Alert archive / Michigan / Winter Storm Warnings in 2020

Winter Storm Warning 2, NWS Northern Indiana

December 24, 2020Cass County, Michigan

NWS Northern Indiana issued this winter storm warning at Dec 24, 2020, 3:15 AM EST for Cass County, Michigan. It took effect at Dec 24, 2020, 4:00 PM EST. It was in force for 23 hr. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Dec 24, 2020, 3:15 AM EST (08:15 UTC)
In effect from
Dec 24, 2020, 4:00 PM EST
Expired
Dec 25, 2020, 2:30 PM EST
In force
23 hr
Issued by
NWS Northern Indiana

County Cass County, MI

The radar

The Northern Indiana radar (KIWX), 66 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 08:14 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Dec 25, 8:15 AM ESTSNOW 12 Se Juno Lake, MICOCORAHS STATION MI-CS-11 CASSOPOLIS 9.0 SSE.
Dec 25, 9:00 AM ESTSNOW 6.8Barron Lake, MICOCORAHS STATION MI-CS-5 NILES 3.5 E.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

The nearest sounding before it

Detroit, MI (KDTX), launched 00:00Z, 8.3 hours before the alert went out and 229 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2020-12-24Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Detroit, MI at 00:00Z on 2020-12-24The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 598 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1105 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
57 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
598 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
654 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

247 
WWUS43 KIWX 240815
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
Issued by National Weather Service Indianapolis IN
315 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

MIZ077-078-241615-
/O.UPG.KIWX.WS.A.0003.201224T1800Z-201226T0000Z/
/O.NEW.KIWX.WS.W.0002.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
315 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM THIS AFTERNOON TO
4 PM EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 5 to 10
  inches.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Travel could be very difficult. Hazardous conditions
  will impact the evening commute and holiday travel.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow is expected to begin late
  this afternoon and continue through Friday morning before 
  tapering off on Friday afternoon. Significant accumulations will
  result in snow covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency. 

&&

$$

INZ003-004-241615-
/O.UPG.KIWX.WS.A.0003.201225T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
/O.EXB.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
315 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020 /215 AM CST Thu Dec 24 2020/

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/
THIS AFTERNOON TO 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Snow expected. Total snow accumulations of up to 5 
  inches.

* WHERE...La Porte and St. Joseph IN Counties.

* WHEN...From 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ this afternoon to 4 PM EST /3 
  PM CST/ Friday.

* IMPACTS...Travel could become difficult this afternoon and
  tonight. The hazardous conditions will impact travel Christmas 
  Day.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Snow amounts may vary greatly across La
  Porte and St. Joseph counties. Northern parts of the
  counties...along and north of the Indiana Toll Road are likely
  to see the larger amounts of snow. Lesser amounts of snow are
  expected in the southern parts of these counties. 
  
  Lake Effect snow is expected to begin late this afternoon and 
  continue through Friday morning before tapering off on Friday 
  afternoon. Significant accumulations will result in snow 
  covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. 

&&

$$

INZ005-MIZ079-241615-
/O.EXT.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, Nappanee, Sturgis, 
Three Rivers, White Pigeon, and Mendon
315 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM THIS AFTERNOON
TO 4 PM EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Occasional moderate snow and poor visibility due to 
  snow and wind. Snow accumulations of 2 to 4 inches.

* WHERE...In Indiana, Elkhart County. In Michigan, St. Joseph MI 
  County.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions will impact travel on Christmas Day.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow is expected to begin late
  this afternoon and continue through Friday morning before 
  tapering off on Friday afternoon. Significant accumulations will
  result in snow covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. 

&&

$$

Puma
7 follow-up statements
506 
WWUS43 KIWX 241515
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
Issued by National Weather Service Indianapolis IN
1015 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

INZ003-004-242315-
/O.UPG.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
/O.EXA.KIWX.WS.W.0002.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
1015 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020 /915 AM CST Thu Dec 24 2020/

...WINTER STORM WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ THIS
AFTERNOON TO 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 3 to 8
  inches with locally higher amounts up to 10 inches near the
  Indiana Toll Road.

* WHERE...La Porte and St. Joseph IN Counties.

* WHEN...From 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ this afternoon to 4 PM EST /3 
  PM CST/ Friday.

* IMPACTS...Travel could be very difficult. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Snow amounts may vary greatly across La
  Porte and St. Joseph counties. Northern parts of the
  counties...along and north of the Indiana Toll Road are likely
  to see the larger amounts of snow. Lesser amounts of snow are
  expected in the southern parts of these counties. 

  Lake Effect snow is expected to begin late this afternoon and 
  continue through Friday morning before tapering off on Friday
  afternoon. Significant accumulations will result in snow 
 covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency. 

&&

$$

MIZ077-078-242315-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
1015 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM THIS
AFTERNOON TO 4 PM EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 6 to 12
  inches with locally higher amounts up to 15 inches.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Travel could be very difficult. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow is expected to begin late
  this afternoon and continue through Friday morning before 
  tapering off on Friday afternoon. Significant accumulations will
  result in snow covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency. 

&&

$$

INZ005-MIZ079-242315-
/O.CON.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, Nappanee, Sturgis, 
Three Rivers, White Pigeon, and Mendon
1015 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 4 PM THIS
AFTERNOON TO 4 PM EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 2 to 5 
  inches.

* WHERE...In Indiana, Elkhart County. In Michigan, St. Joseph MI 
  County.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions. The hazardous 
  conditions could impact the morning or evening commute.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow is expected to begin late
  this afternoon and continue through Friday morning before 
  tapering off on Friday afternoon. Significant accumulations will
  result in snow covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. 

&&

$$

Ryan
564 
WWUS43 KIWX 241940
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
240 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

MIZ077-078-250900-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
240 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 6 to 
  12 inches with locally higher amounts up to 15 inches.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Travel could become very difficult. The hazardous
  conditions will impact holiday travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and
  intensify this evening and continue through Friday morning 
  before tapering off on Friday afternoon. Significant 
  accumulations will result in snow covered roads and difficult 
  driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

INZ003-004-250900-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
240 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020 /140 PM CST Thu Dec 24 2020/

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST /3 PM
CST/ FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 3 to 8 
  inches with locally higher amounts up to 10 inches near the 
  Indiana Toll Road.

* WHERE...La Porte and St. Joseph IN Counties.

* WHEN...From 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ this afternoon to 4 PM EST /3 
  PM CST/ Friday.

* IMPACTS...Travel could be very difficult. The hazardous
  conditions will impact holiday travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and
  intensify this evening and continue through Friday morning 
  before tapering off on Friday afternoon. Significant 
  accumulations will result in snow covered roads and difficult 
  driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

INZ005-MIZ079-250900-
/O.CON.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.201224T2100Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, Nappanee, Sturgis, 
Three Rivers, White Pigeon, and Mendon
240 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST
FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 2 to 5 
  inches.

* WHERE...In Indiana, Elkhart County. In Michigan, St. Joseph MI 
  County.

* WHEN...From 4 PM this afternoon to 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions overnight and Friday.
  The hazardous conditions will impact holiday travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and
  intensify this evening and continue through Friday morning
  before tapering off on Friday afternoon. Moderate snow 
  accumulations will result in snow covered roads and difficult 
  driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling.

&&

$$
680 
WWUS43 KIWX 250429
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
1129 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

MIZ077-078-251230-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
1129 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 6 to 
  12 inches with locally higher amounts up to 15 inches.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and 
  intensify overnight and become heavy at times. Local snowfall 
  rates of up to 2 inches per hour are expected. The lake effect 
  snow will continue through Friday morning before tapering off 
  Friday afternoon. Significant accumulations will result in snow 
  covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency. 

&&

$$

INZ003-004-251230-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
1129 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020 /1029 PM CST Thu Dec 24 2020/

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST /3 PM
CST/ FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 3 to 8 
  inches with locally higher amounts up to 10 inches near the 
  Indiana Toll Road.

* WHERE...La Porte and St. Joseph IN Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and 
  intensify overnight. Local snowfall rates of up to 1 inch per 
  hour are expected. The lake effect snow will continue through 
  Friday morning before tapering off Friday afternoon. Significant
  accumulations will result in snow covered roads and difficult 
  driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency. 

&&

$$

INZ005-MIZ079-251230-
/O.CON.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, Nappanee, Sturgis, 
Three Rivers, White Pigeon, and Mendon
1129 PM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST
FRIDAY...

* WHAT...Snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 2 to 5 
  inches.

* WHERE...In Indiana, Elkhart County. In Michigan, St. Joseph MI 
  County.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions overnight and 
  Friday. The hazardous conditions will impact holiday travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and
  intensify overnight. Local snowfall rates of up to 1 inch per
  hour are expected. Lake effect snow will continue through Friday
  morning before tapering off Friday afternoon. Moderate snow 
  accumulations will result in snow covered roads and difficult 
  driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling. 

&&

$$
276 
WWUS43 KIWX 250824
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
324 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

MIZ077-078-251630-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
324 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 6 to 
  12 inches with locally higher amounts up to 15 inches.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will continue to
  move inland this morning over far southwest Lower Michigan into
  northwest Indiana with snowfall rates of up to 2 inches per hour
  in the heavier showers. Snow showers will diminish this
  afternoon with just light snow showers or flurries tonight.
  Significant accumulations will result in snow covered roads and
  difficult driving conditions throughout today.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

INZ003-004-251630-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
324 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020 /224 AM CST Fri Dec 25 2020/

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST /3 PM
CST/ THIS AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 3 to 8 
  inches with locally higher amounts up to 10 inches near the 
  Indiana Toll Road.

* WHERE...La Porte and St. Joseph IN Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and
  intensify early this morning with snowfall rates of up to 1 inch
  per hour. Significant accumulations will result in snow covered
  roads and difficult driving conditions throughout today, even
  after snow showers diminish this afternoon.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

INZ005-MIZ079-251630-
/O.CON.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, Nappanee, Sturgis, 
Three Rivers, White Pigeon, and Mendon
324 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 2 to 5 
  inches.

* WHERE...In Indiana, Elkhart County. In Michigan, St. Joseph MI 
  County.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions today that will
  effect holiday travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand and
  intensify early this morning with snowfall rates of up to 1 inch
  per hour. Moderate snow accumulations will result in snow
  covered roads and difficult driving conditions even after snow
  showers diminish this afternoon.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling.

&&

$$
701 
WWUS43 KIWX 251335
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
835 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

MIZ077-078-252100-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
835 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 6 to 
  12 inches with locally higher amounts up to 15 inches.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will continue over
  southwest Lower Michigan with snowfall rates of up to 1 inch per
  hour in the heavier showers this morning. Snow showers will
  diminish quickly in intensity and coverage this afternoon. 
  Significant accumulations will result in snow covered roads and 
  difficult driving conditions throughout today.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

INZ003-004-252100-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
835 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020 /735 AM CST Fri Dec 25 2020/

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST /3 PM
CST/ THIS AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Heavy snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 3 to 10
  inches with locally higher amounts up to 15 inches in northern St
  Joseph county.

* WHERE...La Porte and St. Joseph IN Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST /3 PM CST/ Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will continue over
  northwest Indiana with snowfall rates up to to 1 inch per hour 
  in the heavier showers this morning. Snow showers will diminish 
  quickly in intensity and coverage this afternoon. Significant 
  accumulations will result in snow covered roads and difficult 
  driving conditions throughout today.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

INZ005-MIZ079-252100-
/O.CON.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, Nappanee, Sturgis, 
Three Rivers, White Pigeon, and Mendon
835 AM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Snow expected. Total snow accumulations of 1 to 4 inches.
  Heaviest west of US131 in Michigan and SR13 in Indiana.

* WHERE...In Indiana, Elkhart County. In Michigan, St. Joseph MI 
  County.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...Plan on slippery road conditions today that will 
  effect holiday travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Lake Effect snow bands will expand eastward
  this morning with morning with snowfall rates of up to 1/2 inch
  per hour. Moderate snow accumulations will result in snow
  covered roads and difficult driving conditions.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling.

&&

$$
400 
WWUS43 KIWX 251812
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
112 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

INZ003-004-251915-
/O.CAN.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
Including the cities of Michigan City, La Porte, South Bend, 
Mishawaka, New Carlisle, and Walkerton
112 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020 /1212 PM CST Fri Dec 25 2020/

...WINTER STORM WARNING IS CANCELLED...

The threat for additional significant snow accumulation has ended.
Untreated roads across northern St Joseph county will remain a
hazard this afternoon.

$$

INZ005-251915-
/O.CAN.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Elkhart-
Including the cities of Elkhart, Goshen, and Nappanee
112 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IS CANCELLED...

The threat for additional significant snow accumulation has 
ended.

$$

MIZ077-078-252100-
/O.CON.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
112 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Snow showers will diminish in intensity and coverage
  through 4 pm EST. Additional accumulations of 1 to 2 inches are
  possible, highest in eastern Cass county.

* WHERE...Berrien and Cass MI Counties.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous road conditions will impact holiday 
  travelers.

* ADDITIONAL DETAILS...Difficult driving conditions are expected
  on untreated roadways.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If you must travel, keep an extra flashlight, food, and water in
your vehicle in case of an emergency.

&&

$$

MIZ079-252100-
/O.CON.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Sturgis, Three Rivers, White Pigeon, 
and Mendon
112 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EST THIS
AFTERNOON...

* WHAT...Snow showers will diminish in intensity and coverage
  through 4 pm EST. Additional accumulations up to 1 inch are
  possible, highest in western St Joseph county.

* WHERE...In Michigan, St. Joseph MI County.

* WHEN...Until 4 PM EST Friday.

* IMPACTS...The hazardous road conditions will impact holiday
  travelers.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Slow down and use caution while traveling.

&&

$$
319 
WWUS43 KIWX 251930
WSWIWX

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
230 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

MIZ077-078-252030-
/O.CAN.KIWX.WS.W.0002.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
Berrien-Cass MI-
Including the cities of Niles, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, 
Fair Plain, Benton Heights, Buchanan, Paw Paw Lake, Dowagiac, 
Cassopolis, and Marcellus
230 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER STORM WARNING IS CANCELLED...

The threat for additional significant snow accmulation has ended. Untreated
roads will remain a hazard with difficult travel in some areas.

$$

MIZ079-252030-
/O.CAN.KIWX.WW.Y.0013.000000T0000Z-201225T2100Z/
St. Joseph MI-
Including the cities of Sturgis, Three Rivers, White Pigeon, 
and Mendon
230 PM EST Fri Dec 25 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IS CANCELLED...

The threat for additional significant snow accmulation has ended. Untreated
roads will remain a hazard.


$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this winter storm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Northern Indiana wrote its last area forecast discussion before this winter storm warning went out at Dec 24, 2:30 AM EST, 45 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Dec 24, 2:30 AM EST, 45 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
Issued by National Weather Service Indianapolis IN
230 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

.SYNOPSIS...
Issued at 230 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

A strong cold front will exit the region this morning. Allowing
high pressure and very cold air to arrive tonight and on
Christmas. The cold air and warm Lake Michigan temperatures will
result in the development of accumulating lake effect snow tonight
across southwest Michigan and Northwest Indiana. Thus snow will be
expected downwind from Lake Michigan through Christmas.

High pressure is expected to settle across the Deep south on
Friday Night. This will bring an end to any snow as relatively
warmer air arrives across Michiana...resulting in dry weather for
Friday Night through the rest of the weekend.

Chances for precipitation are expected to return on Sunday night
and again on Wednesday as a pair of weather systems are expected
to push through the Great Lakes.

&&

.SHORT TERM...(Today and Saturday Night)
Issued at 230 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

Surface analysis early this morning shows a strong cold front
stretching across Central MI...eastern Indiana to Central KY. The
front extended from deep low pressure over Lake Superior. Radar
shows rain showers exiting the area and broad cyclonic flow was
filling in across the region. GOES16 shows extensive cloud cover
across the region. Aloft a deep trough was in place over the
upper midwest stretching to the southern plains. Very cold air
was found upstream over the upper midwest with surface temps in
the single digits or lower.

Ongoing cold air advection is expected today a showing 850mb temps
falling to near -20C by tonight. This sets up a very favorable
situation fro LE snow with favorable deltaTs. As cold air arrives
this afternoon forecast soundings downwind of Lake michigan
suggest favorable moisture and instability. Best fetch however
does not appear to begin until near 00Z as the mean lower level
wind becomes more westerly. HRRR suggests LE snow development by
late afternoon with the arrival of cold air. Thus will trend
toward a cloudy sky morning with a stray flurry possible within
the cyclonic flow but the main accumulating snow downwind of the
lake starting this afternoon. Given our strong cold air advection
will trend for steady or slowly falling temps through the day.

Tonight forecast soundings suggest West winds initially before
shifting to the northwest by Friday morning. This should result in
widespread cellular lake effect snows downwind of LM...mainly for
Barrien and Cass counties initially. As the wind field shifts
more northwesterly overnight...snows should shift southeast.

On Friday the dome of cold air shifts to east and delta T's rise
to unfavorable levels for LES. This should be a slow progression
of the end of LES during the day on Friday. ECMWF shows strong ridging in place
across the western plains states and NW flow with subsidence will
be in play.

When Complete...Accumulations should be in excess of 6 inches in
Barrien and Cass counties...thus will upgrade to warning there.
With lesser amounts expected south and farther downwind.
Will hold onto advisory for now at those spots.

By Friday Night ECMWF shows strong ridging in place across the
western plains states and NW flow with subsidence will be in play.
Forecast soundings show a very dry column in place on Friday
Night through Saturday night with subsidence and trapped
stratocu. Thus will continue with mostly cloudy skies and given
the stratocu...a stray flurry cannot be ruled out.

&&

.LONG TERM...(Sunday through Wednesday)
Issued at 230 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

A northern stream upper trough will move across the area Sunday
night into Monday, with a surface low moving just northwest of the
area. Moisture will be a concern with this system though. Will just
go with some low PoPs mainly Sunday evening for now. At the moment
it appears that rain would be the primary precipitation type, but
some snow may mix in if temperatures cool enough.

High pressure and a brief period of upper ridging will then provide
dry weather for Monday and into much of Tuesday.

An upper level low and surface low pressure system will then
approach the area to end the long term. Differences remain in the
speed of the system, which leads to higher uncertainty on PoPs. Warm
advection ahead of the system could bring some light precipitation
as early as Tuesday afternoon, but confidence is low. By
Wednesday though, the system will be close enough for chance
category PoPs.

How fast the precipitation moves in will determine precipitation
type as cold air will rule still on Tuesday. Will have snow for now
on Tuesday afternoon into Wednesday morning, then when the highest
PoPs arrive for Wednesday, will go with chances for rain and snow as
warmer air moves in.

&&

.AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Thursday Night)
Issued at 1209 AM EST Thu Dec 24 2020

Strong prefrontal flow through early morning hours with sufficient
mixing depth to preclude wind shear mention. Low level jet focus
also continues to shift eastward through the Lower Great Lakes this
morning. Sharp frontal passage near daybreak as frontal band quickly
shifts east through northern Indiana.  While only 20-30 degrees
veering, sharp cold air advection maintains with surface
temperatures falling through the day. With time, diminishing cloud
bearing wind and better, albeit initially fair microphysics,
multiband lake effect snow event begins late in forecast period at
KSBN. KFWA focus primarily on high sustained winds/gusts through
midday, followed by veering/diminishing with VFR conditions expected
to prevail.

&&

.IWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
IN...Winter Storm Watch from this evening through Friday afternoon
     for INZ003-004.

     Winter Weather Advisory from 7 PM this evening to 4 PM EST
     Friday for INZ005.

MI...Winter Storm Watch from this afternoon through Friday evening
     for MIZ077-078.

     Winter Weather Advisory from 7 PM this evening to 4 PM EST
     Friday for MIZ079.

OH...NONE.
LM...Gale Warning until 7 AM EST this morning for LMZ043-046.

&&

SYNOPSIS...Puma
SHORT TERM...Puma
LONG TERM...Swain
AVIATION...Marsili/50

Visit us at www.weather.gov/iwx

Follow us on Facebook...Twitter...and YouTube at:
www.facebook.com/NWSNorthernIndiana
www.twitter.com/nwsiwx
www.youtube.com/NWSNorthernIndiana
Hazardous weather outlook, Dec 23, 3:13 PM EST, 12 hours 2 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020

INZ006>009-016>018-023>027-032>034-MIZ080-081-OHZ001-002-004-005-015-
016-024-025-241000-
Lagrange-Steuben-Noble-De Kalb-Kosciusko-Whitley-Allen IN-Miami-
Wabash-Huntington-Wells-Adams-Grant-Blackford-Jay-Branch-Hillsdale-
Williams-Fulton OH-Defiance-Henry-Paulding-Putnam-Van Wert-Allen OH-
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northern Indiana, southwest
Michigan and northwest Ohio.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Wind gusts from the south of 30 to 40 miles per hour are expected
today. Rain changes to brief snow overnight. Little to no snow
accumulation is expected.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Sharply colder with wind chills in the single digits on Thursday and
near zero Thursday night. Lake effect snow will result in areas of
hazardous travel conditions north of US 30 Thursday night through
Christmas Day.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

INZ012>015-020-022-241000-
Starke-Pulaski-Marshall-Fulton IN-White-Cass IN-
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020 /213 PM CST Wed Dec 23 2020/

...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM EST /10 PM CST/ THIS
EVENING...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northern Indiana.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Wind Advisory.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Sharply colder with wind chills in the single digits on Thursday and
near zero Thursday night. Lake effect snow will result in areas of
hazardous travel conditions north of US 30 Thursday night through
Christmas Day.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

INZ005-MIZ079-241000-
Elkhart-St. Joseph MI-
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 7 PM THURSDAY TO 4 PM EST
FRIDAY...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northern Indiana and
southwest Michigan.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Wind gusts from the south of 30 to 40 miles per hour are expected
today. Rain changes to brief snow overnight. Little to no snow
accumulation is expected.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Winter Weather Advisory.

Sharply colder with wind chills in the single digits on Thursday and
near zero Thursday night. Lake effect snow will result in areas of
hazardous travel conditions Thursday night through Christmas Day.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

MIZ077-078-241000-
Berrien-Cass MI-
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020

...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH
FRIDAY EVENING...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for southwest Michigan.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Wind gusts from the south of 30 to 40 miles per hour are expected
today. Rain changes to brief snow overnight. Little to no snow
accumulation is expected.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Winter Storm Watch.

Sharply colder with wind chills in the single digits on Thursday and
near zero Thursday night. Lake effect snow will result in areas of
hazardous travel conditions Thursday afternoon through Christmas
Day.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

INZ003-004-241000-
La Porte-St. Joseph IN-
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020 /213 PM CST Wed Dec 23 2020/

...WIND ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM EST /10 PM CST/ THIS
EVENING...
...WINTER STORM WATCH IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY EVENING THROUGH FRIDAY
AFTERNOON...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northern Indiana.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Wind Advisory.

Rain changes to brief snow overnight. Little to no snow
accumulation is expected.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Winter Storm Watch.

Sharply colder with wind chills in the single digits on Thursday and
near zero Thursday night. Lake effect snow will result in areas of
hazardous travel conditions Thursday evening through Christmas Day.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

LMZ043-046-241000-
New Buffalo MI to St Joseph MI-Michigan City IN to New Buffalo MI-
313 PM EST Wed Dec 23 2020

...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 AM EST THURSDAY...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for the nearshore waters of
southeastern Lake Michigan.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Gale Warning.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Conditions hazardous to small craft are likely Thursday and Friday.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Northern Indiana issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 24, 6:32 AM ESTSmall Craft AdvisoryIWX57 hr

Nearby

Winter Storm Warnings in Michigan, 2020Winter Storm Warnings in Indiana, 2020Every winter storm warning in 2020

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.