Alert archive / Florida / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2017

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 80, NWS Jacksonville, FL

April 4, 2017Alachua County, Marion County, Putnam County, Florida

NWS Jacksonville, FL issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 4, 2017, 9:43 AM EDT for Alachua County, Marion County, Putnam County, Florida. It was in force for 62 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Apr 4, 2017, 9:43 AM EDT (13:43 UTC)
Expired: Apr 4, 2017, 10:45 AM EDT
In force: 62 min
Issued by: NWS Jacksonville, FL
Area: Storm-based polygon
Tornado: Possible
Hail: 1.0 in
Wind: 60.0 mph

Counties Alachua County, FL, Marion County, FL, Putnam County, FL

The radar

The Jacksonville radar (KJAX), 125 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 13:43 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Jacksonville, FL (KJAX), launched 12:00Z, 1.7 hours before the alert went out and 127 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 130 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -199 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 740 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 43 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 149 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 236 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.5

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

427 
WUUS52 KJAX 041343
SVRJAX
FLC001-083-107-041445-
/O.NEW.KJAX.SV.W.0080.170404T1343Z-170404T1445Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Severe Thunderstorm Warning
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
943 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

The National Weather Service in Jacksonville has issued a

* Severe Thunderstorm Warning for...
  Southeastern Alachua County in northern Florida...
  West central Putnam County in northeastern Florida...
  Northeastern Marion County in northern Florida...

* Until 1045 AM EDT

* At 942 AM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located over Citra, moving
  east at 25 mph.

  HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and quarter size hail. 

  SOURCE...Radar indicated. 

  IMPACT...Hail damage to vehicles is expected. Expect wind damage 
           to roofs, siding, and trees. This storm continues to 
           display signs of rotation...and a tornado could form at 
           any time.

* Locations impacted include...
  Interlachen, Fort McCoy, Citra, Sparr, Cross Creek, Orange Springs,
  Hollister, Reddick, McIntosh and Hog Valley.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.

Torrential rainfall is occurring with this storm, and may lead to
flash flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded roadways.

&&

LAT...LON 2931 8227 2950 8226 2963 8181 2927 8176
TIME...MOT...LOC 1342Z 267DEG 22KT 2942 8210 

TORNADO...POSSIBLE
HAIL...1.00IN
WIND...60MPH
 
$$

NELSON

2 follow-up statements

323 
WWUS52 KJAX 041358
SVSJAX

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
958 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

FLC001-107-041407-
/O.CAN.KJAX.SV.W.0080.000000T0000Z-170404T1445Z/
Alachua FL-Putnam FL-
958 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR SOUTHEASTERN ALACHUA AND WEST
CENTRAL PUTNAM COUNTIES IS CANCELLED...
    
The severe thunderstorm which prompted the warning has moved out of 
the warned area. Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.

LAT...LON 2944 8209 2944 8206 2947 8206 2948 8204
      2951 8192 2950 8191 2952 8190 2951 8189
      2952 8185 2949 8184 2949 8179 2932 8177
      2932 8207
TIME...MOT...LOC 1357Z 269DEG 19KT 2937 8203 

$$

FLC083-041445-
/O.CON.KJAX.SV.W.0080.000000T0000Z-170404T1445Z/
Marion FL-
958 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1045 AM EDT
FOR NORTHEASTERN MARION COUNTY...

At 957 AM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located near Fort McCoy,
moving east at 20 mph.

HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and quarter size hail. 

SOURCE...Radar indicated. 

IMPACT...Hail damage to vehicles is expected. Expect wind damage to 
         roofs, siding, and trees. This storm continues to show 
         signs of rotation. A tornado may form at any time.

Locations impacted include...
Fort McCoy and Hog Valley. 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.

Torrential rainfall is occurring with this storm, and may lead to
flash flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded roadways.

&&

LAT...LON 2944 8209 2944 8206 2947 8206 2948 8204
      2951 8192 2950 8191 2952 8190 2951 8189
      2952 8185 2949 8184 2949 8179 2932 8177
      2932 8207
TIME...MOT...LOC 1357Z 269DEG 19KT 2937 8203 

TORNADO...POSSIBLE
HAIL...1.00IN
WIND...60MPH
 
$$

NELSON

419 
WWUS52 KJAX 041445
SVSJAX

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
1045 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

FLC083-041455-
/O.EXP.KJAX.SV.W.0080.000000T0000Z-170404T1445Z/
Marion FL-
1045 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN MARION COUNTY HAS
EXPIRED...
                
The storm which prompted the warning has weakened below severe
limits, and no longer poses an immediate threat to life or property.
Therefore the warning has been allowed to expire.  However heavy rain
is still possible with this thunderstorm.

LAT...LON 2944 8209 2944 8206 2947 8206 2948 8204
      2951 8192 2950 8191 2952 8190 2951 8189
      2952 8185 2949 8184 2949 8179 2932 8177
      2932 8207
TIME...MOT...LOC 1445Z 267DEG 22KT 2938 8170 

$$

NELSON

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Jacksonville, FL wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 4, 9:17 AM EDT, 26 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 4, 9:17 AM EDT, 26 minutes before

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
917 AM EDT Tue Apr 4 2017

.UPDATE...

Frontal boundary will slowly sink South across NE FL Today. Short
wave energy at 500 mb is helping to keep convection going along
this boundary this morning. This upper energy weakens into this
afternoon, leading to dissipating convection. Temperatures will be
held nearly steady for awhile this morning, but decreasing cloud
cover from North to South will allow temperatures to rise into
the afternoon.

&&

.AVIATION...

Showers and storms will continue this morning into early afternoon,
mainly South of KJAX. Reductions along with gusty winds are
expected in these storms.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
AMG  84  68  85  57 /  10  30  50  70
SSI  77  69  83  62 /  20  20  30  70
JAX  82  70  90  64 /  60  20  20  70
SGJ  80  69  90  66 /  90  20  10  50
GNV  82  68  90  63 /  90  30  10  70
OCF  85  68  91  65 /  80  20  10  60

&&

.JAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
FL...None.
GA...None.
AM...Small Craft Advisory until 4 PM EDT this afternoon for Waters
     from Altamaha Sound GA to Fernandina Beach FL from 20 to 60
     NM-Waters from Fernandina Beach to St. Augustine FL from 20
     to 60 NM-Waters from St. Augustine to Flagler Beach FL from
     20 to 60 NM.

&&

Struble

Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 4, 4:01 AM EDT, 5 hours 42 minutes before

Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
401 AM EDT Tue Apr 4 2017

AMZ450-452-454-470-472-474-FLZ020>025-030>033-035>038-040-124-125-
GAZ132>136-149>154-162>166-051000-
Coastal waters from Altamaha Sound to Fernandina Beach FL out
20 NM-
Coastal waters from Fernandina Beach to St. Augustine FL out
20 NM-
Coastal waters from St. Augustine to Flagler Beach FL out 20 NM-
Waters from Altamaha Sound GA to Fernandina Beach FL from 20 to
60 NM-
Waters from Fernandina Beach to St. Augustine FL from 20 to 60 NM-
Waters from St. Augustine to Flagler Beach FL from 20 to 60 NM-
Hamilton-Suwannee-Columbia-Baker-Inland Nassau-Inland Duval-Union-
Bradford-Clay-St. Johns-Gilchrist-Alachua-Putnam-Flagler-Marion-
Coastal Nassau-Coastal Duval-Coffee-Jeff Davis-Bacon-Appling-
Wayne-Atkinson-Ware-Pierce-Brantley-Inland Glynn-Coastal Glynn-
Echols-Clinch-Charlton-Inland Camden-Coastal Camden-
401 AM EDT Tue Apr 4 2017

...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY FOR THE OFFSHORE WATERS...

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS POSSIBLE ON WEDNESDAY AND WEDNESDAY NIGHT...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for Northeast Florida,
Southeast Georgia and the Adjacent Coastal Waters.

.DAY ONE...Today and Tonight...

Band of Strong Thunderstorms with locally heavy rainfall and gusty
winds from the FL/GA border southward across Northeast Florida
will continue this morning before fading this afternoon. A few
storms may become strong to severe at times with damaging winds
and large hail. Locally heavy rainfall is possible with temporary
and minor flooding issues at times.

Small Craft Advisory will remain in effect through the afternoon
for the offshore waters.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday...

Another strong frontal boundary will approach Wednesday and push
through the region Wednesday Night and early Thursday with another
round of strong to severe thunderstorms expected. Stronger
activity will be capable of producing damaging wind gusts,
isolated tornadoes and locally heavy rainfall.

Windy conditions are expected Wednesday through Friday and Small
Craft Advisories are expected over the coastal waters, with near
Gale Force wind gusts possible. Wind Advisories may be required
for the land areas on Wednesday.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation will not be needed.

For additional information, visit the National Weather Service in
Jacksonville website on the internet at weather.gov/jax.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 4, 8:37 AM EDT, 1 hour 6 minutes before

Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
837 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

FLZ033-037-038-041315-
St. Johns FL-Putnam FL-Flagler FL-
837 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR FLAGLER...SOUTHEASTERN ST. JOHNS
AND EASTERN PUTNAM COUNTIES UNTIL 915 AM EDT...

At 837 AM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Lake Delancy, or near Salt Springs, moving east at 35 mph.

Excessive cloud-to-ground lightning and Wind gusts of 40 to 50 mph
can be expected along with possible minor damage.

Locations impacted include...
Palm Coast, Saint Augustine, Palatka, Flagler Beach, Bunnell,
Crescent City, Pomona Park, Hastings, East Palatka and Andalusia.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

&&

LAT...LON 2946 8110 2946 8112 2943 8111 2939 8142
      2940 8142 2939 8144 2936 8166 2979 8169
      2990 8123 2953 8110
TIME...MOT...LOC 1237Z 260DEG 31KT 2944 8174

NELSON

Local storm report, Apr 4, 8:41 AM EDT, 1 hour 2 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSONVILLE FL
841 AM EDT TUE APR 04 2017

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0830 AM     HEAVY RAIN       2 W MACCLENNY           30.28N 82.16W
04/04/2017  M4.55 INCH       BAKER              FL   CO-OP OBSERVER

            DAILY RAINFALL AMOUNT OF 4.55 INCHES RECORDED AT GLEN ST
            MARY CO-OP OBSERVER SITE.

&&

WCORLESS

Local storm report, Apr 4, 9:17 AM EDT, 26 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSONVILLE FL
917 AM EDT TUE APR 04 2017

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0905 AM     HEAVY RAIN       1 ESE LAKE CITY         30.18N 82.62W
04/04/2017  M5.85 INCH       COLUMBIA           FL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            DAILY RAINFALL AMOUNT OF 5.85 INCHES RECORDED AT MELROSE
            PARK ELEMENTARY IN LAKE CITY.

&&

WCORLESS

Local storm report, Apr 4, 9:21 AM EDT, 22 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSONVILLE FL
921 AM EDT TUE APR 04 2017

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0855 AM     HEAVY RAIN       LIVE OAK                30.29N 82.99W
04/04/2017  M4.08 INCH       SUWANNEE           FL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            RAINFALL ACCRUAL OF 4.08 INCHES RECORDED AT LIVE OAK.

&&

WCORLESS

Special weather statement, Apr 4, 9:24 AM EDT, 19 minutes before

Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
924 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

FLZ033-037-038-041415-
St. Johns FL-Putnam FL-Flagler FL-
924 AM EDT TUE APR 4 2017

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR FLAGLER...SOUTHEASTERN ST. JOHNS
AND EASTERN PUTNAM COUNTIES UNTIL 1015 AM EDT...

At 924 AM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm near
Palatka, moving east at 20 mph.

Excessive cloud-to-ground lightning and Wind gusts of 40 to 50 mph
can be expected along with possible minor damage.

Locations impacted include...
Palm Coast, Palatka, Flagler Beach, Bunnell, Crescent City, Pomona
Park, Hastings, East Palatka, Andalusia and Saint Augustine Beach.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

&&

LAT...LON 2946 8110 2946 8112 2943 8110 2941 8115
      2926 8115 2926 8141 2940 8142 2938 8145
      2933 8167 2935 8166 2937 8167 2982 8172
      2988 8122 2952 8110
TIME...MOT...LOC 1324Z 274DEG 17KT 2965 8172

NELSON

Local storm report, Apr 4, 9:26 AM EDT, 17 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE JACKSONVILLE FL
926 AM EDT TUE APR 04 2017

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0855 AM     HEAVY RAIN       BRANFORD                29.96N 82.93W
04/04/2017  M6.85 INCH       SUWANNEE           FL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            RAINFALL ACCRUAL OF 6.85 INCHES RECORDED AT BRANFORD.

&&

WCORLESS

The office that day

Everything else NWS Jacksonville, FL issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Apr 3, 8:17 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Hamilton, Suwannee	43 min
Apr 3, 8:34 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Hamilton, Suwannee	41 min
Apr 3, 9:17 PM EDT	Special Marine Warning	JAX		88 min
Apr 3, 9:23 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Hamilton	52 min
Apr 3, 9:58 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Suwannee	47 min
Apr 3, 10:39 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Columbia, Suwannee	51 min
Apr 3, 11:27 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Suwannee	48 min
Apr 4, 12:22 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Suwannee	38 min
Apr 4, 12:59 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Columbia, Suwannee	46 min
Apr 4, 1:34 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Bradford, Columbia, Union	41 min
Apr 4, 1:48 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Columbia, Suwannee	42 min
Apr 4, 2:51 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Suwannee	3 hr
Apr 4, 2:56 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Duval	49 min
Apr 4, 3:43 AM EDT	Special Marine Warning	JAX		92 min
Apr 4, 3:46 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Duval	59 min
Apr 4, 4:01 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Duval	74 min
Apr 4, 4:34 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Duval, Saint Johns	41 min
Apr 4, 5:24 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Duval	51 min
Apr 4, 5:36 AM EDT	Areal Flood Warning	JAX	Baker, Bradford, Columbia, Hamilton, Suwannee, Union	6 hr
Apr 4, 5:47 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Clay, Duval, Saint Johns	3 hr
Apr 4, 6:19 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Duval	41 min
Apr 4, 6:23 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Duval, Saint Johns	22 min
Apr 4, 6:27 AM EDT	Special Marine Warning	JAX		63 min
Apr 4, 6:40 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Bradford, Clay, Saint Johns, Union	50 min
Apr 4, 6:52 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Columbia, Gilchrist, Suwannee	36 min
Apr 4, 6:59 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Alachua, Bradford, Clay, Putnam	46 min
Apr 4, 7:09 AM EDT	Special Marine Warning	JAX		111 min
Apr 4, 7:09 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Duval	17 min
Apr 4, 7:31 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Alachua, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Gilchrist, Putnam and 2 more	119 min
Apr 4, 7:35 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Saint Johns	55 min
Apr 4, 7:39 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Alachua, Clay	66 min
Apr 4, 7:42 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Baker, Columbia, Suwannee, Union	63 min
Apr 4, 7:46 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Alachua, Bradford	44 min
Apr 4, 8:00 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Alachua	45 min
Apr 4, 8:24 AM EDT	Areal Flood Warning	JAX	Alachua, Bradford, Columbia, Gilchrist, Union	3 hr
Apr 4, 8:37 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Flagler	38 min
Apr 4, 8:40 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Alachua, Putnam	65 min
Apr 4, 9:00 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Alachua, Marion	45 min
Apr 4, 9:10 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	JAX	Marion	35 min
Apr 4, 9:12 AM EDT	Special Marine Warning	JAX		2 hr
Apr 4, 9:21 AM EDT	Tornado Warning	JAX	Alachua, Marion	24 min
Apr 4, 9:24 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Flagler	51 min
Apr 4, 9:34 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Alachua, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Gilchrist, Putnam and 2 more	3 hr
Apr 4, 10:15 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Flagler, Putnam	45 min
Apr 4, 10:46 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Marion	44 min
Apr 4, 10:54 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Alachua, Flagler, Marion, Putnam, Saint Johns	81 min
Apr 4, 11:07 AM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Flagler	68 min
Apr 4, 11:30 AM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Duval, Hamilton and 2 more	60 min
Apr 4, 11:30 AM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Marion	45 min
Apr 4, 12:12 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Marion, Putnam	63 min
Apr 4, 12:34 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Columbia, Gilchrist, Hamilton and 2 more	116 min
Apr 4, 12:38 PM EDT	Areal Flood Advisory	JAX	Alachua, Bradford, Clay, Flagler, Marion, Putnam	2 hr
Apr 4, 1:01 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Flagler	44 min
Apr 4, 1:22 PM EDT	Special Marine Warning	JAX		53 min
Apr 4, 3:23 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Marion	52 min
Apr 4, 4:08 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Marion	37 min
Apr 4, 4:27 PM EDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	JAX	Marion	9 min
Apr 4, 5:46 PM EDT	Special Weather Statement	JAX	Suwannee	29 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Florida, 2017 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2017

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.