Alert archive / Alabama / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2017

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 17, NWS Mobile, AL

January 2, 2017Mobile County, Alabama

NWS Mobile, AL issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jan 2, 2017, 4:29 PM CST for Mobile County, Alabama. It was in force for 31 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued: Jan 2, 2017, 4:29 PM CST (22:29 UTC)
Expired: Jan 2, 2017, 5:00 PM CST
In force: 31 min
Issued by: NWS Mobile, AL
Area: Storm-based polygon
Tornado: Possible
Hail: 1.0 in
Wind: 60.0 mph

County Mobile County, AL

The radar

The Mobile radar (KMOB), 31 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:33 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

Time	Report	Where	Remark
Jan 2, 4:42 PM CST	TSTM WND DMG	5 Nnw Tillmans Corner, AL	NUMEROUS REPORTS OF TREES AND LIMBS DOWN ACROSS WEST MOBILE WITH THUDERSTORM PASSAGE. TIME ESTIMATED VIA RADAR.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 13 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Jan 2, 11:22 AM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	9 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Slidell Radar S, LA (KSIL), launched 12:00Z, 10.5 hours before the alert went out and 170 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 1261 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -29 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 571 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 44 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 322 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 423 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.6
Supercell composite: 4.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

325 
WUUS54 KMOB 022229
SVRMOB
ALC097-022300-
/O.NEW.KMOB.SV.W.0017.170102T2229Z-170102T2300Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
National Weather Service Mobile AL
429 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

The National Weather Service in Mobile has issued a

* Severe Thunderstorm Warning for...
  Central Mobile County in southwestern Alabama...

* Until 500 PM CST

* At 427 PM CST, severe thunderstorms were located along a line
  extending from near Wilmer to near Moss Point. Another cluster of
  severe thunderstorms was located over southeastern Mobile County,
  between Theodore and the Dauphin Island bridge. Movement was east
  at 50 mph. 

  HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and quarter size hail. 

  SOURCE...Radar indicated. 

  IMPACT...Hail damage to vehicles is expected. Expect wind damage 
           to roofs, siding, and trees. 

* Locations impacted include...
  Midtown Mobile, Downtown Mobile, Prichard, Daphne, Tillmans Corner,
  Fairhope, Saraland, Theodore, Chickasaw, Satsuma, Spanish Fort,
  Grand Bay, Bayou La Batre, Point Clear, Central Dauphin Island,
  Tanner Williams, Semmes, I65 And AL 158, I65 And I165 and I10 And
  I65.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Remain alert for a possible tornado! Tornadoes can develop quickly
from severe thunderstorms. If you spot a tornado go at once into the
basement or small central room in a sturdy structure.

For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.

&&

A tornado watch remains in effect until 800 PM CST for southwestern
Alabama...and southeastern Mississippi.

LAT...LON 3008 8791 3022 8838 3077 8842 3092 8794
      3090 8793 3089 8793 3090 8796 3084 8794
      3094 8790 3038 8784 3047 8780 3039 8781
      3040 8778 3022 8803 3023 8785
TIME...MOT...LOC 2227Z 266DEG 43KT 3083 8833 3036 8855 

TORNADO...POSSIBLE
HAIL...1.00IN
WIND...60MPH
 
$$

Butts

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Mobile, AL wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jan 2, 3:40 PM CST, 49 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jan 2, 3:40 PM CST, 49 minutes before

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Mobile AL
340 PM CST Mon Jan 2 2017

...TORNADO WATCH UNTIL 8 PM...

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH UNTIL MIDNIGHT...

.NEAR TERM /Now Through Tuesday/...Supercells posing a risk for
damaging straight-line winds, large hail, and a few tornadoes are
ongoing across the area this afternoon in a supportive environment
characterized by decent instability (MLCAPE of 1000-1500 J/kg) and
deep-layer shear (40+ kts) beneath sufficient upper level forcing
associated with a passing shortwave trough. This convective activity
is expected to continue into the evening hours before an impressive
squall line (currently approaching from the west) passes through the
area with an attendant damaging straight-line wind threat. An
elevated flash flood threat is also ongoing through this evening and
tonight as intense downpours and training storms are already
producing serious flooding issues across some areas this afternoon.
This flooding threat will be especially prominent in areas with
already-saturated soils from the previous 48 hours of heavy rainfall.

A weak boundary (maintaining the aforementioned squall line) passes
through the area this evening as the shortwave responsible for
today's chaotic weather moves off the southeast Atlantic coast. In
the wake of the boundary, surface flow shifts to westerly, providing
some slight relief from the humidity Tuesday (dewpoints dip into the
mid and upper 50's) but persisting cloud cover over interior
portions of the forecast area. Given the orientation and weak nature
of this frontal boundary and zonal flow pattern building back over
the area aloft, not expecting much in terms of cooler air, with
highs Tuesday still expected to reach the low to mid 70's across the
area. Low temps tonight will range from upper 50's to low 60's west-
to-east across the area. /49

.SHORT TERM /Tuesday night Through Thursday night/...An east coast
trough will deepen Tuesday night into Wednesday, sending a
another cold front through the area. This front will not have any
moisture to work with, so no more than sprinkles expected. However,
it will bring a much colder airmass into the region for the middle of
the week. High temps on Wednesday will range from the upper 50s and
low 60s inland to upper 60s near the coast. Wednesday night lows will
fall into the mid and upper 30s inland to mid 40s along the coast.
Thursday's highs will be in the low 50s inland to mid 50s along the
coast. Thursday night lows will drop into the low to mid 30s inland
to low 40s along the coast. /13

.LONG TERM /Friday Through Monday/...Due to ongoing severe weather,
we did not change the extended from the previous package. Please see
previous AFD for the long term discussion. /13

&&

.MARINE...Moderate to strong onshore flow decreases and shifts to
westerly early Tuesday AM in the wake of a weak frontal passage
tonight. Upper energy digging south over the Northern Plains through
the Great Lakes regions will then push a stronger surface front
across the forecast area Wednesday into Wednesday night, bringing
strong offshore flow to area coastal waters. The flow remains
offshore into the weekend, with guidance advertising a second
reinforcement crossing the area later this week. With the GFS well
ahead of the ECMWF on the timing of this reinforcement, it
advertises another upper system approaching the forecast area Friday
night into Saturday and a return of onshore flow with a surface
system crossing the FA Saturday. Current forecast is based more on
ECMWF solution, with moderate winds remaining largely offshore
Friday and into the weekend. /49

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
Mobile      59  74  53  64 /  50  10   0  10
Pensacola   63  73  55  67 /  50  10   0  10
Destin      65  73  58  67 /  60  20   0  10
Evergreen   60  75  52  64 /  70  10   0  10
Waynesboro  57  74  49  59 /  40  10  10  10
Camden      58  75  52  60 /  70  10   0  10
Crestview   61  75  53  67 /  70  20   0  10

&&

.MOB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
AL...Flash Flood Watch until midnight CST tonight for ALZ051>060-
     261>266.

     High Rip Current Risk through late tonight for ALZ265-266.

FL...Flash Flood Watch until midnight CST tonight for FLZ201>206.

     High Rip Current Risk through late tonight for FLZ202-204-206.

MS...Flash Flood Watch until midnight CST tonight for MSZ067-075-076-
     078-079.

GM...Small Craft Advisory until 6 AM CST Tuesday for GMZ630>635-650-
     655-670-675.

&&

This product is also available on the web at:
http://weather.gov/mob

Hazardous weather outlook, Jan 2, 6:23 AM CST, 10 hours 6 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOBILE AL
623 AM CST MON JAN 2 2017

ALZ051>060-261>266-FLZ201>206-MSZ067-075-076-078-079-031230-
CHOCTAW-WASHINGTON-CLARKE-WILCOX-MONROE-CONECUH-BUTLER-CRENSHAW-
ESCAMBIA-COVINGTON-MOBILE INLAND-BALDWIN INLAND-MOBILE CENTRAL-
BALDWIN CENTRAL-MOBILE COASTAL-BALDWIN COASTAL-ESCAMBIA INLAND-
ESCAMBIA COASTAL-SANTA ROSA INLAND-SANTA ROSA COASTAL-
OKALOOSA INLAND-OKALOOSA COASTAL-WAYNE-PERRY-GREENE-STONE-GEORGE-
623 AM CST MON JAN 2 2017

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTH CENTRAL
ALABAMA...SOUTHWEST ALABAMA...NORTHWEST FLORIDA AND SOUTHEAST
MISSISSIPPI.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

STRONG TO SEVERE STORMS ARE EXPECTED TODAY...MAINLY THIS AFTERNOON
INTO THE EVENING. WINDS GUSTING TO 70 MPH IS THE PRIMARY
THREAT...THOUGH AN ISOLATED TORNADO CAN NOT BE RULED OUT.

RAIN FROM THE PREVIOUS DAYS CREATING SATURATED SOILS...AND ANOTHER
GENERAL ONE TO TWO INCHES OF RAIN...AND LOCALLY HIGH AMOUNTS OF THREE
INCHES POSSIBLE TODAY INTO THIS EVENING. LOCALIZED FLOODING OF ROADS
ALONG WITH RAPID RISES IN RIVERS ARE POSSIBLE...MAINLY SOUTH OF
HIGHWAY 84.

STRONG ONSHORE FLOW WILL DEVELOP TODAY...CREATING A HIGH RISK OF
DANGEROUS RIP CURRENTS TODAY THROUGH TONIGHT.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY

NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

ACTIVATION OF SKYWARN SEVERE STORM SPOTTER NETWORKS IS NOT
EXPECTED THROUGH SUNDAY.

GMZ630>635-650-655-670-675-031230-
NORTHERN MOBILE BAY-SOUTHERN MOBILE BAY-MISSISSIPPI SOUND-
PERDIDO BAY-PENSACOLA BAY SYSTEM-CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY-
COASTAL WATERS FROM PENSACOLA FL TO PASCAGOULA MS OUT 20 NM-
COASTAL WATERS FROM DESTIN TO PENSACOLA FL OUT 20 NM-
WATERS FROM PENSACOLA FL TO PASCAGOULA MS FROM 20 TO 60 NM-
WATERS FROM DESTIN TO PENSACOLA FL FROM 20 TO 60 NM-
623 AM CST MON JAN 2 2017

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF THE COASTAL
WATERS OF ALABAMA AND NORTHWEST FLORIDA AND THE COASTAL WATERS OF
ALABAMA AND NORTHWEST FLORIDA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

STRONG ONSHORE FLOW WILL DEVELOP TODAY AS A SYSTEM APPROACHES THE
AREA. THIS WILL CREATE DANGEROUS CONDITIONS FOR SMALL CRAFT LASTING
INTO TUESDAY.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY

STRONG ONSHORE FLOW WILL EASE TUESDAY...THOUGH SMALL CRAFT ARE URGED
TO EXERCISE CAUTION INTO TUESDAY NIGHT. A STRONG FRONT WILL CROSS
THE AREA THURSDAY NIGHT...CREATING A STRONG OFFSHORE FLOW FOR THE
COMING WEEKEND AND DANGEROUS CONDITIONS FOR SMALL CRAFT.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jan 2, 11:49 AM CST, 4 hours 40 minutes before

Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Mobile AL
1149 AM CST MON JAN 2 2017

MSZ078-079-021830-
Stone MS-George MS-
1149 AM CST MON JAN 2 2017

...A LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL AFFECT THE FOLLOWING
COUNTIES...SOUTHWESTERN GEORGE AND STONE COUNTIES UNTIL 1230 PM
CST...

At 1149 AM CST, the strong thunderstorms were located along a line
extending from 12 miles west of McHenry to near Kiln,and moving
northeast at 25 mph.

Half inch hail and wind gusts of 50 to 55 mph will be possible with
these storms.

Locations impacted include...
Wiggins, Perkinston and McHenry.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

These storms may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio
stations and available television stations for additional information
and possible warnings from the National Weather Service.

&&

A tornado watch remains in effect until 800 PM CST for southeastern
Mississippi.

LAT...LON 3091 8934 3091 8887 3074 8887 3073 8889
      3068 8889 3068 8924 3065 8924 3065 8934
TIME...MOT...LOC 1749Z 241DEG 23KT 3073 8935 3046 8952

Special weather statement, Jan 2, 12:19 PM CST, 4 hours 10 minutes before

Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Mobile AL
1219 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

ALZ054-021900-
Wilcox AL-
1219 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

...A LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS WILL AFFECT THE FOLLOWING
COUNTIES...NORTHWESTERN WILCOX COUNTY UNTIL 100 PM CST...

At 1218 PM CST, the strong thunderstorms were located along a line
extending from near Thomaston to near Consul to near Vineland,and
moving northeast at 25 mph.

Wind gusts up to 50 mph will be possible with these storms.

Locations impacted include...
Dannelly Reservoir.
Rural portions of extreme northern wilcox County

A tornado watch remains in effect until 800 PM CST for south central
Alabama.

LAT...LON 3225 8742 3224 8739 3220 8736 3220 8733
      3214 8728 3214 8725 3212 8726 3208 8719
      3205 8718 3202 8762 3213 8762 3213 8752
      3226 8752 3227 8745
TIME...MOT...LOC 1818Z 246DEG 20KT 3230 8760 3219 8757 3207 8767

Special weather statement, Jan 2, 1:54 PM CST, 2 hours 35 minutes before

Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Mobile AL
154 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

FLZ205-206-022045-
Okaloosa Inland FL-Okaloosa Coastal FL-
154 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL AFFECT THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...
SOUTHERN OKALOOSA COUNTY UNTIL 245 PM CST...

At 154 PM CST, the strong thunderstorm was located over Mary Esther,
moving northeast at 40 mph.

Dime size hail and winds in excess of 40 mph will be possible with
this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Wright, Fort Walton Beach, Crestview, Niceville, Destin, Eglin AFB,
Valparaiso, Mary Esther, Ocean City, Lake Lorraine, Shalimar, Cinco
Bayou and Eglin Air Force Base.

A tornado watch remains in effect until 800 PM CST for northwestern
Florida.

LAT...LON 3035 8685 3038 8682 3039 8680 3039 8682
      3071 8659 3071 8639 3046 8639 3047 8633
      3039 8638 3040 8639 3038 8640 3038 8650
      3029 8650 3029 8663
TIME...MOT...LOC 1954Z 217DEG 36KT 3038 8669

Special weather statement, Jan 2, 2:40 PM CST, 1 hour 49 minutes before

Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Mobile AL
240 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

ALZ057-058-022130-
Butler AL-Crenshaw AL-
240 PM CST MON JAN 2 2017

...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL AFFECT THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...
CRENSHAW AND SOUTHEASTERN BUTLER COUNTIES UNTIL 330 PM CST...

At 240 PM CST, the strong thunderstorm was located 8 miles northwest
of Dozier, or 15 miles southwest of Luverne, moving northeast at 40
mph.

Wind gusts of 50 to 55 mph will be possible with this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Luverne, Brantley, Rutledge, Glenwood and Petrey.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

This storm may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio
stations and available television stations for additional information
and possible warnings from the National Weather Service.

&&

A tornado watch remains in effect until 800 PM CST for south central
Alabama.

LAT...LON 3166 8616 3164 8616 3163 8618 3162 8618
      3161 8617 3156 8627 3152 8651 3166 8651
      3196 8640 3192 8618 3183 8618 3181 8620
      3179 8620 3179 8615 3166 8615
TIME...MOT...LOC 2040Z 209DEG 34KT 3158 8647

The office that day

Everything else NWS Mobile, AL issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Jan 1, 7:06 PM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	MOB	Baldwin, Mobile	3 hr
Jan 1, 7:46 PM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	MOB	Baldwin, Conecuh, Escambia, Monroe	3 hr
Jan 1, 8:10 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	MOB	Mobile	6 hr
Jan 1, 11:08 PM CST	Areal Flood Advisory	MOB	Baldwin	3 hr
Jan 2, 3:22 AM CST	Small Craft Advisory	MOB		27 hr
Jan 2, 6:05 AM CST	Rip Current Statement	MOB	Baldwin, Mobile	24 hr
Jan 2, 10:51 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Washington	54 min
Jan 2, 11:16 AM CST	Tornado Warning	MOB	Washington	26 min
Jan 2, 11:56 AM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Clarke, Washington	49 min
Jan 2, 12:05 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		55 min
Jan 2, 12:10 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning Emergency	MOB	Clarke, Conecuh, Monroe, Washington	6 hr
Jan 2, 12:19 PM CST	Special Weather Statement	MOB	Wilcox	41 min
Jan 2, 12:27 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Clarke, Conecuh, Monroe	48 min
Jan 2, 12:51 PM CST	Tornado Warning	MOB	Washington	19 min
Jan 2, 12:57 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		63 min
Jan 2, 12:58 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Clarke, Conecuh, Monroe, Wilcox	47 min
Jan 2, 1:10 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		65 min
Jan 2, 1:27 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		48 min
Jan 2, 1:44 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Butler, Conecuh, Monroe, Wilcox	46 min
Jan 2, 1:52 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		38 min
Jan 2, 2:00 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		60 min
Jan 2, 2:02 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	MOB	Washington	6 hr
Jan 2, 2:11 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		64 min
Jan 2, 2:20 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Butler, Clarke, Conecuh, Covington, Escambia and 1 more	40 min
Jan 2, 2:33 PM CST	Tornado Warning	MOB	Baldwin	48 min
Jan 2, 2:40 PM CST	Special Weather Statement	MOB	Crenshaw	50 min
Jan 2, 2:47 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Butler, Conecuh, Monroe	43 min
Jan 2, 2:50 PM CST	Tornado Warning	MOB	Crenshaw	40 min
Jan 2, 2:51 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		54 min
Jan 2, 2:55 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	MOB	Butler, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Monroe, Wilcox	6 hr
Jan 2, 3:03 PM CST	Areal Flood Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Clarke, Conecuh, Covington, Escambia, Mobile and 2 more	24 hr
Jan 2, 3:07 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Choctaw, Clarke, Washington	53 min
Jan 2, 3:11 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		49 min
Jan 2, 3:13 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Butler, Crenshaw	19 min
Jan 2, 3:30 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		60 min
Jan 2, 3:37 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		68 min
Jan 2, 3:44 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Mobile	46 min
Jan 2, 3:53 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		2 hr
Jan 2, 3:59 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Choctaw, Clarke, Mobile, Monroe, Washington and 1 more	61 min
Jan 2, 4:06 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Butler, Crenshaw	54 min
Jan 2, 4:18 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		42 min
Jan 2, 4:23 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Baldwin	52 min
Jan 2, 4:48 PM CST	Flash Flood Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Mobile	6 hr
Jan 2, 4:55 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Butler, Clarke, Conecuh, Escambia, Mobile and 1 more	65 min
Jan 2, 4:59 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		61 min
Jan 2, 5:35 PM CST	Special Weather Statement	MOB	Butler	40 min
Jan 2, 5:42 PM CST	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Conecuh, Covington, Escambia, Monroe	63 min
Jan 2, 5:56 PM CST	Areal Flood Warning	MOB	Baldwin, Butler, Clarke, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw and 5 more	24 hr
Jan 2, 5:59 PM CST	Special Marine Warning	MOB		91 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Alabama, 2017 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2017

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.