EST Tuesday...

Temperatures warmed into the mid 40s to lower 50s across the
mountains and into the low to mid 60s east of the Blue Ridge
today. Clouds streaming into the area this evening should
trap this warm air, possibly limiting area coverage of freezing
rain tomorrow morning. However, there are still places with
snow on the ground which could allow surface boundary layer to
cool down below freezing. At this time, confidence is not enough
to warrant any changes to the forecast or headlines for
Wednesday.

As of 330 PM EST Tuesday...

Winter Storm Watch in effect Wednesday afternoon into early
Thursday for Greenbrier and Bath counties. Confidence is
increasing for a significant accumulation of ice and snow north
of Interstate 64 (mainly Wednesday night). A second wave of
wintry precipitation is expected late Thursday into Friday
impacting areas farther south into the forecast area, but this
will be reassessed and highlighted as confidence increases with
time (see Short Term section of this AFD for details). I also
want to draw everyones attention to the Equipment Section of
this AFD as we have scheduled maintenance for the radar that is
beyond our control (radar is going down for extended maintenance).

Through tonight...Little or no precipitation is expected. There
is a stationary front just northwest of the forecast area. This
front is expected to get a nudge to the south tonight, winds
shifting to the north, then northeast between 7PM and 1AM, and
then coming around to the east Wednesday. This will result in a
wedge of cool stable air to infiltrate the area from the north
tonight and then lead to increasing low level stratus by early
Wednesday. As such, do not expect any sun for Wednesday
resulting in a much colder day, temperatures not getting out of
the 30s across the northern CWA (north of 460), and struggling
to get much warmer than the lower 40s elsewhere.

By Wednesday afternoon the front will be nearly stationary just
to our south. An overrunning area of precipitation is expected
to develop north of the front, becoming widespread Wednesday
night. Surface temperatures are expected to be near or just
below freezing for areas north of 460 resulting in the
likelihood for wintry precipitation, with the greatest
accumulations along and north of I-64. Model consensus is for
QPF ranging from about a tenth of an inch /0.10/ near 460, to
as much as a half inch /0.50/ liquid equivalent north of I-64.
P-type is expected to be primarily freezing rain (due to a warm
layer aloft), with an opportunity for accumulating snow and
sleet, in addition to the freezing rain, north of I-64. It is
for this reason a Winter Storm Watch has been issued for areas
north of I-64 across WV and into the VA Highlands, and it's
possible winter weather advisories may be needed farther south,
as we get a better feel for where temperatures are going to
shake out after the frontal passage.

Bottom line, this is just the tip of the proverbial iceberg for
the week. A lull (break in the precipitation) is expected
Thursday morning before a another wave of precipitation arrives
by Thursday night. Areas south of 460 may see very little
precipitation from the first wave (Wednesday night), but should
be included in the second wave (Thursday night).

&&

.SHORT TERM /TONIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY NIGHT/...
As of 300 PM EST Tuesday...

   Confidence Increasing In Amounts For Second Round Of Wintry
Mix Precipitation Thursday Into Friday...

Assuming a semi break will actually play out between systems
Thursday morning, we start the short term portion of the
forecast for Thursday AM. Guidance is better hitting high
pressure wedging setting itself into the area, pushing cold air
in from the south. Just looking at deterministic members, they
continue to show a large swing in actual temperatures schemes as
we go through the day Thursday, with ECMWF remaining the
coldest. Meanwhile, studying forecast sounding profiles, NAM
hits at a very good warm nose sticking over top of the cold air.
All of this means a wide variety of precipitation types remain
possible for Thursday into Thursday night: generally, I tried to
keep the greater snow/sleet amounts to the north where cold air
will persist deeper through the layer and greater ice amounts
along the southern edge, really hitting at the buffer region
through southside, to I77, up through Bluefield. All that said,
confidence is higher in overall ice amounts than snow/sleet
because low snow ratios and higher sleet amounts could easily
pull those amounts down.

Unfortunately, this system will be in no rush to leave, with the front
very slowly slipping to the south Friday and Saturday. During this
time, wedging should continue to build down the Blue Ridge, meaning
temperatures out through the Piedmont and Foothills are going to see
little warming. That, combined with a still present warm nose aloft
means that we will continue to see a mix bag of P-Types, though more
so just sleet and freezing rain at this point. The good news is, the
airmass at this point will be rather depleted and fighting with the
wedge to precipitate through, so accumulation amounts will remain
light.

Temperatures through the period will be trending below normal,
especially as the wedge builds itself in Friday and Saturday.

&&

.LONG TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
As of 300 PM EST Tuesday...

Active Weather Pattern Persists Into Start Of Next Work Week...

The start of the long term forecast sees drier weather for most,
though not much in the way of clearing skies at the moment. Just as
high pressure starts to enter into the area from the NW, a low
pressure system is poised to form and be ejected out of the Gulf of
Mexico: these two systems will work together to bring yet another
round of wintry precipitation to the area Monday into Tuesday. As
high pressure slips east, wedging will once again start to take
place. Meanwhile, the low will ride up out of the south, forcing
moisture into the area.

&&

.AVIATION /06Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
As of 1226 AM EST Wednesday...

Expect mainly VFR this morning east of the Blue Ridge. West of
the Blue Ridge, clouds will persist with MVFR cigs to at times
IFR.

Frontal boundary will swing south and wedge of high pressure
builds in this morning turning winds from west/northwest to
northeast, then east-southeast by the afternoon Wed. Anticipate
cigs to lower to MVFR at all sites by after 12z, with IFR at
BLF. As for precipitation, chances are low this morning but
expect light rain to threaten BLF/LWB by afternoon/evening,
possibly freezing rain at LWB but temp profile is hugging the
liquid vs ice line, so kept it liquid for now and overall better
threat of precip will be north. Should see some MVFR to IFR
vsbys as well especially mountains this morning and again after
00z/Thu.

Forecast confidence is average overall this period, especially
in terms of precip and ptype.

Extended Aviation Discussion...

Weather pattern is forecast to remain unsettled for the
remainder of the week with a persistent stream of moisture into
the forecast area, overrunning a frontal boundary that will be
nearly stationary across the region. Wintry precipitation is
favored along and north of a BLF-ROA-LYH line with the potential
for icing across southern WV/VA due to freezing rain, and an
accumulating snow for northern WV/VA and into MD/PA.

&&

.EQUIPMENT...
The KFCX radar will be down for an extended period of time
beginning Feb 11th through about Feb 18th for a generator
replacement, and replacement other electrical components
associated the utility to generator powering of the facility.

&&

.RNK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
VA...Winter Storm Watch from noon EST today through Thursday
     morning for VAZ020.
NC...None.
WV...Winter Storm Watch from noon EST today through Thursday
     morning for WVZ507-508.

&&

SYNOPSIS...PM
NEAR TERM...PM/RCS/SH
SHORT TERM...PM
LONG TERM...RR
AVIATION...PM/RCS/WP
EQUIPMENT...PM
Hazardous weather outlook, Feb 9, 3:14 PM EST, 12 hours 26 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
314 PM EST Tue Feb 9 2021

NCZ001>006-018>020-VAZ007-009>019-022>024-032>035-043>047-058-059-
WVZ042>044-102015-
Ashe-Alleghany NC-Surry-Stokes-Rockingham-Caswell-Watauga-Wilkes-
Yadkin-Tazewell-Smyth-Bland-Giles-Wythe-Pulaski-Montgomery-Grayson-
Carroll-Floyd-Craig-Alleghany VA-Roanoke-Botetourt-Rockbridge-
Patrick-Franklin-Bedford-Amherst-Henry-Pittsylvania-Campbell-
Appomattox-Buckingham-Halifax-Charlotte-Mercer-Summers-Monroe-
314 PM EST Tue Feb 9 2021

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for north central North Carolina,
northwest North Carolina, central Virginia, south central Virginia,
southwest Virginia, west central Virginia and southeast West
Virginia.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

No hazardous weather is expected at this time.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday.

A threat of winter precipitation arrives Thursday into early Friday.
Freezing rain, sleet, and snow are all possible.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

VAZ020-WVZ507-508-102015-
Bath-Eastern Greenbrier-Western Greenbrier-
314 PM EST Tue Feb 9 2021

...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH
THURSDAY MORNING...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for west central Virginia and
southeast West Virginia.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Hazardous weather is not expected at this time.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Winter Storm Watch.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Weather spotters are encouraged to report significant weather
conditions according to Standard Operating Procedures.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Blacksburg, VA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Feb 10, 3:40 AM ESTWinter Weather AdvisoryRNKAlleghany, Amherst, Bath, Rockbridge, City of Buena Vista, City of Covington and 1 more55 hr

Nearby

Winter Storm Watches in Virginia, 2021Winter Storm Watches in West Virginia, 2021Every winter storm watch in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.