Alert archive / Louisiana / Heat Advisories in 2021

Heat Advisory 23, NWS New Orleans, LA

September 4, 202113 parishes in Louisiana; Wilkinson County, Mississippi

NWS New Orleans, LA issued this heat advisory at Sep 4, 2021, 3:20 AM CDT for 13 parishes in Louisiana; Wilkinson County, Mississippi. It took effect at Sep 4, 2021, 10:00 AM CDT. It was in force for 8 hr.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Sep 4, 2021, 3:20 AM CDT (08:20 UTC)
In effect from
Sep 4, 2021, 10:00 AM CDT
Expired
Sep 4, 2021, 6:00 PM CDT
In force
8 hr
Issued by
NWS New Orleans, LA

Counties Assumption Parish, LA, East Baton Rouge Parish, LA, East Feliciana Parish, LA, Iberville Parish, LA, Orleans Parish, LA, Pointe Coupee Parish, LA, Saint Bernard Parish, LA, Saint Helena Parish, LA, Saint James Parish, LA, Saint John the Baptist Parish, LA, Saint Tammany Parish, LA, West Baton Rouge Parish, LA, West Feliciana Parish, LA, Wilkinson County, MS

The nearest sounding before it

Jackson, MS (KJAN), launched 00:00Z, 8.3 hours before the alert went out and 222 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 2021-09-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Jackson, MS at 00:00Z on 2021-09-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 21 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1646 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
6 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
21 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

188 
WWUS74 KLIX 040820
NPWLIX

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service New Orleans LA
Issued by National Weather Service Mobile AL
320 AM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

LAZ034>037-046>050-056>061-063>070-072-075>078-MSZ068-041700-
/O.NEW.KLIX.HT.Y.0023.210904T1500Z-210904T2300Z/
Pointe Coupee-West Feliciana-East Feliciana-St. Helena-Iberville-
West Baton Rouge-East Baton Rouge-Ascension-Livingston-Assumption-
St. James-St. John The Baptist-Upper Lafourche-St. Charles-
Upper Jefferson-Upper Plaquemines-Upper St. Bernard-
Upper Terrebonne-Lower Terrebonne-Lower Lafourche-Lower Jefferson-
Lower Plaquemines-Lower St. Bernard-Southern Tangipahoa-
Northwest St. Tammany-Southeast St. Tammany-Western Orleans-
Eastern Orleans-Wilkinson-
Including the cities of New Roads, Lettsworth, Livonia, Spillman,
St. Francisville, Wakefield, Jackson, Clinton, Felps, Darlington,
Easleyville, Greensburg, Montpelier, Bayou Sorrel, Plaquemine, 
White Castle, Port Allen, Addis, Brusly, Baton Rouge, Gonzales, 
Donaldsonville, Prairieville, Denham Springs, Watson, Walker, 
Pierre Part, Labadieville, Paincourtville, Convent, Lutcher, 
Gramercy, Laplace, Reserve, Thibodaux, Raceland, Larose, 
Destrehan, Norco, Metairie, Kenner, Belle Chasse, Chalmette, 
Violet, Houma, Bayou Cane, Chauvin, Cocodrie, Dulac, Montegut, 
Galliano, Cut Off, Golden Meadow, Leeville, Buras, 
Pointe A La Hache, Port Sulphur, Boothville, Venice, Empire, 
Myrtle Grove, Yscloskey, Hammond, Robert, Ponchatoula, 
Mandeville, Covington, Lacombe, Slidell, New Orleans, 
East New Orleans, Centreville, Dolorosa, Fort Adams, 
and Woodville
320 AM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM THIS MORNING TO 6 PM CDT
THIS EVENING...

* WHAT...Heat index values up to 102 expected.

* WHERE...Portions of southern Mississippi and southeast 
  Louisiana.

* WHEN...From 10 AM this morning to 6 PM CDT this evening.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat 
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$
3 follow-up statements
381 
WWUS74 KLIX 041646
NPWLIX

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service New Orleans LA
Issued by National Weather Service Mobile AL
1146 AM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

LAZ034>037-046>050-056>061-063>070-072-075>078-MSZ068-042300-
/O.CON.KLIX.HT.Y.0023.000000T0000Z-210904T2300Z/
Pointe Coupee-West Feliciana-East Feliciana-St. Helena-Iberville-
West Baton Rouge-East Baton Rouge-Ascension-Livingston-Assumption-
St. James-St. John The Baptist-Upper Lafourche-St. Charles-
Upper Jefferson-Upper Plaquemines-Upper St. Bernard-
Upper Terrebonne-Lower Terrebonne-Lower Lafourche-Lower Jefferson-
Lower Plaquemines-Lower St. Bernard-Southern Tangipahoa-
Northwest St. Tammany-Southeast St. Tammany-Western Orleans-
Eastern Orleans-Wilkinson-
Including the cities of New Roads, Lettsworth, Livonia, Spillman,
St. Francisville, Wakefield, Jackson, Clinton, Felps, Darlington,
Easleyville, Greensburg, Montpelier, Bayou Sorrel, Plaquemine, 
White Castle, Port Allen, Addis, Brusly, Baton Rouge, Gonzales, 
Donaldsonville, Prairieville, Denham Springs, Watson, Walker, 
Pierre Part, Labadieville, Paincourtville, Convent, Lutcher, 
Gramercy, Laplace, Reserve, Thibodaux, Raceland, Larose, 
Destrehan, Norco, Metairie, Kenner, Belle Chasse, Chalmette, 
Violet, Houma, Bayou Cane, Chauvin, Cocodrie, Dulac, Montegut, 
Galliano, Cut Off, Golden Meadow, Leeville, Buras, 
Pointe A La Hache, Port Sulphur, Boothville, Venice, Empire, 
Myrtle Grove, Yscloskey, Hammond, Robert, Ponchatoula, 
Mandeville, Covington, Lacombe, Slidell, New Orleans, 
East New Orleans, Centreville, Dolorosa, Fort Adams, 
and Woodville
1146 AM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CDT THIS EVENING...

* WHAT...Heat index values 100 to 105 expected.

* WHERE...Portions of southern Mississippi and southeast 
  Louisiana.

* WHEN...From 10 AM this morning to 6 PM CDT this evening.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat 
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$
379 
WWUS74 KLIX 042028
NPWLIX

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service New Orleans LA
Issued by National Weather Service Mobile AL
328 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

LAZ034>037-046>050-056>061-063>067-072-075>078-MSZ068-050500-
/O.NEW.KLIX.HT.Y.0024.210905T1500Z-210905T2300Z/
/O.CON.KLIX.HT.Y.0023.000000T0000Z-210904T2300Z/
Pointe Coupee-West Feliciana-East Feliciana-St. Helena-Iberville-
West Baton Rouge-East Baton Rouge-Ascension-Livingston-Assumption-
St. James-St. John The Baptist-Upper Lafourche-St. Charles-
Upper Jefferson-Upper Plaquemines-Upper St. Bernard-
Upper Terrebonne-Lower Terrebonne-Lower Lafourche-
Southern Tangipahoa-Northwest St. Tammany-Southeast St. Tammany-
Western Orleans-Eastern Orleans-Wilkinson-
Including the cities of New Roads, Lettsworth, Livonia, Spillman,
St. Francisville, Wakefield, Jackson, Clinton, Felps, Darlington,
Easleyville, Greensburg, Montpelier, Bayou Sorrel, Plaquemine, 
White Castle, Port Allen, Addis, Brusly, Baton Rouge, Gonzales, 
Donaldsonville, Prairieville, Denham Springs, Watson, Walker, 
Pierre Part, Labadieville, Paincourtville, Convent, Lutcher, 
Gramercy, Laplace, Reserve, Thibodaux, Raceland, Larose, 
Destrehan, Norco, Metairie, Kenner, Belle Chasse, Chalmette, 
Violet, Houma, Bayou Cane, Chauvin, Cocodrie, Dulac, Montegut, 
Galliano, Cut Off, Golden Meadow, Leeville, Hammond, Robert, 
Ponchatoula, Mandeville, Covington, Lacombe, Slidell, 
New Orleans, East New Orleans, Centreville, Dolorosa, Fort Adams,
and Woodville
328 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CDT THIS EVENING...
...HEAT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 6 PM CDT SUNDAY...

* WHAT...Maximum heat index values ranging between 100 and 105
  degrees.

* WHERE...Portions of southern Mississippi and southeast 
  Louisiana.

* WHEN...Heat Advisory in effect until 6 PM CDT this evening, and
  again from 10 AM to 6 PM CDT Sunday.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$

LAZ039-071-MSZ069>071-077-050500-
/O.NEW.KLIX.HT.Y.0024.210905T1500Z-210905T2300Z/
Washington-Northern Tangipahoa-Amite-Pike-Walthall-Pearl River-
Including the cities of Bogalusa, Enon, Franklinton, Amite, 
Kentwood, Roseland, Wilmer, Gillsberg, Gloster, Smithdale, 
Liberty, McComb, Dexter, Salem, Tylertown, Crossroads, McNeil, 
Poplarville, and Picayune
328 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 6 PM CDT SUNDAY...

* WHAT...Heat index values up to around 102 degrees expected.

* WHERE...In Mississippi, Amite, Pike, Walthall and Pearl River 
  Counties. In Louisiana, Washington and Northern Tangipahoa 
  Parishes.

* WHEN...From 10 AM to 6 PM CDT Sunday.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat 
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$

LAZ068>070-042300-
/O.CON.KLIX.HT.Y.0023.000000T0000Z-210904T2300Z/
Lower Jefferson-Lower Plaquemines-Lower St. Bernard-
Including the cities of Buras, Pointe A La Hache, Port Sulphur, 
Boothville, Venice, Empire, Myrtle Grove, and Yscloskey
328 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM CDT THIS EVENING...

* WHAT...Heat index values around 102 degrees expected.

* WHERE...Portions of southeast Louisiana.

* WHEN...Until 6 PM CDT this evening.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat 
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$
897 
WWUS74 KLIX 042322
NPWLIX

URGENT - WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service New Orleans LA
Issued by National Weather Service Mobile AL
622 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

LAZ034>037-046>050-056>061-063>067-072-075>078-MSZ068-050800-
/O.EXP.KLIX.HT.Y.0023.000000T0000Z-210904T2300Z/
/O.CON.KLIX.HT.Y.0024.210905T1500Z-210905T2300Z/
Pointe Coupee-West Feliciana-East Feliciana-St. Helena-Iberville-
West Baton Rouge-East Baton Rouge-Ascension-Livingston-Assumption-
St. James-St. John The Baptist-Upper Lafourche-St. Charles-
Upper Jefferson-Upper Plaquemines-Upper St. Bernard-
Upper Terrebonne-Lower Terrebonne-Lower Lafourche-
Southern Tangipahoa-Northwest St. Tammany-Southeast St. Tammany-
Western Orleans-Eastern Orleans-Wilkinson-
Including the cities of New Roads, Lettsworth, Livonia, Spillman,
St. Francisville, Wakefield, Jackson, Clinton, Felps, Darlington,
Easleyville, Greensburg, Montpelier, Bayou Sorrel, Plaquemine, 
White Castle, Port Allen, Addis, Brusly, Baton Rouge, Gonzales, 
Donaldsonville, Prairieville, Denham Springs, Watson, Walker, 
Pierre Part, Labadieville, Paincourtville, Convent, Lutcher, 
Gramercy, Laplace, Reserve, Thibodaux, Raceland, Larose, 
Destrehan, Norco, Metairie, Kenner, Belle Chasse, Chalmette, 
Violet, Houma, Bayou Cane, Chauvin, Cocodrie, Dulac, Montegut, 
Galliano, Cut Off, Golden Meadow, Leeville, Hammond, Robert, 
Ponchatoula, Mandeville, Covington, Lacombe, Slidell, 
New Orleans, East New Orleans, Centreville, Dolorosa, Fort Adams,
and Woodville
622 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 6 PM CDT
SUNDAY...

* WHAT...Maximum heat index values ranging between 100 and 105 
  degrees.

* WHERE...Portions of southern Mississippi and southeast 
  Louisiana.

* WHEN...From 10 AM to 6 PM CDT Sunday.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat 
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$

LAZ068>070-050030-
/O.EXP.KLIX.HT.Y.0023.000000T0000Z-210904T2300Z/
Lower Jefferson-Lower Plaquemines-Lower St. Bernard-
Including the cities of Buras, Pointe A La Hache, Port Sulphur, 
Boothville, Venice, Empire, Myrtle Grove, and Yscloskey
622 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY HAS EXPIRED...

As the sun sets, temperatures will decrease. Therefore, the Heat 
Advisory was allowed to expire.

$$

LAZ039-071-MSZ069>071-077-050800-
/O.CON.KLIX.HT.Y.0024.210905T1500Z-210905T2300Z/
Washington-Northern Tangipahoa-Amite-Pike-Walthall-Pearl River-
Including the cities of Bogalusa, Enon, Franklinton, Amite, 
Kentwood, Roseland, Wilmer, Gillsberg, Gloster, Smithdale, 
Liberty, McComb, Dexter, Salem, Tylertown, Crossroads, McNeil, 
Poplarville, and Picayune
622 PM CDT Sat Sep 4 2021

...HEAT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 10 AM TO 6 PM CDT
SUNDAY...

* WHAT...Heat index values up to around 102 degrees expected.

* WHERE...In Mississippi, Pike, Pearl River, Walthall and Amite 
  Counties. In Louisiana, Northern Tangipahoa and Washington 
  Parishes.

* WHEN...From 10 AM to 6 PM CDT Sunday.

* IMPACTS...Hot temperatures and high humidity may cause heat 
  illnesses to occur.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out
of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors. Young
children and pets should never be left unattended in vehicles
under any circumstances.

Take extra precautions if you work or spend time outside. When
possible reschedule strenuous activities to early morning or
evening. Know the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat
stroke. Wear lightweight and loose fitting clothing when
possible. To reduce risk during outdoor work, the Occupational
Safety and Health Administration recommends scheduling frequent
rest breaks in shaded or air conditioned environments. Anyone
overcome by heat should be moved to a cool and shaded location.
Heat stroke is an emergency! Call 9 1 1.

&&

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this heat advisory went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS New Orleans, LA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this heat advisory went out at Sep 3, 11:17 PM CDT, 4 hours 3 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Sep 3, 11:17 PM CDT, 4 hours 3 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service New Orleans LA
Issued by National Weather Service Mobile AL
1117 PM CDT Fri Sep 3 2021

.NEAR TERM (Now through Sunday)...Convection has ended for the
evening, but a few isolated convective cells could be possible
down near the coast and Gulf waters late tonight into early
Saturday morning.

Saturday through Sunday we expect relatively little change to
overall sensible weather. Upper level high pressure centered over
northern LA early Saturday will weaken slightly through Sunday,
but elongate west-east and be centered more over southern LA by
late Sunday. Subsidence from this high pressure will maintain the
mostly dry and hot pattern over the area through the weekend. Only
a slight chance for showers and thunderstorms, primarily over the
southern portions of the forecast area (south of I-10) on Saturday
and then across the entire area on Sunday. Low end chance PoPs
(about 30 percent) may be possible over western portions of the
forecast area on Sunday. Convective pattern will continue to be
diurnal in nature, mostly during afternoon and evening hours and
diminishing overnight. Continued hot, with daytime max temps
mainly in the lower 90s, except upper 80s down near the mouth of
the Mississippi River. With afternoon dew point temperatures
expected to remain in the 70s, will again have to monitor for the
possibility of another Heat Advisory (especially over western
zones) on Saturday and perhaps again on Sunday as well. Nighttime
low temperatures Saturday night mainly in the low to mid 70s, with
a few upper 70s for coastal areas. /12

&&

.AVIATION (06Z TAF)...VFR conditions are expected to prevail
through the period. There may be some very isolated areas of
light, patchy fog late tonight into very early Saturday morning,
but at this time did not include in TAF's. Shower and thunderstorm
activity has ended across the area late this evening, but a few
isolated convective cells could be possible down along the coast
late tonight into Saturday morning, then an isolated shower or
storm will again be possible on Saturday afternoon and early
evening, especially over southern and southeast parishes. Light
and variable winds tonight and early on Saturday, but becoming a
little more predominately southerly closer to the Gulf and coastal
areas on Saturday afternoon then light and variable once again
into Saturday evening. /12

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
MCB  90  70  91  70 /  10   0  10   0
BTR  90  71  91  72 /  20   0  10   0
ASD  92  72  91  72 /  10   0  20   0
MSY  93  76  92  76 /  20   0  20   0
GPT  90  73  87  74 /  10   0  20   0
PQL  90  71  89  72 /  10  10  20  10

&&

.LIX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
LA...None.
GM...None.
MS...None.
GM...None.
&&

The office that day

Everything else NWS New Orleans, LA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 4, 3:28 PM CDTHeat AdvisoryLIXAssumption, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Iberville, Orleans, Pointe Coupee and 9 more27 hr

Nearby

Heat Advisories in Louisiana, 2021Heat Advisories in Mississippi, 2021Every heat advisory in 2021

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.