Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Mesoscale Discussions in 2018

Mesoscale Discussion 984

July 2, 20185 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this mesoscale discussion at Jul 2, 2018, 1:03 PM EDT for 5 states. It was in force for 72 min.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 2, 2018, 1:03 PM EDT (17:03 UTC)
Expired
Jul 2, 2018, 2:15 PM EDT
In force
72 min
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Chance of a watch
40%
All 54 counties

Allegany County, MD, Garrett County, MD, Washington County, MD, Allegany County, NY, Cayuga County, NY, Chemung County, NY, Cortland County, NY, Livingston County, NY, Onondaga County, NY, Ontario County, NY, Schuyler County, NY, Seneca County, NY, Steuben County, NY, Tioga County, NY, Tompkins County, NY, Wayne County, NY, Yates County, NY, Adams County, PA, Bedford County, PA, Blair County, PA, Bradford County, PA, Cambria County, PA, Cameron County, PA, Centre County, PA, Clearfield County, PA, Clinton County, PA, Cumberland County, PA, Elk County, PA, Franklin County, PA, Fulton County, PA, Huntingdon County, PA, Juniata County, PA, Lycoming County, PA, McKean County, PA, Mifflin County, PA, Montour County, PA, Northumberland County, PA, Perry County, PA, Potter County, PA, Snyder County, PA, Somerset County, PA, Sullivan County, PA, Tioga County, PA, Union County, PA, City of Winchester, VA, Clarke County, VA, Frederick County, VA, Berkeley County, WV, Grant County, WV, Hampshire County, WV, Hardy County, WV, Jefferson County, WV, Mineral County, WV, Morgan County, WV

The radar

The State College radar (KCCX), 87 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 17:04 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Buffalo Intl Airport, NY (KBUF), launched 12:00Z, 5.1 hours before the alert went out and 166 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 12:00Z on 2018-07-02Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1185 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 12:00Z on 2018-07-02The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 52 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1185 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-50 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1179 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
24 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
52 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
70 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
0.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

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Nearby

Mesoscale Discussions in Pennsylvania, 2018Mesoscale Discussions in New York, 2018Mesoscale Discussions in West Virginia, 2018Every mesoscale discussion in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.