Alert archive / New York / Gale Warnings in 2018
Gale Warning 11, NWS Buffalo, NY
NWS Buffalo, NY issued this gale warning at Oct 19, 2018, 1:18 AM EDT. It took effect at Oct 19, 2018, 6:00 PM EDT. It was in force for 13 hr. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Oct 19, 2018, 1:18 AM EDT (05:18 UTC)
- In effect from
- Oct 19, 2018, 6:00 PM EDT
- Expired
- Oct 20, 2018, 6:59 AM EDT
- In force
- 13 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Buffalo, NY
The text
As transmitted.
442 WHUS71 KBUF 190518 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 LEZ040-041-191330- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181019T2200Z/ /O.NEW.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181019T2200Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EDT THIS EVENING... ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Gale Warning, which is in effect from 6 PM this evening to 6 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest to 15 to 25 knots becoming 35 knots. * WAVES...6 to 9 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LEZ020-191330- /O.NEW.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.181019T0518Z-181020T1000Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Small Craft Advisory, which is in effect until 6 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-191330- /O.NEW.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.181019T2200Z-181020T1000Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Small Craft Advisory, which is in effect from 6 PM this evening to 6 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest 15 to 20 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ042-191330- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 30 knots. * WAVES...6 to 9 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ043-044-191330- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. * WAVES...4 to 7 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ045-191330- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 118 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 30 knots. * WAVES...5 to 8 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
6 follow-up statements
707 WHUS71 KBUF 191055 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 LEZ040-041-191900- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181019T2200Z/ /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181019T2200Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EDT THIS EVENING... ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 15 to 25 knots becoming 35 knots. * WAVES...6 to 9 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ042-191900- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 30 knots. * WAVES...6 to 9 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ043-044-191900- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. * WAVES...4 to 7 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LEZ020-191900- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ045-191900- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 30 knots. * WAVES...5 to 8 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-191900- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.181019T2200Z-181020T1000Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 655 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 15 to 20 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
492 WHUS71 KBUF 191410 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 LOZ042-192215- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T0400Z/ /O.EXB.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT... ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Gale Warning, which is in effect from midnight tonight to 8 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...6 to 9 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ043-044-192215- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T0400Z/ /O.EXB.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT... ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Gale Warning, which is in effect from midnight tonight to 8 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...4 to 7 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ045-192215- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T0400Z/ /O.EXB.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT... ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Gale Warning, which is in effect from midnight tonight to 8 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...5 to 8 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ062>065-192215- /O.EXB.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario open waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario open waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Gale Warning, which is in effect from midnight tonight to 8 AM EDT Saturday. * WINDS...Southwest to 40 knots. * WAVES...8 to 11 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LEZ040-041-192215- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181019T2200Z/ /O.EXT.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181019T2200Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EDT THIS EVENING... ...GALE WARNING NOW IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 40 knots. * WAVES...9 to 12 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-192215- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.181019T2200Z-181020T1200Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM THIS EVENING TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 15 to 20 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LEZ020-192215- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 1010 AM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
427 WHUS71 KBUF 192135 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 LEZ040-041-200545- /O.CAN.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181019T2200Z/ /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181019T2200Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IS CANCELLED... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has cancelled the Small Craft Advisory. * WINDS...Southwest to 40 knots. * WAVES...10 to 13 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LOZ042-200545- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T0400Z/ /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT... ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...8 to 11 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ043-044-200545- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T0400Z/ /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT... ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...6 to 9 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ045-200545- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0085.000000T0000Z-181020T0400Z/ /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT TONIGHT... ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...8 to 11 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ062>065-200545- /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.181020T0400Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario open waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario open waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MIDNIGHT TONIGHT TO 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest to 40 knots. * WAVES...10 to 14 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LEZ020-200545- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-200545- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.181019T2200Z-181020T1200Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 535 PM EDT Fri Oct 19 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT SATURDAY... * WINDS...Southwest 15 to 20 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
839 WHUS71 KBUF 200545 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 145 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 LEZ040-041-201200- /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 145 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest to 40 knots. * WAVES...10 to 13 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LOZ042>045-062>065-201200- /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- Lake Ontario open waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario open waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 145 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...10 to 14 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LOZ030-201000- /O.EXA.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Lower Niagara River- 145 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT EARLY THIS MORNING... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Small Craft Advisory, which is in effect until 6 AM EDT early this morning. * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LEZ020-201000- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1000Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 145 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 AM EDT EARLY THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest to 30 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-201200- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 145 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest 15 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
252 WHUS71 KBUF 200838 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 438 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 LEZ040-041-201200- /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 438 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...West to 35 knots. * WAVES...9 to 12 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LOZ042>045-062>065-201200- /O.CON.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- Lake Ontario open waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario open waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 438 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest to 35 knots. * WAVES...10 to 14 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Gale Warning means winds of 34 to 47 knots are imminent or occuring. Operating a vessel in gale conditions requires experience and properly equipped vessels. It is highly recommended that mariners without the proper experience seek safe harbor prior to the onset of gale conditions. && $$ LOZ030-201200- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Lower Niagara River- 438 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LEZ020-201200- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 438 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...West 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-201200- /O.CON.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 438 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
388 WHUS71 KBUF 201059 MWWBUF URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Buffalo NY 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 LEZ040-041-201900- /O.CAN.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ /O.EXB.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181021T2000Z/ Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM EDT SUNDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Small Craft Advisory, which is in effect until 4 PM EDT Sunday. The Gale Warning has been cancelled. * WINDS...Northwest 20 to 25 knots. * WAVES...7 to 10 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ042>045-201900- /O.CAN.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ /O.EXB.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181021T2300Z/ Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 PM EDT SUNDAY... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has issued a Small Craft Advisory, which is in effect until 7 PM EDT Sunday. The Gale Warning has been cancelled. * WINDS...Northwest 20 to 25 knots. * WAVES...8 to 11 feet. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LOZ062>065-201200- /O.CAN.KBUF.GL.W.0011.000000T0000Z-181020T1200Z/ Lake Ontario open waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario open waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...GALE WARNING IS CANCELLED... The National Weather Service in Buffalo has cancelled the Gale Warning. $$ LOZ030-201500- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1500Z/ Lower Niagara River- 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...West 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ LEZ020-201500- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1500Z/ Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...West 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$ SLZ022-024-201500- /O.EXT.KBUF.SC.Y.0088.000000T0000Z-181020T1500Z/ Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 659 AM EDT Sat Oct 20 2018 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 AM EDT THIS MORNING... * WINDS...Southwest 20 to 25 knots. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A Small Craft Advisory means that wind speeds of 18 to 33 knots and/or waves averaging 4 feet or more are expected to produce hazardous wave conditions to small craft. Inexperienced mariners...especially those operating smaller vessels...should avoid navigating in these conditions. && $$
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this gale warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Buffalo, NY wrote its last area forecast discussion before this gale warning went out at Oct 18, 8:13 PM EDT, 5 hours 5 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Oct 18, 8:13 PM EDT, 5 hours 5 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Buffalo NY
813 PM EDT Thu Oct 18 2018
.SYNOPSIS...
Surface high pressure will move from the Ohio Valley east across
Pennsylvania and off the Mid Atlantic coast by Friday. This will
allow a brief respite from the recent cool weather. However,
another shot of cold air will move in by Saturday along with more
showers. This will be followed by more lake effect rain and snow
showers southeast of the lakes Saturday night and early Sunday.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH FRIDAY/...
Lake effect cloud coverage over Western and North Central NY this
evening will slowly erode through the evening and overnight hours.
Though areas downwind of the lakes will continue to experience some
continued cloud cover through the overnight into Friday. Current
temperatures in the mid 30s over the higher terrain to the mid 40s
closer to the lakes will cool some through the early overnight
before warming begins from west to east with warm air advection.
An expansive area of high pressure currently over the Ohio Valley
will shift east to the Mid-Atlantic coast by late Friday morning.
Lake effect cloud cover should continue to decrease in coverage
tonight as increasing subsidence over the area will help lower
equilibrium levels over and downwind of the lakes. Increasing 850Ts
through the night tonight and warm air advection will also help with
lowering these heights.
Friday will start off with mostly sunny skies across much of the
area and warmer temperatures compared to what has been experienced
the past few days. With a southwesterly flow, temperatures across
the area should warm to the upper 50s to around 60 across Western
and North Central NY. The area will be on the northern fringe of an
area of high pressure that will shift off to the east. A
deamplifying mid and upper level ridge will shift east and give way
to increasing cloud coverage Friday afternoon into Friday night.
Cloud coverage will increase in advance of the next cold front that
will move through the area on Saturday morning. This approaching
cold front is associated with an area of low pressure that will move
across Northern Ontario and James Bay on Friday. As this area of low
pressure moves across Northern Ontario it will deepen and result in
a stronger pressure gradient between itself and the high pressure
shifting toward and off the Mid-Atlantic coast on Friday. With this
increasing pressure gradient the area will experience increasing
southwest winds for Friday into Friday night. Winds on Friday
will range from 15 to 25 MPH with gusts to around 35 MPH,
especially near the lake shores. With increasing vorticity
advection this area of low pressure is expected to continue to
strengthen as we get into the weekend.
&&
.SHORT TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/...
Rain shower chances will increase Friday night and Saturday as a
cold front and associated mid level shortwave cross the area.
Precipitation should come in two waves, first with the cold front
late Friday night and into Saturday and then with the shortwave late
in the day Saturday. Although there will be measurable precipitation
at most locations, amounts should generally be light on the order of
a quarter inch or less. It will be warm enough for all rain showers
through Saturday afternoon. Expect high temperatures in the 50s
early in the day with falling temperatures behind the front. It will
also be breezy both ahead of and behind the front, with gusts of 30
to 40 mph.
An amplified upper-level trough will dig across the bulk of the
eastern U.S. Saturday night into Sunday behind the cold front and
will aid in bringing below normal temperatures as 850 mb reach -8C
by Sunday morning. Cold air streaming across the warmer Great Lakes
waters will bring support widespread northwest flow lake effect
showers. Model soundings keep low level vertical temperatures
profiles warm enough for mainly rain early Saturday night, before
profiles cool sufficiently for a mix and then change over to snow,
especially for higher elevations. This will perhaps lead to a minor
accumulation in any steadier or more persistent snow showers.
Lake effect showers will linger through Sunday afternoon before
starting to taper back late in the day. High temperatures on Sunday
will only be in the upper 30s to lower 40s.
Sunday night winds at the surface will back in response to a
shortwave tracking across the Northern Great Lakes. This will lift
any lingering lake effect activity northward (primarily off Lake
Ontario) Sunday night.
&&
.LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
A shortwave and associated moisture diving across the Eastern Great
Lakes Monday will bring some enhancement to the lake effect
precipitation, mainly east of Lake Ontario where westerly flow over
the longer lake axis will bring greater chances for lake
development. P-Type will mainly be rain across lower
elevations...but on the Tug Hill a change to snow is possible,
especially early and late in the day.
Northwest flow behind the clipper low Tuesday will again set the
stage for lake effect off both Lakes. As lake induced equilibrium
levels rise through the day bands of showers/snow showers will be
possible to the south and southeast of the Lakes.
High pressure will nose towards our region Wednesday, bringing drier
air across the Eastern Great lakes Wednesday that will end lake
effect precipitation.
This area of high pressure will settle across the Eastern Great
Lakes Thursday, and likely bring a seasonably comfortable day with
sunshine and temperatures in the 50s.
&&
.AVIATION /00Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
VFR conditions are expected through Friday with surface high slowly
moving east across PA during this period. Lake effect clouds near
3000-5000' will move east this evening, but otherwise expect minimal
CIGS. Increasing high clouds will move in late Friday.
Outlook...
Friday Night...MVFR to VFR with showers.
Saturday...MVFR to VFR with rain showers likely.
Sunday...Mainly VFR but MVFR/IFR in lake effect rain and snow
showers southeast of Lakes Erie and Ontario.
Monday and Tuesday...VFR a chance of rain showers.
&&
.MARINE...
Winds will slowly back from WNW to W and then SW overnight and
pickup again on Friday. Waters may drop a little below Small Craft
Advisory conditions overnight, but will quickly ramp up again Friday
with SW sustained winds in the 15-25kt range along with
corresponding wind driven waves. A cold front will move through
during the weekend with continued SCAs in a NW flow.
&&
.BUF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
NY...None.
MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 6 PM EDT Friday for LEZ040-041.
Small Craft Advisory until 6 PM EDT Friday for
LOZ042>045.
&&
SYNOPSIS...Zaff
NEAR TERM...SW
SHORT TERM...Apffel
LONG TERM...Thomas
AVIATION...SW/Zaff
MARINE...ZaffHazardous weather outlook, Oct 18, 7:53 AM EDT, 17 hours 25 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Buffalo NY 753 AM EDT Thu Oct 18 2018 NYZ001>008-010>014-019>021-085-191200- Niagara-Orleans-Monroe-Wayne-Northern Cayuga-Oswego-Jefferson-Lewis- Northern Erie-Genesee-Wyoming-Livingston-Ontario-Chautauqua- Cattaraugus-Allegany-Southern Erie- 753 AM EDT Thu Oct 18 2018 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for western and north central New York. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Friday through Wednesday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. This product, along with other watches, warnings, advisories, and statements issued by the National Weather Service office in Buffalo can be found on the internet at http://www.weather.gov/buf LEZ020-040-041-LOZ030-042>045-062>065-SLZ022-024-191200- Upper Niagara River and Buffalo Harbor- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Ripley to Dunkirk- Lake Erie nearshore waters from Dunkirk to Buffalo- Lower Niagara River- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario nearshore waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- Lake Ontario open waters from the Niagara River to Hamlin Beach- Lake Ontario open waters from Hamlin Beach to Sodus Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Sodus Bay to Mexico Bay- Lake Ontario open waters from Mexico Bay to the Saint Lawrence River- Saint Lawrence River from Cape Vincent to Ogdensburg- Saint Lawrence River from Ogdensburg to Saint Regis- 753 AM EDT Thu Oct 18 2018 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for the New York waters of Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, and the Saint Lawrence River. .DAY ONE...Today and tonight. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Friday through Wednesday. No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. This product, along with other watches, warnings, advisories, and statements issued by the National Weather Service office in Buffalo can be found on the internet at http://www.weather.gov/buf
The office that day
Everything else NWS Buffalo, NY issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 19, 1:18 AM EDT | Small Craft Advisory | BUF | 3 days |
Nearby
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text.