Alert archive / North Carolina / Flash Flood Warnings in 2018
Flash Flood Warning 4, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this flash flood warning at Apr 24, 2018, 7:10 PM EDT for Cabarrus County, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. It was in force for 3 hr. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Apr 24, 2018, 7:10 PM EDT (23:10 UTC)
- Expired
- Apr 24, 2018, 10:00 PM EDT
- In force
- 3 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Flood severity
- None
Counties Cabarrus County, NC, Mecklenburg County, NC
The radar
The Greer radar (KGSP), 152 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:10 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 24, 8:43 PM EDT | FLASH FLOOD | 3 Ese Harrisburg, NC | STALLINGS ROAD AND PHARR MILL ROAD FLOODED AROUND BACK CREEK AND ROCKY RIVER. |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this flash flood warning; the first came 93 minutes after it went out.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The nearest sounding before it
Greensboro/Hi Pt, NC (KGSO), launched 12:00Z, 11.2 hours before the alert went out and 107 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 499 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 39 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 542 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 692 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
113
WGUS52 KGSP 242310
FFWGSP
NCC025-119-250200-
/O.NEW.KGSP.FF.W.0004.180424T2310Z-180425T0200Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Flash Flood Warning
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
710 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
The National Weather Service in Greenville-Spartanburg has issued a
* Flash Flood Warning for...
Southwestern Cabarrus County in the Piedmont of North Carolina...
Northeastern Mecklenburg County in the Piedmont of North
Carolina...
* Until 1000 PM EDT.
* At 706 PM EDT, Doppler radar and area rain gauges measured 1 to 2
inches of rain fell in less than an hour earlier. This is causing
rapid rises on area streams and also producing lingering flooded
roads due to poor drainage.
* Some locations that will experience flooding include...
Northeast Charlotte, West Concord, Harrisburg, Reedy Creek Park,
Charlotte Motor Speedway, UNC Charlotte, Croft, Hidden Valley,
Downtown Concord and Huntersville.
* Back Creek is likely to flood and will impact Stallings Road
between Middleton Circle and Quail Hollow Drive. Homes on
fairgrove lane may also be affected by rising creek levels.
Flooding in rocky meadows and middleton subdivisions on rocky
river road will be likely. Mallard Creek and Rocky River may also
flood upstream of Irish Buffalo Creek near Harrisburg.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Most flood deaths occur in vehicles. Do not attempt to cross
water-covered roadways, bridges, or low-level crossings. Only a few
inches of rapidly flowing water can carry away your vehicle. It is
not worth the risk. Please TURN AROUND, DON'T DROWN.
When it is safe to do so, please report flood waters or landslides
flowing over roads or threatening property to the National Weather
Service by calling toll free, 1, 800, 2 6 7, 8 1 0 1, by posting on
our Facebook page, or via Twitter using hashtag NWSGSP. Your message
should describe the event and the specific location where it
occurred, including roadways, nearby cross streets, stream names and
other landmarks.
&&
LAT...LON 3538 8055 3532 8052 3524 8055 3524 8070
3531 8083 3547 8083
$$
ARK1 follow-up statement
694
WGUS72 KGSP 250025
FFSGSP
Flash Flood Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
825 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
NCC025-119-250200-
/O.CON.KGSP.FF.W.0004.000000T0000Z-180425T0200Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Cabarrus NC-Mecklenburg NC-
825 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
...THE FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM EDT FOR
SOUTHWESTERN CABARRUS AND NORTHEASTERN MECKLENBURG COUNTIES...
At 823 PM EDT, Doppler radar and automated rain gauges indicated that
heavy rain was falling over the area. Flash flooding is expected to
begin shortly.
Some locations that will experience flooding include...
Northeast Charlotte, West Concord, Harrisburg, Reedy Creek Park,
Charlotte Motor Speedway, UNC Charlotte, Croft, Hidden Valley,
Downtown Concord and Huntersville.
Mallard Creek continues to rise near Harrisburg. Back Creek has
crested at Caldwell Road just above flood stage, but additional rain
may cause it to start rising again.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Most flood deaths occur in vehicles. Do not attempt to cross
water-covered roadways, bridges, or low-level crossings. Only a few
inches of rapidly flowing water can carry away your vehicle. It is
not worth the risk. Please TURN AROUND, DON'T DROWN.
Be especially cautious at night when it is harder to recognize the
dangers of flooding.
When it is safe to do so, please report flood waters or landslides
flowing over roads or threatening property to the National Weather
Service by calling toll free, 1, 800, 2 6 7, 8 1 0 1, by posting on
our Facebook page, or via Twitter using hashtag NWSGSP. Your message
should describe the event and the specific location where it
occurred, including roadways, nearby cross streets, stream names and
other landmarks.
&&
LAT...LON 3538 8055 3532 8052 3524 8055 3524 8070
3531 8083 3547 8083
$$
ARKWhat forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Apr 24, 6:15 PM EDT, 55 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Apr 24, 6:15 PM EDT, 55 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
615 PM EDT Tue Apr 24 2018
.SYNOPSIS...
A slowly moving low pressure system will exit our region by
late tonight. The atmosphere will dry briefly Wednesday before
another moist area of low pressure crosses the region Thursday
through early Saturday. High pressure builds across our area by the
end of the weekend.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
As of 6pm EST Tuesday: Showers continue this evening with some
lightning primarily over eastern parts of the CWA. Short-term
guidance has a decline in shower activity after 8pm, with residual
showers moving out of the area to the northeast.
Overall coverage of shower activity is expected to gradually
diminish into the evening, as upper low continues to wobble toward
the Southern Appalachians, allowing the low level flow to continue
to weaken while shifting to more of a downslope regime.
The surface low will move east of the area tonight, ahead of the
upper low which is forecast to move across western NC overnight. The
result will be shunting of the deeper moisture to our east and north
as the low level flow turns NW/downslope. Precip probabilities
should therefore become increasingly confined to light shower
chances along the TN border, which will persist into Wed, while
skies should begin clearing east of the mtns late tonight through
the morning. Tonight's min temps should be a category or two above
climo in most areas, while highs tomorrow are forecast to be close
to normal.
&&
.SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY/...
As of 220 PM EDT Tuesday: the short term fcst picks up at 00z on
Thursday with a brief flattening of the upper pattern before another
upper trof digs down across Southern Arkansas. The trof axis is
expected to lift up and over the CWFA late Thurs into early Fri as
another trof dives down the backside of the broader upper trof.
This second trof axis is not expected to reach the fcst area until
early Sat, which is just beyond the short term period. At the sfc,
the large low that has been impacting our region will finally lift
northward and over New England. In the low's wake, weak high pressure
will briefly move over the area from the northwest. The high will be
short-lived as another low develops to our west and approaches the
fcst area Thurs afternoon. The operational models are now in much
better agreement with the timing and placement of this low. It is
expected to move over the CWFA late Thurs/early Fri and lift north
of the area late Friday. As for the sensible fcst, PoPs were increased
for the later half of Thurs as the deeper moisture associated with
the low overspreads the CWFA. They remain high thru early Fri morning
and then taper off during the rest of the day. Some sfc-based instability
is present Thurs afternoon/evening, especially over our southern and
eastern zones, so isolated to scattered thunder is included over those
areas. High temps will be about a category below normal for Thurs and
near normal for Fri. Lows are expected to remain a few degrees above
climatology both days.
&&
.LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/...
As of 230 PM Tuesday: The extended forecast starts at 00z Saturday
with yet another potent shortwave trough rounding the base of the
mean longwave trough over the Southeast states. The medium range
guidance is still not in good agreement on the details of this wave.
The 12z EC still is the further south and least phased of the
deterministic models. It takes the wave all way to the FL Panhandle.
This results in a relatively dry soln. The 12z GFS still on the
wetter side of guidance, keeping showery wx for the area on Saturday
with the shortwave tracking right thru the Carolinas. For now, the
WPC preference is toward the EC soln, and results in only SLGT CHC
PoPs for Saturday. Temps will be near normal.
From Sunday onward, conditions look dry with temps warming above
normal for the start of next week. The eastern trough should finally
start to shift east and an upper ridge will build in from the west.
By next Tuesday, the models are in decent agreement on a fairly
amplified western trough and eastern ridge pattern across the
country. Sfc high pressure will dominate our weather for Monday and
Tuesday.
&&
.AVIATION /22Z TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
At KCLT and elsewhere: Scattered to numerous showers continue to
fire this afternoon along and north of a surface boundary extending
across northern SC, with activity primarily concentrated across the
NC foothills in response to a SE upslope flow. An area of weak
instability has developed in the vicinity and especially south of
the boundary, and the intensity of showers has been gradually
increasing over the pass hour or so in these areas. Would expect at
least a few of these to develop into TS, with the best chance for TS
existing at KAND and KCLT, where tempos for -TSRA are carried for a
while this afternoon into the evening. Otherwise, IFR to lMVFR
clouds will persist north of the boundary through much of the
afternoon, although we do expect most sites in these areas to lift
above the IFR level by mid-afternoon. As the flow begins to turn
around to more of a downslope regime, cigs may improve to VFR (or
even scatter by late evening), although ample low level moisture
could allow stratus and/or fog to fill back in overnight, but
overall confidence in flt conditions is fairly low tomorrow morning.
generally E/NE winds will gradually weaken through the evening while
turning toward the NW at most terminals.
Outlook: After very brief drying Wednesday, moisture and unsettled
weather may quickly return Wednesday night into Thursday as a trough
of low pressure redevelops across the eastern part of the country. A
drier cold front will likely cross the region by the early weekend.
Confidence Table...
22-04Z 04-10Z 10-16Z 16-18Z
KCLT High 80% High 83% Low 56% High 81%
KGSP Med 69% High 91% Low 38% High 100%
KAVL High 94% High 80% High 90% High 84%
KHKY High 80% High 80% Low 45% High 81%
KGMU Med 69% High 100% Low 55% High 100%
KAND High 97% High 100% High 100% High 100%
The percentage reflects the number of guidance members agreeing
with the scheduled TAF issuance flight rule category. Complete hourly
experimental aviation forecast consistency tables and ensemble forecasts
are available at the following link:
www.weather.gov/gsp/aviation
&&
.GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...None.
NC...None.
SC...None.
&&
SYNOPSIS...Carroll
NEAR TERM...JDL/WJM
SHORT TERM...JPT
LONG TERM...ARK
AVIATION...JDLHazardous weather outlook, Apr 24, 4:22 PM EDT, 2 hours 48 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 422 PM EDT Tue Apr 24 2018 GAZ010-017-018-026-028-029-NCZ035>037-056-057-068>072-082-502-504- 506-508-510-SCZ001>014-019-252030- Rabun-Habersham-Stephens-Franklin-Hart-Elbert-Alexander-Iredell- Davie-Catawba-Rowan-Cleveland-Lincoln-Gaston-Mecklenburg-Cabarrus- Union-Greater Caldwell-Greater Burke-Eastern McDowell- Greater Rutherford-Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains-Pickens Mountains- Greenville Mountains-Greater Oconee-Greater Pickens- Greater Greenville-Spartanburg-Cherokee-York-Anderson-Abbeville- Laurens-Chester-Greenwood- 422 PM EDT Tue Apr 24 2018 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northeast Georgia, piedmont North Carolina, western North Carolina and upstate South Carolina. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Moderate rainfall will continue at times over the area this evening. Isolated flooding may develop in low-lying and flood prone areas. In addition, isolated to scattered thunderstorms may develop and produce occasional cloud-to-ground lightning and gusty winds. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday. ..Wednesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Thursday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Friday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Saturday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Sunday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Monday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Skywarn spotters are requested to forward any reports of hail, damaging winds, and flooding to our office. NCZ033-048>053-058-059-062>065-501-503-505-507-509-252030- Avery-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood-Buncombe-Graham- Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson-Transylvania-Henderson- Caldwell Mountains-Burke Mountains-McDowell Mountains- Rutherford Mountains-Polk Mountains- 422 PM EDT Tue Apr 24 2018 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for western North Carolina. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Moderate rainfall will continue at times over the area tonight. Isolated flooding may develop in low-lying and flood prone areas. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday. ..Wednesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Thursday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Friday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Saturday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Sunday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Monday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Skywarn spotters are requested to forward any reports of flooding to our office. JPT
In the hours before
Special weather statement, Apr 24, 4:43 PM EDT, 2 hours 27 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
443 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
NCZ071-242115-
Mecklenburg NC-
443 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
...A THUNDERSTORM WITH TORRENTIAL RAINFALL WILL IMPACT MECKLENBURG
COUNTY UNTIL 515 PM EDT...
At 442 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a thunderstorm with
torrential rainfall near Uptown Charlotte, or near Central Charlotte,
moving northeast at 20 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Uptown Charlotte, Huntersville, Central Charlotte, South Charlotte,
Northeast Charlotte, Southwest Charlotte, East Charlotte, Northwest
Charlotte, Mint Hill and Pineville.
Very heavy rainfall rates up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in
these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Torrential rainfall may flood areas with poor drainage, such as
ditches and underpasses. Avoid these areas and do not cross flooded
roads. Water levels of small streams may also rise rapidly. Seek
higher ground if threatened by flood waters.
&&
LAT...LON 3501 8085 3511 8093 3510 8094 3517 8101
3525 8101 3534 8098 3536 8092 3538 8096
3537 8097 3539 8097 3539 8095 3541 8096
3544 8095 3530 8067 3526 8066 3523 8059
3522 8060
TIME...MOT...LOC 2042Z 225DEG 15KT 3519 8089
ARKSpecial weather statement, Apr 24, 5:16 PM EDT, 1 hour 54 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
516 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
NCZ071-072-242145-
Mecklenburg NC-Cabarrus NC-
516 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
...A THUNDERSTORM WITH TORRENTIAL RAINFALL WILL IMPACT CENTRAL
CABARRUS AND NORTHEASTERN MECKLENBURG COUNTIES UNTIL 545 PM EDT...
At 515 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a thunderstorm with
torrential rainfall 8 miles northeast of Uptown Charlotte, or over
Reedy Creek Park, moving northeast at 20 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Downtown Concord, Kannapolis, Northeast Charlotte, East Charlotte,
West Concord, Mint Hill, Harrisburg, Reedy Creek Park, Charlotte
Motor Speedway and UNC Charlotte.
Very heavy rainfall rates up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in
these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Torrential rainfall may flood areas with poor drainage, such as
ditches and underpasses. Avoid these areas and do not cross flooded
roads. Water levels of small streams may also rise rapidly. Seek
higher ground if threatened by flood waters.
&&
LAT...LON 3525 8046 3520 8054 3521 8055 3517 8059
3512 8068 3530 8084 3551 8079 3551 8074
3533 8041
TIME...MOT...LOC 2115Z 234DEG 18KT 3528 8071
ARKSpecial weather statement, Apr 24, 5:49 PM EDT, 1 hour 21 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
549 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
NCZ057-072-242215-
Rowan NC-Cabarrus NC-
549 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
...A THUNDERSTORM WITH TORRENTIAL RAINFALL WILL IMPACT CABARRUS AND
SOUTHWESTERN ROWAN COUNTIES UNTIL 615 PM EDT...
At 549 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a thunderstorm with
torrential rainfall near Downtown Concord, moving northeast at 15
mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Kannapolis, Downtown Concord, West Concord, Harrisburg, Landis,
Enochville, Mt Pleasant, Midland, Coddle Creek Reservoir and
Charlotte Motor Speedway.
Very heavy rainfall rates up to 2 inches per hour will be possible in
these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Torrential rainfall may flood areas with poor drainage, such as
ditches and underpasses. Avoid these areas and do not cross flooded
roads. Water levels of small streams may also rise rapidly. Seek
higher ground if threatened by flood waters.
&&
LAT...LON 3521 8048 3519 8051 3520 8052 3523 8060
3527 8066 3530 8068 3535 8069 3537 8072
3539 8074 3561 8067 3543 8034
TIME...MOT...LOC 2149Z 237DEG 14KT 3535 8060
ARKSpecial weather statement, Apr 24, 6:27 PM EDT, 43 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
627 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
NCZ057-072-242315-
Rowan NC-Cabarrus NC-
627 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT NORTHEASTERN CABARRUS AND
SOUTHEASTERN ROWAN COUNTIES UNTIL 715 PM EDT...
At 627 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 11
miles northeast of Downtown Concord, or 5 miles south of Rockwell,
moving northeast at 20 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Kannapolis, Downtown Concord, Rockwell, Mt Pleasant, Faith, High Rock
Lake, Granite Quarry and Gold Hill.
Wind gusts up to 45 mph and very heavy rainfall rates up to 2 inches
per hour will be possible in these areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Gusty winds can blow down trees that are dead, or that have weakened
root systems. Outdoor furniture and similar items can be tossed
around if not anchored. Seek shelter indoors.
Torrential rainfall may flood areas with poor drainage, such as
ditches and underpasses. Avoid these areas and do not cross flooded
roads. Water levels of small streams may also rise rapidly. Seek
higher ground if threatened by flood waters.
&&
LAT...LON 3550 8029 3534 8040 3531 8048 3552 8063
3566 8031 3563 8029 3563 8027 3558 8021
3555 8021 3554 8020 3553 8020 3551 8018
TIME...MOT...LOC 2227Z 242DEG 16KT 3548 8041
ARKLocal storm report, Apr 24, 6:58 PM EDT, 12 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
658 PM EDT TUE APR 24 2018
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0538 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 NNW HARRISBURG 35.35N 80.68W
04/24/2018 CABARRUS NC EMERGENCY MNGR
A BRADFORD PEAR TREE SPLIT NOT FAR FROM CHARLOTTE MOTOR
SPEEDWAY.
0630 PM HAIL MOUNT PLEASANT 35.40N 80.44W
04/24/2018 E0.25 INCH CABARRUS NC EMERGENCY MNGR
LOTS OF PEA SIZED HAIL FELL IN MOUNT PLEASANT BEFORE THE
STORM MOVED EAST INTO STANLY COUNTY.
&&
OUTLAWThe office that day
Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 24, 8:23 AM EDT | Areal Flood Advisory | GSP | Burke, McDowell | 2 hr |
| Apr 24, 10:31 AM EDT | Areal Flood Warning | GSP | Burke, McDowell | 9 hr |
| Apr 24, 11:09 AM EDT | River Flood Advisory | GSP | Henderson, Transylvania | 12 hr |
| Apr 24, 11:50 AM EDT | Areal Flood Advisory | GSP | Alexander, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Iredell | 8 hr |
| Apr 24, 4:43 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Mecklenburg | 32 min |
| Apr 24, 5:16 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Cabarrus | 29 min |
| Apr 24, 5:49 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Cabarrus | 26 min |
| Apr 24, 6:27 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Cabarrus | 48 min |
| Apr 24, 6:49 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | GSP | Mecklenburg | 3 hr |
| Apr 24, 7:38 PM EDT | Areal Flood Advisory | GSP | Alexander, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Iredell, McDowell | 12 hr |
Nearby
Flash Flood Warnings in North Carolina, 2018Every flash flood warning in 2018
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.